There is a worldwide demand for phenolic compounds (PC) because they exhibit several biological activities. This work
aimed at extracting phenolic compounds from peanut meal. The methods of extraction were mainly: conventional solvent
extraction (traditional methods) and ultrasound assisted extraction (recent methods) and comparing their results. Peanut
meal (PM) was prepared by defatting with n-hexane, and then extracted by the two previous methods. First, the conventional
solvents used were 80% methanol, ethanol, acetone, isopropanol, and distilled water. Then studied Different parameters
such as meal: water ratio, also the effect of temperature and the pH on the extraction process. Second, ultrasonic assisted
extractions (USAE), the parameters investigated were temperature, time and speed of sonication. Finally, all the extracts
were analyzed by HPLC for their phenolic contents. Results indicated that the highest extracted PC achieved by solvents
was in distilled water where 1:100, Meal: Water ratio which extracted 40 mg PC / g PM at 30& 35°C. Highest extracted PC
was achieved by alkaline medium at pH 12 more than acidic and neutral medium. While (USAE) at speed 8 ultrasonication
and temperature 30ᵒC, extracted 49.2mg PC /g PM. Sothe ultrasound assisted extraction exhibited great influence on
the extraction of phenolic compounds from peanut meal. The ultrasonic peanut extract was examined for its antioxidant,
antimicrobial and anticarcinogenic activities. The antioxidant activity of PM phenolic extract prepared by ultrasonic
technique, was measured by, β-carotene, and DPPH methods, and reducing antioxidant power. Results revealed values:
84.57, 57.72 and 5960 respectively. The PM extract showed different levels of antimicrobial activity against the pathogenic
bacteria used. As for the anticarcinogenic effect PM phenolic extract most effective on inhibiting colon carcinoma and
lung carcinoma cell lines with IC50 = 20.7 and 20.8 µ/ml., respectively. This was followed by intestinal carcinoma and liver
carcinoma cell lines with IC50= 39.6 and 40.2µ/ml.
Optimization of ultrasound-assisted liquefaction of solid digestate to produce bio-oil: Energy study and characterization
