Physical–chemical properties of waste cooking oil biodiesel and castor oil biodiesel blends

In this study, different performance parameters of a Compression Ignition (CI) engine fueled with waste cooking oil biodiesel blends with diesel in different percentage volumes of 5 % biodiesel and 95 % diesel (W5), 10 % biodiesel and 90 % diesel (W10), 15 % biodiesel and 85 % diesel (W15) and 20 % biodiesel and 80 % diesel (W20) were tested experimentally. First, biodiesel was produced from waste cooking oil by transesterification process. The physical-chemical properties of biodiesel and W20 were tested. The tested properties of W20 were found to American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards near to diesel fuel. Subsequently, test of diesel and biodiesel blended fuels were carried out using 15:1 compression ratio on Kirloskar Single Cylinder Compression Ignition Engine at 1500 rpm on varying loads. The engine performance parameters for biodiesel blends such as Indicated Power (IP), Brake Power (BP), Brake Mean Effective Pressure (BMEP), Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE), Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC) and Mechanical Efficiency (ME) against load in comparison to diesel fuel were obtained and verified those with diesel fuel. IP for diesel, W5, W10, W15 and W20 at load of 12 kg are 4.3 kW, 4.8 kW, 4.7 kW, 4.75 kW and 4.2 kW respectively. ME of W20 at 12 kg load is less by 4.1 % than diesel. The difference in SFC of diesel and W20 at 12 kg load was 0.27 kg/kWh. The experimental outcomes confirm that the IP and SFC of blended biodiesel were slightly superior. Correspondingly, BP and BMEP were also found comparable to diesel fuel.

Download Full-text

The Properties of Fuel and Characterization of Functional Groups in Biodiesel -Water Emulsions from Waste Cooking Oil and Its Blends

Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology ◽

10.17509/ijost.v5i1.23103 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 95-108

Author(s):

Annisa Bhikuning ◽

Jiro Senda Senda

Keyword(s):

Fourier Transform ◽

Alternative Fuels ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Acid Methyl Ester ◽

Waste Cooking Oil ◽

Diesel Oil ◽

Cooking Oil ◽

Used Oil ◽

Acid Methyl

Studying biodiesel as an alternative fuel is important for finding the most suitable fuel for the future. Biodiesel from waste cooking oil is one of the alternative fuels to replace fossil oil. Waste cooking oil is the used oil from cooking and is taken from hotels or restaurants. The emulsion of waste cooking oil and water is produced by adding water to the oil, as well as some additives to bind the water and the oil. In this study, the fuel properties of 100% biodiesel waste cooking oil are compared to several blends by volume: 5% of biodiesel waste cooking oil blended with 95% diesel oil (BD5), 10% of biodiesel waste cooking oil blended with 90% of diesel oil (BD10), 5% of biodiesel waste cooking oil blended with 10% of water and 18.7% of additives (BDW18.7), and 5% of biodiesel waste cooking oil blended with 10% of water and 24.7% of additives (BDW24.7). The objectives of this study are to establish the properties and characteristics of the FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) of biodiesel-water emulsions from waste cooking oil and to compare them to other fuels. The chemical properties of the fuels are analyzed by using the ASTM D Method and FTIR to determine the FAME (fatty acid methyl ester) composition of biodiesel in diesel oil. The results showed that the addition of additives in the water-biodiesel oil increases the viscosity, density, and flash point. However, it decreased the caloric value due to the oxygen content in the fuel.

Download Full-text