Long-term effects of single-tree selection on the frequency and population structure of root and butt rot in uneven-sized Norway spruce stands

2018 ◽  
Vol 409 ◽  
pp. 509-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Metslaid ◽  
Aksel Granhus ◽  
Janneke Scholten ◽  
Dag Fjeld ◽  
Halvor Solheim
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Butt Rot ◽  
Single Tree ◽  
Single Tree Selection ◽  
Spruce Stands

scholarly journals Imitated Whole Tree Harvesting Show Negligible Effect on Economic Value of Spruce Stands

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 841
Author(s):  
Iveta Desaine ◽  
Annija Kārkliņa ◽  
Roberts Matisons ◽  
Anna Pastare ◽  
Andis Adamovičs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Whole Tree Harvesting ◽  
Whole Tree ◽  
Tree Harvesting

The increased removal of forest-derived biomass with whole-tree harvesting (WTH) has raised concerns about the long-term productivity and sustainability of forest ecosystems. If true, this effect needs to be factored in the assessment of long-term feasibility to implement such a drastic forest management measure. Therefore, the economic performance of five experimental plantations in three different forest types, where in 1971 simulated WTH event occurred, was compared with pure, planted and conventionally managed (CH) Norway spruce stands of similar age and growing conditions. Potential incomes of CH and WTH stands were based on timber prices for period 2014–2020. However, regarding the economics of root and stump biomass utilization, they were not included in the estimates. In any given price level, the difference of internal rate of return between the forest types and selected managements were from 2.5% to 6.2%. Therefore, Norway spruce stands demonstrate good potential of independence regardless of stump removal at the previous rotation.

scholarly journals Modelling the viscoelastic mechanosorptive behaviour of Norway spruce under long-term compression perpendicular to the grain

Holzforschung ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 715-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Mirko Massaro ◽  
Kjell Arne Malo
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Material Model ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Creep Tests ◽  
Dimensional Changes ◽  
Structural Details ◽  
Timber Engineering ◽  
Wooden Products

AbstractThe effects of variation in humidity coupled with long-term loading give rise to dimensional changes and creep effects in wooden elements. Many wooden products such as cross-laminated timber (CLT) plates as well as many common structural details used in timber engineering are vulnerable to variations in moisture content (MC) as well as to creep effects. This paper addresses the long-term effects in the material modelling of timber by the finite element method (FEM), also considering the viscoelastic and mechanosorptive effects in wood. The model was calibrated using both relaxation tests and creep tests. The results from both long-term compression perpendicular- to-grain tests (relaxation and creep) performed on glulam (GL30c) from Norway spruce (Picea abies) with moisture control are presented in this paper. The material model considers the effect of loading and moisture changes. For realistic comparison, the pith location of each lamella was specified in the numerical analyses. Ultimately, a comparison between the numerical results and the experimental results has been provided, exhibiting an overall good estimation of timber response.

Long term effects of salt on activity, population structure and floc characteristics in enriched bacterial cultures of nitrifiers

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 1377-1388 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Moussa ◽  
D.U. Sumanasekera ◽  
S.H. Ibrahim ◽  
H.J. Lubberding ◽  
C.M. Hooijmans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Bacterial Cultures ◽  
Floc Characteristics
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document