Elevation, space and host plant species structure Ericaceae root-associated fungal communities in Papua New Guinea

The Australian taxa of Micropezidae (listed at end of paper) are keyed and described. Crus, Scela, Veru and Seva are new subgenera of Metopochetus Enderlein. In all, 21 new species are described in the genera Metopochetus, CothornobataCzerny, CrepidochetusEnderlein and Mimegralla Rondani. Cothornobata inermis (Malloch) is a new combination (from Grammicomyia). Lectotypes are designated for Calobata compressa Walker (now in Metopochetus), Calobata bivittata Macquart (now in Metopochetus),Mimegralla contingens australicaHennig (now M. australica), Calobata contraria Walker [synonym ofMimegralla sepsoides (Walker)]. Records of the following from Australia are found to be erroneous: Calobata albimana Macquart [synonym ofTaeniaptera trivittata (Macquart)],Mimegralla abana (Walker), Calobata brevicellulata Macquart (now in Mimegralla), Calobata coeruleifrons Macquart (now in Mimegralla) and Metopochetus tipuloides (Walker). The erroneous record of Cothornobata viriata (Enderlein) from Papua New Guinea is corrected. Distributions of species are recorded by means of grid references to a key map. Information on ecology and habits of Australian micropezids is summarised. The populations of two flightless species are vulnerable, because each is apparently dependent on an ecologically vulnerable host-plant species (families Brassicaceae and Cephalotaceae). A phylogeny of the recognised subfamilies and tribes of Micropezidae is given. Literature on fossil micropezids is reviewed.

Download Full-text

Host plant species effects on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities in tallgrass prairie

Oecologia ◽

10.1007/s004420050050 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 122 (3) ◽

pp. 435-444 ◽

Cited By ~ 234

Author(s):

A. -H. Eom ◽

D. C. Hartnett ◽

G. W. T. Wilson

Keyword(s):

Host Plant ◽

Plant Species ◽

Tallgrass Prairie ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Fungal Communities ◽

Host Plant Species ◽

Species Effects ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal

Download Full-text

Low host specificity in species-rich assemblages of xylem- and phloem-feeding herbivores (Auchenorrhyncha) in a New Guinea lowland rain forest

Journal of Tropical Ecology ◽

10.1017/s0266467413000540 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 29 (6) ◽

pp. 467-476 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Francesca F. Dem ◽

Alan J.A. Stewart ◽

Amos Gibson ◽

George D. Weiblen ◽

Vojtech Novotny

Keyword(s):

Host Plant ◽

Host Specificity ◽

Papua New Guinea ◽

Plant Species ◽

Rain Forest ◽

New Guinea ◽

Primary Forest ◽

Feeding Guilds ◽

Phylogenetic Distance ◽

Phloem Feeding

Abstract:We documented one of the most species-rich assemblages of tropical rain-forest Auchenorrhyncha, comprising 402 phloem- and xylem-feeding species, by sampling adults from forest vegetation. Further, we reared 106 species from larvae sampled on 14 plant species. Both xylem- and phloem-feeding guilds exhibited wide host-plant ranges, as 74% of species fed on more than one plant family. In comparison, using data extracted from the temperate-zone literature, phloem-feeders exhibited lower host specificity in Papua New Guinea than in Germany, because in Papua New Guinea they were dominated by generalist Fulgoroidea while in Germany by specialist Membracoidea. The similarity of Auchenorrhyncha assemblages from different plant species was unrelated to the phylogenetic distance between their hosts. Host specificity, abundance and species composition of Auchenorrhyncha assemblages were unrelated to the optimum of their host plant species on succession gradient from secondary to primary forest. Higher host specificity did not lead to greater species richness in Auchenorrhyncha assemblages feeding on different plant species, but the number of species feeding on a particular plant species was a strong predictor of the Auchenorrhyncha abundance on that plant. These patterns suggest that Auchenorrhyncha assemblages on these plant species are not saturated with species and determined by division of limited resources among competitors, but instead are dependent on the number of colonizers from the regional species pool.

