Long-term streamflow relations with riparian gallery forest expansion into tallgrass prairie in the Southern Great Plains, USA

2012 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
pp. 170-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Wine ◽  
Chris B. Zou
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Tallgrass Prairie ◽  
Gallery Forest ◽  
Forest Expansion ◽  
Southern Great Plains

scholarly journals Managing Tallgrass Prairies for Productivity and Ecological Function: A Long-Term Grazing Experiment in the Southern Great Plains, USA

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steiner ◽  
Starks ◽  
Neel ◽  
Northup ◽  
Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Tallgrass Prairie ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Continuous System ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Wide Range

The Great Plains of the USA is one of largest expanses of prairie ecosystems in the world. Prairies have been extensively converted to other land uses. The remaining prairie ecosystems are important for livestock grazing and provide benefits including habitat for avian, terrestrial, and aquatic species, carbon regulation, and hydrologic function. While producers, land management agencies, and some researchers have promoted livestock management using rotational stocking for increased production efficiency and enhanced ecosystem function, scientific literature has not provided a consensus on whether rotational stocking results in increased plant biomass or animal productivity. To address this research need, we established long-term grazing research using an adaptive management framework to encompass a wide range of production and ecological interactions on native grassland pastures. This paper describes objectives, design, and implementation of the long-term study to evaluate productivity and ecological effects of beef cow–calf management and production under continuous system (CS) or rotational system (RS) on native tallgrass prairie. Findings from 2009 to 2015 indicate that plant biomass and animal productivity were similar in the two grazing management systems. There were some indicators that forage nutritive value of standing biomass and soil nutrient content were enhanced in the RS system compared with the CS, yet individual calf body weight (BW) at weaning was greater in the CS. This prepares us to engage with producers to help determine the focus for the next phase of the research.

scholarly journals Long-term measurements of submicrometer aerosol chemistry at the Southern Great Plains (SGP) using an Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM)

2015 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 43-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Parworth ◽  
Jerome Fast ◽  
Fan Mei ◽  
Tim Shippert ◽  
Chitra Sivaraman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Chemical Speciation ◽  
Aerosol Chemistry ◽  
Southern Great Plains

scholarly journals Long-Term Trends in Downwelling Spectral Infrared Radiance over the U.S. Southern Great Plains

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (18) ◽  
pp. 4831-4843 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Jonathan Gero ◽  
David D. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Southern Great Plains ◽  
Infrared Radiance ◽  
Term Change ◽  
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Thin Cloud ◽  
The U.S

Abstract A trend analysis was applied to a 14-yr time series of downwelling spectral infrared radiance observations from the Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (AERI) located at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (ARM) site in the U.S. Southern Great Plains. The highly accurate calibration of the AERI instrument, performed every 10 min, ensures that any statistically significant trend in the observed data over this time can be attributed to changes in the atmospheric properties and composition, and not to changes in the sensitivity or responsivity of the instrument. The measured infrared spectra, numbering more than 800 000, were classified as clear-sky, thin cloud, and thick cloud scenes using a neural network method. The AERI data record demonstrates that the downwelling infrared radiance is decreasing over this 14-yr period in the winter, summer, and autumn seasons but it is increasing in the spring; these trends are statistically significant and are primarily due to long-term change in the cloudiness above the site. The AERI data also show many statistically significant trends on annual, seasonal, and diurnal time scales, with different trend signatures identified in the separate scene classifications. Given the decadal time span of the dataset, effects from natural variability should be considered in drawing broader conclusions. Nevertheless, this dataset has high value owing to the ability to infer possible mechanisms for any trends from the observations themselves and to test the performance of climate models.

scholarly journals Comparison of Vaisala radiosondes RS41 and RS92 at the ARM Southern Great Plains Site

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 11323-11368 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Jensen ◽  
D. Holdridge ◽  
P. Survo ◽  
R. Lehtinen ◽  
S. Baxter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Atmospheric Radiation ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
North Central ◽  
Southern Great Plains ◽  
The Us ◽  
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement

Abstract. In the fall of 2013, the Vaisala RS41-SG (4th generation) radiosonde was introduced as a replacement for the RS92-SGP radiosonde with improvements in measurement accuracy of profiles of atmospheric temperature, humidity and pressure. In order to help characterize these improvements, an intercomparison campaign was undertaken at the US Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Facility site in north Central Oklahoma USA. During 3–8 June 2014, a total of 20 twin-radiosonde flights were performed in a variety of atmospheric conditions representing typical midlatitude continental summertime conditions. The results suggest that the RS92 and RS41 measurements generally agree within manufacturer specified tolerances with notable exceptions when exiting liquid cloud layers where the "wet bulbing" effect is mitigated in the RS41 observations. The RS41 measurements also appear to show a smaller impact from solar heating. These results suggest that the RS41 does provide important improvements, particularly in cloudy conditions, but under most observational conditions the RS41 and RS92 measurements agree within the manufacturer specified limits and so a switch to RS41 radiosondes will have little impact on long-term observational records.

Atmospheric Instability Dominates the Long‐Term Variation of Cloud Vertical Overlap Over the Southern Great Plains Site

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (16) ◽  
pp. 9691-9701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiming Li ◽  
Bida Jian ◽  
Chuanfeng Zhao ◽  
Yuxin Zhao ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Southern Great Plains ◽  
Atmospheric Instability ◽  
Term Variation

scholarly journals Regional Moisture Budget and Land‐Atmosphere Coupling Over the U.S. Southern Great Plains Inferred From the ARM Long‐Term Observations

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (17-18) ◽  
pp. 10091-10108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Tao ◽  
Yunyan Zhang ◽  
Shuaiqi Tang ◽  
Qi Tang ◽  
Hsi‐Yen Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Moisture Budget ◽  
Southern Great Plains ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals Comparison of Vaisala radiosondes RS41 and RS92 at the ARM Southern Great Plains site

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 3115-3129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Jensen ◽  
Donna J. Holdridge ◽  
Petteri Survo ◽  
Raisa Lehtinen ◽  
Shannon Baxter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Weather Forecasting ◽  
Climate Modeling ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Southern Great Plains ◽  
The Us ◽  
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement

Abstract. In the fall of 2013, the Vaisala RS41 (fourth generation) radiosonde was introduced as a replacement for the RS92-SGP radiosonde with improvements in measurement accuracy of profiles of atmospheric temperature, humidity, and pressure. In order to help characterize these improvements, an intercomparison campaign was undertaken at the US Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facility site in north-central Oklahoma, USA. During 3–8 June 2014, a total of 20 twin-radiosonde flights were performed in a variety of atmospheric conditions representing typical midlatitude continental summertime conditions. The results show that for most of the observed conditions the RS92 and RS41 measurements agree much better than the manufacturer-specified combined uncertainties with notable exceptions when exiting liquid cloud layers where the “wet-bulbing” effect appears to be mitigated for several cases in the RS41 observations. The RS41 measurements of temperature and humidity, with applied correction algorithms, also appear to show less sensitivity to solar heating. These results suggest that the RS41 does provide important improvements, particularly in cloudy conditions. For many science applications – such as atmospheric process studies, retrieval development, and weather forecasting and climate modeling – the differences between the RS92 and RS41 measurements should have little impact. However, for long-term trend analysis and other climate applications, additional characterization of the RS41 measurements and their relation to the long-term observational records will be required.

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