Fast pyrolysis of heavy metal contaminated willow: Influence of the plant part

The present study was carried out mainly concentrate on assessment of heavy metal in the surrounding soils and their bioconcentration in the different plants near Kathajodi River. Soil and plant samples were collected along the Kathajodi river, Odisha, India. It was found that the dominance of heavy metals follows a decreasing order. The metal concentrations measured in soil at all location generally decreased in the order; Fe > Mn > Ni> Pb> Cu> Zn> Cd. Highest heavy metal concentration in river bank soil Cd (0.72Â±0.05 mgkg-1); Ni (3.85Â±0.15 mgkg-1); Cu (1.66Â±0.15 mgkg-1); Zn (1.54Â±0.16 mgkg-1); Pb (4.11Â±0.14 mgkg-1); Fe (142.0Â±1.16 mgkg-1); Mn (37.30Â±1.16 mgkg-1) at different site . Among all the grass species I. laxum has the higher affinity for the accumulation of Cd (0.85Â±0.05) followed by Zn, Pb and Cu. This study indicates that bio concentration of heavy metals in the study area show preferential Cd uptake in the plants followed by Zn, Pb and it may lead to accumulates in the exposed plant part posing risk along the food chain. This calls for immediate action to be implemented to carry out necessary environment mitigation measures for the river as it can be attributed the discharge of untreated domestic waste and effluents in the river.

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Selectively Improving the Bio-Oil Quality by Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Heavy-Metal-Polluted Biomass: Take Copper (Cu) as an Example

Environmental Science & Technology ◽

10.1021/es204681y ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 46 (14) ◽

pp. 7849-7856 ◽

Cited By ~ 93

Author(s):

Wu-Jun Liu ◽

Ke Tian ◽

Hong Jiang ◽

Xue-Song Zhang ◽

Hong-Sheng Ding ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Oil Quality ◽

Fast Pyrolysis ◽

Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis ◽

Bio Oil

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Study of the potential valorisation of heavy metal contaminated biomass via phytoremediation by fast pyrolysis: Part I. Influence of temperature, biomass species and solid heat carrier on the behaviour of heavy metals

Fuel ◽

10.1016/j.fuel.2007.10.021 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 87 (10-11) ◽

pp. 1894-1905 ◽

Cited By ~ 87

Author(s):

C. Lievens ◽

J. Yperman ◽

J. Vangronsveld ◽

R. Carleer

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Heat Carrier ◽

Fast Pyrolysis ◽

Influence Of Temperature

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Complementary Z-Contrast Imaging and Digital Image Processing

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100118394 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 304-305

Author(s):

K. N. Colonna ◽

G. Oliphant

Keyword(s):

Image Processing ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Digital Image Processing ◽

Digital Image ◽

Biological Tissue ◽

Biological Imaging ◽

Tissue Preparation ◽

Contrast Imaging ◽

Imaging Tool ◽

Z Contrast

Harmonious use of Z-contrast imaging and digital image processing as an analytical imaging tool was developed and demonstrated in studying the elemental constitution of human and maturing rabbit spermatozoa. Due to its analog origin (Fig. 1), the Z-contrast image offers information unique to the science of biological imaging. Despite the information and distinct advantages it offers, the potential of Z-contrast imaging is extremely limited without the application of techniques of digital image processing. For the first time in biological imaging, this study demonstrates the tremendous potential involved in the complementary use of Z-contrast imaging and digital image processing.Imaging in the Z-contrast mode is powerful for three distinct reasons, the first of which involves tissue preparation. It affords biologists the opportunity to visualize biological tissue without the use of heavy metal fixatives and stains. For years biologists have used heavy metal components to compensate for the limited electron scattering properties of biological tissue.

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Recent Progress In High-Resolution Shadowing For Biological Transmission Electron Microscopy

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100181300 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 510-511 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Heinz Gross ◽

Katarina Krusche ◽

Peter Tittmann

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

High Resolution ◽

Freeze Drying ◽

Atmospheric Conditions ◽

Vacuum Equipment ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Gas Atmosphere ◽

Gas Molecules ◽

Residual Gas ◽

Backing Layer

Freeze-drying followed by heavy metal shadowing is a long established and straight forward approach to routinely study the structure of dehydrated macromolecules. Very thin specimens such as isolated membranes or single macromolecules are directly adsorbed on C-coated grids. After rapid freezing the grids are transferred into a suitable vacuum equipment for freeze-drying and heavy metal shadowing.To improve the resolution power of shadowing films we introduced shadowing at very low specimen temperature (−250°C). To routinely do that without the danger of contamination we developed in collaboration with Balzers an UHV (p≤10-9 mbar) machine (BAF500K, Fig.2). It should be mentioned here that at −250°C the specimen surface acts as effective cryopump for practically all impinging residual gas molecules from the residual gas atmosphere.Common high resolution shadowing films (Pt/C, Ta/W) have to be protected from alterations due to air contact by a relatively thick C-backing layer, when transferred via atmospheric conditions into the TEM. Such an additional C-coat contributes disturbingly to the contrast at high resolution.

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