Thermo-rheological behaviour and storage stability of ground tire rubber-modified bitumens

Fuel ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 83 (14-15) ◽  
pp. 2041-2049 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.J. Navarro ◽  
P. Partal ◽  
F. Martı́nez-Boza ◽  
C. Gallegos
Keyword(s):  
Storage Stability ◽  
Rheological Behaviour ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Ground Tire Rubber ◽  
And Storage

scholarly journals Processing, Performance Properties, and Storage Stability of Ground Tire Rubber Modified by Dicumyl Peroxide and Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate Copolymers

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 4014
Author(s):  
Paulina Wiśniewska ◽  
Łukasz Zedler ◽  
Krzysztof Formela
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Storage Stability ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Dicumyl Peroxide ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Ground Tire Rubber ◽  
Performance Properties ◽  
And Storage

In this paper, ground tire rubber was modified with dicumyl peroxide and a variable content (in the range of 0–15 phr) of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers characterized by different vinyl acetate contents (in the range of 18–39 wt.%). Modification of ground tire rubber was performed via an auto-thermal extrusion process in which heat was generated during internal shearing of the material inside the extruder barrel. The processing, performance properties, and storage stability of modified reclaimed ground tire rubber were evaluated based on specific mechanical energy, infrared camera images, an oscillating disc rheometer, tensile tests, equilibrium swelling, gas chromatography combined with a flame ionization detector, and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. It was found that the developed formulas of modified GTR allowed the preparation of materials characterized by tensile strengths in the range of 2.6–9.3 MPa and elongation at break in the range of 78–225%. Moreover, the prepared materials showed good storage stability for at least three months and satisfied processability with commercial rubbers (natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber).

Development of methods improving storage stability of bitumen modified with ground tire rubber: A review

2017 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 272-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Sienkiewicz ◽  
Kaja Borzędowska-Labuda ◽  
Artur Wojtkiewicz ◽  
Helena Janik
Keyword(s):  
Storage Stability ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Ground Tire Rubber

Effect of Tire Rubber Grinding Method on Asphalt-Rubber Binder Characteristics

1998 ◽  
Vol 1638 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy C. West ◽  
Gale C. Page ◽  
John G. Veilleux ◽  
Bouzid Choubane
Keyword(s):  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Ground Tire Rubber ◽  
Grinding Processes ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Grinding Method ◽  
Asphalt Rubber ◽  
Ground Rubber ◽  
Wet Ground ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Storage Characteristics

The results of a study carried out to evaluate the effect of rubber grinding processes on the properties and characteristics of the resulting asphalt-rubber binder are presented. Several ambient and cryogenic ground tire rubber (GTR) materials were evaluated using measurements of surface areas and bulk densities. The rubber materials were then, respectively, mixed with an AC-30 asphalt; the resulting blends were tested to determine the corresponding viscosity, settlement during storage, and potential for binder draindown. The findings indicate that the asphalt-rubber binders produced with rubber from the different grinding processes have measurable differences in properties and storage characteristics that are critical to the performance of the binder in open-graded mixtures. The wet-ground rubber material had substantially lower bulk densities and larger surface areas than rubber resulting from other grinding methods. GTR materials with greater specific surface areas and more irregularly shaped particles produced asphalt-rubber binders with higher viscosities. Binders with the cryogenic ground rubber had the greatest amount of settlement and the least resistance to draindown.

Ground Tire Rubber Modification for Improved Asphalt Storage Stability

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 2659-2664
Author(s):  
Brittany L. Hallmark-Haack ◽  
Nacu B. Hernandez ◽  
R. Christopher Williams ◽  
Eric W. Cochran
Keyword(s):  
Storage Stability ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Ground Tire Rubber ◽  
Rubber Modification

Ground tire rubber (GTR) surface modification using thiol-ene click reaction: Polystyrene grafting to modify a GTR/polystyrene (PS) blend

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-101
Author(s):  
Huan Liang ◽  
Jacob Dion Gagné ◽  
Adrien Faye ◽  
Denis Rodrigue ◽  
Josée Brisson
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Click Reaction ◽  
Processing Temperature ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Ground Tire Rubber ◽  
Aromatic Carbon ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Surface Changes

