New occurrence of the family Hipponicharionidae (Bradoriida, Arthropoda), in the lower and middle Cambrian of the Cadenas Ibéricas, Spain

Geobios ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Gozalo ◽  
Ma Eugenia Dies ◽  
Juan B Chirivella
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
The Family

Early Paleozoic Hyolitha from North America: reexamination of Walcott's and Resser's type specimens

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Mark Malinky
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Early Paleozoic ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
Upper Cambrian ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family

Concepts of the family Hyolithidae Nicholson fide Fisher and the genera Hyolithes Eichwald and Orthotheca Novak have been expanded through time to encompass a variety of morphologically dissimilar shells. The Hyolithidae is here considered to include only those hyolithid species which have a rounded (convex) dorsum; slopes on the dorsum are inflated, and the venter may be flat or slightly inflated. Hyolithes encompasses species which possess a low dorsum and a prominent longitudinal sulcus along each edge of the dorsum; the ligula is short and the apertural rim is flared. The emended concept of Orthotheca includes only those species of orthothecid hyoliths which have a subtriangular transverse outline and longitudinal lirae covering the shell on both dorsum and venter.Eighteen species of Hyolithes and one species of Orthotheca from the Appalachian region and Western Interior were reexamined in light of more modern taxonomic concepts and standards of quality for type material. Reexamination of type specimens of H. similis Walcott from the Lower Cambrian of Newfoundland, H. whitei Resser from the Lower Cambrian of Nevada, H. billingsi Walcott from the Lower Cambrian of Nevada, H. gallatinensis Resser from the Upper Cambrian of Wyoming, and H. partitus Resser from the Middle Cambrian of Alabama indicates that none of these species represents Hyolithes. Hyolithes similis is here included under the new genus Similotheca, in the new family Similothecidae. Hyolithes whitei is designated as the type species of the new genus Nevadotheca, to which H. billingsi may also belong. Hyolithes gallatinensis is referred to Burithes Missarzhevsky with question, and H. partitus may represent Joachimilites Marek. The type or types of H. attenuatus Walcott, H. cecrops Walcott, H. comptus Howell, H. cowanensis Resser, H. curticei Resser, H. idahoensis Resser, H. prolixus Resser, H. resseri Howell, H. shaleri Walcott, H. terranovicus Walcott, and H. wanneri Resser and Howell lack shells and/or other taxonomically important features such as a complete aperture, rendering the diagnoses of these species incomplete. Their names should only be used for the type specimens until better preserved topotypes become available for study. Morphology of the types of H.? corrugatus Walcott and “Orthotheca” sola Resser does not support placement in the Hyolitha; the affinities of these species are uncertain.

scholarly journals An enigmatic cap-shaped fossil from the Middle Cambrian of North Greenland

1994 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 149-155
Author(s):  
J.S Peel
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
The Family ◽  
New Form ◽  
Invertebrate Fossils ◽  
North Greenland

Nyeboeconus robisoni gen. et sp. nov., is described from the Middle Cambrian Henson Gletscher Formation of western North Greenland. Some authors have interpreted similar shelIs as chondrophorine hydrozoans or invertebrate fossils of uncertain systematic position. The coiled, cap-shaped shell and the presence of an internal plate, or pegma, suggest, however, that this new form is the second genus to be described of the Family Enigmaconidae MacKinnon, 1985 (Mollusca, Class Helcionelloida), otherwise known only from rocks of similar age in New Zealand.

Archaeocyathids: Morphology and Affinity

1983 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 178-190
Author(s):  
Francoise Debrenne
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
Upper Cambrian ◽  
The Family ◽  
Reef Environments

The Archaeocyatha were marine organisms developing mineral skeletons and using calcium carbonate for this purpose. Remains of their cups are found in carbonate shelfs and reef environments of the Early Cambrian seas. Few representatives of the family Archaeocyathidae are found through the Middle Cambrian to the Upper Cambrian (Debrenne, Rozanov and Webers, in press).

scholarly journals Presence of Naraoia Walcott, 1912 (Nektaspida, Arthropoda) in the middle Cambrian of Europe (Murero, NE Spain)

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Gozalo ◽  
Mª Eugenia Dies-Álvarez ◽  
José Antonio Gámez VIintaned ◽  
Juan B. Chirivella ◽  
Eladio Liñan
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
First Record ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
Burgess Shale ◽  
Evolutionary Potential ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
The Family ◽  
Ne Spain