Download Full-text

Effect of host plant on the life history of the carnation tortrix moth Cacoecimorpha pronubana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s0007485321000493 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Marcin W. Zielonka ◽

Tom W. Pope ◽

Simon R. Leather

Keyword(s):

Life History ◽

Host Plant ◽

Plant Species ◽

Host Plants ◽

Crop Protection ◽

Plant Production ◽

Pupal Weight ◽

Production Environment ◽

Host Plant Species ◽

The Uk

Abstract The carnation tortrix moth, Cacoecimorpha pronubana (Hübner, [1799]) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is one of the most economically important insect species affecting the horticultural industry in the UK. The larvae consume foliage, flowers or fruits, and/or rolls leaves together with silken threads, negatively affecting the growth and/or aesthetics of the crop. In order to understand the polyphagous behaviour of this species within an ornamental crop habitat, we hypothesized that different host plant species affect its life history traits differently. This study investigated the effects of the host plant species on larval and pupal durations and sizes, and fecundity (the number of eggs and the number and size of egg clutches). At 20°C, 60% RH and a 16L:8D photoperiod larvae developed 10, 14, 20 and 36 days faster when reared on Christmas berry, Photinia (Rosaceae), than on cherry laurel, Prunus laurocerasus (Rosaceae), New Zealand broadleaf, Griselinia littoralis (Griseliniaceae), Mexican orange, Choisya ternata (Rutaceae), and firethorn, Pyracantha angustifolia (Rosaceae), respectively. Female pupae were 23.8 mg heavier than male pupae, and pupal weight was significantly correlated with the duration of larval development. The lowest and the highest mean numbers of eggs were produced by females reared on Pyracantha (41) and Photinia (202), respectively. Clutch size differed significantly among moths reared on different host plants, although the total number of eggs did not differ. This study showed that different ornamental host plants affect the development of C. pronubana differently. Improved understanding of the influence of host plant on the moth's life history parameters measured here will help in determining the economic impact that this species may have within the ornamental plant production environment, and may be used in developing more accurate crop protection methodologies within integrated pest management of this insect.

Download Full-text

The effects of host plant species and larval density on immune function in the polyphagous moth Spodoptera littoralis

Ecology and Evolution ◽

10.1002/ece3.7802 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kristina Karlsson Green

Keyword(s):

Immune Function ◽

Host Plant ◽

Plant Species ◽

Spodoptera Littoralis ◽

Larval Density ◽

Host Plant Species

Download Full-text

The relationship among host plant species, egg clutch size, and level of parasitism for the sharpshooter Tapajosa rubromarginata

Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata ◽

10.1111/eea.12988 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 168 (12) ◽

pp. 900-910

Author(s):

Eduardo G. Virla ◽

María B. Aguirre ◽

Guido A. Van Nieuwenhove ◽

Erica B. Luft Albarracin ◽

Guillermo A. Logarzo

Keyword(s):

Host Plant ◽

Clutch Size ◽

Plant Species ◽

Host Plant Species ◽

The Relationship

Download Full-text

Influence of prey size and environmental factors on predation by Podisus maculiventris (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on viburnum leaf beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/n07-021 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 140 (2) ◽

pp. 192-202 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Gaylord A. Desurmont ◽

Paul A. Weston

Keyword(s):

Host Plant ◽

Plant Species ◽

Biological Control Agent ◽

Handling Time ◽

Leaf Beetle ◽

Podisus Maculiventris ◽

Viburnum Opulus ◽

Host Plant Species ◽

Search Area ◽

Rate Of Increase

AbstractExperiments were conducted under laboratory conditions to determine the influence of the relative sizes of predator and prey, temperature, presence of refugia, size of the search area, and host-plant species on the predation performance of Podisus maculiventris (Say) nymphs against viburnum leaf beetle, Pyrrhalta viburni (Paykull), a new landscape pest in North America that feeds on the foliage of species of Viburnum L. (Caprifoliaceae). Predator handling time was positively correlated with body mass of the prey for all instars of P. maculiventris, but the rate of increase of handling time relative to prey mass decreased as predator age increased. Temperature was positively correlated with predation rates, but the presence of refugia did not have an impact on predation. The influence of host-plant species and size of the search area was tested on southern arrowwood (Viburnum dentatum L.) and American cranberrybush (Viburnum opulus L. var. americanum Aiton). There was a significant interaction between plant species and size of the search area, the species effect becoming significant as leaf surface area increased. In the case of southern arrowwood a negative correlation between size of the search area and predation rate was also detected. The identification of these factors adds valuable knowledge for using P. maculiventris as a biological-control agent against P. viburni.

Download Full-text