In this work, a thiol-ene click reaction was used to graft polystyrene (PS) chains onto the surface of ethylene propylene diene monomer-based ground tire rubber (GTR). A thiol-terminated PS (11 kg mol−1) was selected, due to its commercial availability, to modify a postconsumer GTR. The resulting PS-grafted GTR (GTR- g-PS) particles were analyzed via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to detect surface changes on treated samples. An increase in aliphatic and aromatic carbon atoms was observed by FTIR and XPS, while grafted material was observed by SEM on the GTR surface, confirming that grafting took place. Then, composites were prepared from these GTR- g-PS particles and from PS by solution evaporation, at 50 wt%. A significant increase in tensile (20%) and storage moduli (from 80% at 65°C to 510% at 95°C) was observed by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis when compared to composites prepared with untreated GTR. In addition, GTR samples showed improved thermal resistance, as attested by the shift in degradation temperature for 10% mass loss (from 400°C for GTR to 450°C for GTR- g-PS). This increases the possible range of processing temperature and service temperature (applications) for introduction of GTR in other polymer matrices.

scholarly journals Asphalt Incorporation with Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) Copolymer and Natural Rubber (NR) Thermoplastic Vulcanizates (TPVs): Effects of TPV Gel Content on Physical and Rheological Properties

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1397
Author(s):  
Nappaphan Kunanusont ◽  
Boonchai Sangpetngam ◽  
Anongnat Somwangthanaroj
Keyword(s):  
Storage Stability ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Softening Temperature ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Gel Content ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Thermoplastic Vulcanizates ◽  
Polymer Modified Asphalt ◽  
And Storage

Plastic waste has been incorporated with asphalt to improve the physical properties of asphalt and alleviate the increasing trend of plastic waste being introduced into the environment. However, plastic waste comes in different types such as thermoplastic or thermoset, which results in varied properties of polymer modified asphalt (PMA). In this work, four thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) were prepared using different peroxide concentrations to produce four formulations of gel content (with varying extent of crosslinked part) in order to imitate the variation of plastic waste. All four TPVs were then mixed with asphalt at 5 wt% thus producing four formulations of PMA, which went through physical, rheological, and storage stability assessments. PMA with higher gel content possessed lower penetration and higher softening temperature, indicating physically harder appearance of PMA. Superpave parameters remained unchanged among different gel content PMA at temperatures of 64, 70, and 76 °C. PMA with any level of gel content had lower Brookfield viscosity than PMA without gel content at a temperature of 135 °C. Higher gel content resulted in shorter storage stability measured with greater different softening temperatures between top and bottom layers of PMA after 5 days of 163 °C storage. This study shows that asphalt with thermoset plastic waste is harder and easier to pave, thus making the non-recycling thermoset plastic waste more useful and friendly to the environment.

scholarly journals Folate in Red Rhapsody Strawberry—Content and Storage Stability.

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Julius Rami ◽  
Caroline Dumler ◽  
Nadine Weber ◽  
Michael Rychlik ◽  
Gabriele Netzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Stability ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Stable Isotope Dilution ◽  
Isotope Dilution Assay ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Vitamin B9 ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
And Storage

Folate (Vitamin B9) is critical for a range of biological functions in adults and children, including DNA, protein and neurotransmitter synthesis. It is also essential for the healthy development of the fetus in early pregnancy and for the prevention of neural tube defects, such as spina bifida. Strawberries are considered a tasty and healthy fruit consumed all over the world and may potentially be an important dietary source of natural folates. However, the relative importance of strawberry as a dietary source will depend on the total folate concentration, vitamer profile, storage stability and bioavailability to humans. Red Rhapsody, an important commercial strawberry cultivar in Australia, was screened for its folate content and storage stability by stable isotope dilution assay (SIDA). Total folate content ranged from 90–118 μg/100 g fresh weight (fw), which was well above the value in the Australian Food Composition Database (39 μg/100 g fw). 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate, the biologically active form in humans, was the principal vitamer present. Furthermore, folate remained relatively stable during refrigerated (4 °C) storage (loss of only 28% after 14 days of storage). This information is relevant for consumers since the inherent perishability of strawberry fruit makes refrigerated storage common practice in Australian households.

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