 The genus Naraoia Walcott, 1912, a Burgess Shale-type fossil known from the lower and middle Cambrian of British Columbia (Canada), Idaho and Utah (USA), as well as from Yunnan and Guizhou provinces (China), is now reported from the middle Cambrian of Murero (Zaragoza, Spain), which is the first record in the Acadobaltic province. The only fragmented specimen found is determined as Naraoia sp., its age being Pardailhania multispinosa Zone (Drumian Stage). This new datum reinforces the hypothesis of the existence of a cosmopolitan faunal substrate in early Cambrian times, which is to some extent refl ected in the mid Cambrian by faunal groups of low evolutionary potential as the family Naraoiidae and other soft-bodied fossil taxa.

Latest Middle Cambrian metazoan reef from northern Iran

1995 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Hamdi ◽  
A. Yu. Rozanov ◽  
A. Yu. Zhuravle
Keyword(s):  
Northern Iran ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
Middle Ordovician ◽  
Late Cambrian ◽  
The Family ◽  
Middle And Late Cambrian

AbstractMiddle and Late Cambrian reefs were built mainly by cyanobacterial communities. A few reefs with a metazoan as well as an algal component, however, are known from this interval. A Middle Cambrian reef formed primarily by spicular demosponges is described here from the Mila Formation in the Elburz Mountains, northern Iran. The reef is enclosed within calcareous grainstones which contain terminal Middle Cambrian (late Mayan) trilobites. The Mila Formation reef was constructed by sponges of the family Anthaspidellidae and bacterial (algal?) sheaths, and is the earliest metazoan reef to be documented from the interval after the demise of archaeocyath sponges. The reefal community is typical of subsequent reefal communities of Early–Middle Ordovician age. The Ordovician examples differ only by the incorporation of additional metazoan elements.

Revision of lyracystid eocrinoids from the Middle Cambrian of South China and Western Laurentia

2011 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Sprinkle ◽  
Ronald L. Parsley ◽  
Yuanlong Zhao ◽  
Jin Peng
Keyword(s):  
South China ◽  
Short Distance ◽  
Outer Shelf ◽  
Muddy Sediment ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Suspension Feeders ◽  
The Family ◽  
Upper Slope

The Middle Cambrian eocrinoid genera Lyracystis Sprinkle and Collins, 2006, from western Laurentia and Balangicystis Parsley and Zhao, 2006, from South China, described in the same year, have turned out to be closely related genera assigned to the Family Lyracystidae. Both have erect, lyre-shaped, arm-like, brachiolebearing, feeding appendages, here termed exothecal ambulacra, that are not homologous to crinoid arms. They also have a long, multiplated stalk to elevate the theca and feeding appendages well above the sea floor, making them among the highest tiered echinoderm suspension feeders known from the Middle Cambrian. The long stalk was either inserted a short distance into the muddy sediment, or attached to rare skeletal fragments lying on the sea floor. Both genera seem well adapted to quiet-water or slow-current conditions in deeper water (150-200 m) on the outer shelf or upper slope of their respective continents.

scholarly journals Furongian (Jiangshanian) occurrences of radiodonts in Poland and South China and the fossil record of the Hurdiidae

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11800
Author(s):  
Xuejian Zhu ◽  
Rudy Lerosey-Aubril ◽  
Javier Ortega-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
South China ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Marine Ecosystems ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
Early Devonian ◽  
Early Ordovician ◽  
Marine Life ◽  
Oral Cone ◽  
The Family ◽  
Sandstone Formation

The Furongian period represents an important gap in the fossil record of most groups of non-biomineralizing organisms, owing to a scarcity of Konservat-Lagerstätten of that age. The most significant of these deposits, the Jiangshanian strata of the Sandu Formation near Guole Township (Guangxi, South China), have yielded a moderately abundant, but taxonomically diverse soft-bodied fossil assemblage, which provides rare insights into the evolution of marine life at that time. In this contribution, we report the first discovery of a radiodont fossil from the Guole Konservat-Lagerstätte. The specimen is an incomplete frontal appendage of a possibly new representative of the family Hurdiidae. It is tentatively interpreted as composed of seven podomeres, six of which bearing laminiform endites. The best preserved of these endites is especially long, and it bears short auxiliary spines that greatly vary in size. This is the second occurrence of hurdiids and more generally radiodonts in the Furongian, the first being the external mould of an oral cone from Jiangshanian strata of the Wiśniówka Sandstone Formation in Poland. Restudy of this Polish specimen confirms that it belongs to a hurdiid radiodont and best compares to Peytoia. The family Hurdiidae includes the oldest (basal Cambrian Epoch 2) and youngest (Early Ordovician, possibly Early Devonian) representatives of the Radiodonta and as such, has the longest stratigraphical range of the group. Yet, hurdiids only became prominent components of marine ecosystems during the middle Cambrian (Miaolingian), and their fossil record in younger strata remains limited.

