In the course of the research, the microorganisms that often caused disease for animals were used, according to the literature, were genetically predisposed to resistance to traditional antibiotics and needed to find new effective means to combat them. It was used different antibiotic substances benzalkonium chloride, silver nanoparticles, and promising in this direction, essential oils of plants: fir, eucalyptus. The article provides information on the selection and study of the efficacy of substances, components with essential oils necessary for the development of complex bactericidal agents and the study of their antimicrobial activity against microorganisms. In determining the antimicrobial activity of essential oils, test cultures were used: Microccoccus luteus ATCC9341, Microccoccus lisogenicus, B. subtilis AATCC6633, B.cereus ATCC6633, S. aureus 209-P, S. zooepidemicus, Clebsiella spp, Salmonella cholerae suis, Pasterella multocida from the museum of State Scientific and Control Institute of Biotechnology and strains of microorganisms. The determination of fungicidal acity was performed on microscopic molds of Penicillium citrinum, Penicillium urticae, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ochraceus. In experiments with Staphilococcus aureus, Streptococcus zooepidemicus, Pasteurella multocida, the antibiotic action of essential oils of eucalyptus and puff was confirmed and the possibility of its enhancement by the addition of quaternary ammonium compounds was confirmed. According to the results, the use as an alternative to antibiotics and disinfectants of preparations based on vegetable essential oils in the form of aerosols not only improves the number of animals from respiratory infections of bacterial origin, but also significantly improves the ecological conditions of the work of personnel in livestock buildings, promotes treatment and prevention respiratory diseases. The investigations have proved the expediency of using vegetable essential oils for the design of highly effective drugs and the possibility of enhancing their antimicrobial activity by quaternary ammonium compounds and silver nanoparticles, as well as a complex preparation «Asept» for aerosol application in the presence of animals.
From antimicrobial activity to mechanism of resistance: the multifaceted role of simple quaternary ammonium compounds in bacterial eradication