Time sequence of oxidative stress in the brain from transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease related to the amyloid-β cascade

Transgenic mouse models represent an essential tool for the exploration of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathological mechanisms and the development of novel treatments, which at present provide only symptomatic and transient effects. While a variety of mouse models successfully reflects the main neuropathological hallmarks of AD, such as extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ) deposits, intracellular accumulation of Tau protein, the development of micro- and astrogliosis, as well as behavioral deficits, substantial neuron loss, as a key feature of the disease, seems to be more difficult to achieve. In this review, we summarize information on classic and more recent transgenic mouse models for AD, focusing in particular on loss of pyramidal, inter-, and cholinergic neurons. Although the cause of neuron loss in AD is still a matter of scientific debate, it seems to be linked to intraneuronal Aβ accumulation in several transgenic mouse models, especially in pyramidal neurons.

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Outstanding Phenotypic Differences in the Profile of Amyloid-β between Tg2576 and APPswe/PS1dE9 Transgenic Mouse Models of Alzheimer’s Disease

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.3233/jad-160280 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 53 (3) ◽

pp. 773-785 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

José Antonio Allué ◽

Leticia Sarasa ◽

María Izco ◽

Virginia Pérez-Grijalba ◽

Noelia Fandos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Transgenic Mouse ◽

Mouse Models ◽

Amyloid Β ◽

Transgenic Mouse Models ◽

Phenotypic Differences

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Validation of Fucoxanthin from Microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum for the Detection of Amyloid Burden in Transgenic Mouse Models of Alzheimer’s Disease

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11135878 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (13) ◽

pp. 5878

Author(s):

A-Hyeon Lee ◽

Sung-Chul Hong ◽

Inwook Park ◽

Soljee Yoon ◽

YoungSoo Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Transgenic Mouse ◽

Mouse Models ◽

Phaeodactylum Tricornutum ◽

Fluorescent Imaging ◽

Transgenic Mouse Models ◽

Fluorescent Substance ◽

Aβ Aggregation ◽

The Brain

The visualization of misfolded Aβ peptides by using fluorescence chemical dyes is very important in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) diagnosis. Here, we describe the fluorescent substance, fucoxanthin, which detects Aβ aggregates in the brain of AD transgenic mouse models. We found that fucoxanthin from the microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum has fluorescent excitation and emission wavelengths without any interference for Aβ interaction. Thus, we applied it to monitor Aβ aggregation in AD transgenic mouse models. Aβ plaques were visualized using fucoxanthin in the brain tissue of APP/PS1 and 5×FAD mice by histological staining with different staining methods. By comparing fucoxanthin-positive and thioflavin S-positive stained regions in the brains, we found that they are colocalized and that fucoxanthin can detect Aβ aggregates. Our finding suggests that fucoxanthin from P. tricornutum can be a new Aβ fluorescent imaging reagent in AD diagnosis.

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CAA in Transgenic Mouse Models of Alzheimer’s Disease

Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy in Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders ◽

10.1007/978-94-017-1007-7_18 ◽

2000 ◽

pp. 295-311 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Greg M. Cole ◽

Fusheng Yang

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Transgenic Mouse ◽

Mouse Models ◽

Transgenic Mouse Models

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Chapter 5.8 Transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease

Handbook of Molecular-Genetic Techniques for Brain and Behavior Research - Techniques in the Behavioral and Neural Sciences ◽

10.1016/s0921-0709(99)80065-0 ◽

1999 ◽

pp. 880-894 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Karen Duff

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Transgenic Mouse ◽

Mouse Models ◽

Transgenic Mouse Models

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Secondary Metabolites from Plants Possessing Inhibitory Properties against Beta-Amyloid Aggregation as Revealed by Thioflavin-T Assay and Correlations with Investigations on Transgenic Mouse Models of Alzheimer’s Disease

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom10060870 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 870 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Raluca Stefanescu ◽

Gabriela Dumitriṭa Stanciu ◽

Andrei Luca ◽

Luminita Paduraru ◽

Bogdan-Ionel Tamba

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Transgenic Mouse ◽

Mouse Models ◽

Beta Amyloid ◽

Thioflavin T ◽

Amyloid Angiopathy ◽

Transgenic Mouse Models ◽

Study Results

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder for which there is a continuous search of drugs able to reduce or stop the cognitive decline. Beta-amyloid peptides are composed of 40 and 42 amino acids and are considered a major cause of neuronal toxicity. They are prone to aggregation, yielding oligomers and fibrils through the inter-molecular binding between the amino acid sequences (17–42) of multiple amyloid-beta molecules. Additionally, amyloid deposition causes cerebral amyloid angiopathy. The present study aims to identify, in the existing literature, natural plant derived products possessing inhibitory properties against aggregation. The studies searched proved the anti-aggregating effects by the thioflavin T assay and through behavioral, biochemical, and histological analysis carried out upon administration of natural chemical compounds to transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease. According to our present study results, fifteen secondary metabolites from plants were identified which presented both evidence coming from the thioflavin T assay and transgenic mouse models developing Alzheimer’s disease and six additional metabolites were mentioned due to their inhibitory effects against fibrillogenesis. Among them, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, luteolin, myricetin, and silibinin were proven to lower the aggregation to less than 40%.

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