New eocrinoids from the Burgess Shale, southern British Columbia, Canada, and the Spence Shale, northern Utah, USA

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Sprinkle ◽  
Desmond Collins
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Suspension Feeding ◽  
Burgess Shale ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
The Family ◽  
Northern Utah

The family Lyracystidae n.fam. and genus Lyracystis n.gen. are proposed for the holotype and one paratype of the Middle Cambrian eocrinoid Gogia? radiata Sprinkle, the Burgess Shale "Arms" from the same unit, and many additional partial and more complete specimens of this eocrinoid collected from the Burgess Shale since 1975. A second species, Lyracystis reesei n.gen. and n.sp. is described from a single partly complete specimen from the similar-aged Spence Shale of northern Utah. Lyracystis has three wide V-shaped arms bearing numerous long straight brachioles in the notch, a partly organized theca having larger and smaller ridged plates with epispires, and a very long multiplated stalk made up of rounded or spiny small plates. Lyracystis is the longest-stalked, suspension-feeding echinoderm known from the Middle Cambrian. The three remaining paratypes of Gogia? radiata and four new specimens with possible branched brachioles from the Burgess Shale are renamed Gogia stephenensis n.sp.

Messorocaris, a new sanctacaridid-like arthropod from the middle Cambrian Wheeler Formation (Utah, USA)

2017 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
RUDY LEROSEY-AUBRIL ◽  
JACOB SKABELUND
Keyword(s):  
Similarity Analysis ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Axial Region ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
The Family

AbstractThe Drumian Wheeler Formation preserves one of the most diverse exceptionally preserved faunas of the Cambrian period. Here we describe Messorocaris magna gen. et sp. nov., a new non-biomineralizing arthropod from this formation tentatively assigned to the family Sanctacarididae. The new taxon exhibits a vaulted axial region, and wide pleural regions forming sickle-shaped lateral extensions in the trunk, a character particularly distinctive within the Sanctacarididae. This description provides an opportunity to stress the fact that the ‘Wheeler fauna’ encompasses two distinct assemblages, as confirmed by similarity analysis. These contemporaneous faunas lived at different bathymetries, and should be treated as separate entities.

The arthropod Odaraia alata Walcott, Middle Cambrian, Burgess Shale, British Columbia

1981 ◽  
Vol 291 (1056) ◽  
pp. 541-582 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
The Body ◽  
Burgess Shale ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
The Family

This, the first detailed description, interpretation and reconstruction of Odaraia alata , is based on all 29 known specimens. These include material of Eurysaces pielus Simonetta and Delle Cave, 1975, which is synonymized with O. alata herein. The head bore a pair of large eyes anteriorly and a paired mandible posteriorly. Features between these are poorly defined and the number of limb-bearing cephalic somites is unknown. The carapace was bivalved and essentially tubular in configuration, enclosing most of the body anteriorly. The trunk included up to at least 45 uniform short wide limb-bearing somites. The trunk appendages were biramous (with the possible exception of the first two), with an outer lamellate branch projecting dorsad of a segmented, spinose and apparently sometimes bifurcate inner branch which shows some evidence of variation along the trunk. The telson bore three large flukes, two projecting laterally and one vertically. The evidence suggests that O. alata fed by employing the carapace as a filter chamber within which the appendages, which trapped small pelagic animals, were confined. The arthropod probably swam on its back, using the appendages. Although the flukes did not articulate proximally, the telson appears to have been well adapted as a stabilizing and steering organ. O. alata shows some similarities to the Crustacea, particularly the Branchiopoda, but the preservation of the features of the cephalon is inadequate to allow its affinities to be determined unequivocally. It is classified in the family Odaraidae Simonetta and Delle Cave, 1975, but assignment to a higher taxon within the arthropods is not considered to be justified.

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