Peripheral administration of bovine GH regulates the expression of cerebrocortical beta-globin, GABAB receptor 1, and the Lissencephaly-1 protein (LIS-1) in adult hypophysectomized rats

ABSTRACT The characteristics and nature of the effect of growth hormone on the incorporation of radio-sulfate into the costal cartilage of hypophysectomized rats has been studied. The time-response studies indicate that a reliable estimation of growth hormone activity can be ascertained within a 24 hour period, and a reproducible dose-related response can be obtained at dosage levels ranging from 12-48 μg. Growth hormone stimulates the synthesis of organic sulfates and accumulation of inorganic sulfates within 48 hours.

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SENSITIVITY OF THE RAT DIAPHRAGM TO GROWTH HORMONE.

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0540645 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 54 (4) ◽

pp. 645-662 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Å. Hjalmarson ◽

K. Ahrén

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Rat Diaphragm ◽

Intracellular Accumulation ◽

Slight Effect ◽

Kidney Capsule ◽

Muscle Tissues ◽

Hypophysectomized Rats ◽

Isolated Rat

ABSTRACT The effect of growth hormone (GH) in vitro on the rate of intracellular accumulation of the non-utilizable amino acid α-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) was studied in the intact rat diaphragm preparation. Bovine or ovine GH (25 μg/ml incubation medium) markedly stimulated the accumulation of AIB-14C by diaphragms from hypophysectomized rats, while there was no or only a very slight effect on diaphragms from normal rats. In diaphragms from rats with the pituitary gland autotransplanted to the kidney capsule GH in vitro stimulated the accumulation of AIB-14C significantly more than in diaphragms from normal rats but significantly less than in diaphragms from hypophysectomized rats. Injections of GH intramuscularly for 4 days to hypophysectomized rats made the diaphragms from these rats less sensitive or completely insensitive to GH in vitro. These results indicate strongly that the relative insensitivity to GH in vitro of diaphragms from normal rats is due to the fact that the muscle tissues from these rats has been exposed to the endogenously secreted GH. The results show that GH can influence the accumulation of AIB-14C in the isolated rat diaphragm in two different ways giving an acute or »stimulatory« effect and a late or »inhibitory« effect, and that it seems to be a time-relationship between these two effects of the hormone.

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CORTICOTROPIN-BESTIMMUNG ANHAND DES CORTICOSTERONANSTIEGES IM NEBENNIEREN-VENENBLUT HYPOPHYSEKTOMIERTER RATTEN

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0410211 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 211-218 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

K. Retiene ◽

H. Ditschuneit ◽

M. Fischer ◽

K. Kopp ◽

E. F. Pfeiffer

Keyword(s):

Peripheral Blood ◽

Single Injection ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Corticosterone Level ◽

The Other ◽

Adrenal Vein ◽

Major Surgery ◽

Other Hand ◽

Hypophysectomized Rats

ABSTRACT Corticotrophin has been measured by using the corticotrophin-induced increase of corticosterone in adrenal venous blood of rats, the corticotrophin secretion of which has been blocked by preliminary injection of dexamethasone. Sensitivity and precision of this technique have not been higher than in the simpler procedure using corticosterone increase in peripheral blood. Single injection of dexamethasone on the other hand did not prevent release of endogenous corticotrophin following major surgery, required for canulation of the adrenal vein. In hypophysectomized rats corticotrophin can be measured by using adrenal venous blood. 0.05 mU corticotrophin (US-P-Standard) has been determined with an index of precision of λ = 0.13. The consistent relation between initial and elevated corticosterone level following corticotrophin in both peripheral and adrenal venous blood makes it highly unlikely that other modifications of this kind of assay will increase sensitivity.

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P32 UPTAKE IN HYPOPHYSECTOMIZED RATS

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0290315 ◽

1958 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 315-320 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Odvar E. Skaug ◽

Per Lingjærde ◽

Ole J. Malm

Keyword(s):

Hypophysectomized Rats

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PLASMA CORTICOSTEROID LEVELS AND ADRENAL ASCORBIC ACID AFTER INTRAVENOUS CORTICOTROPHIN INJECTIONS AND »STRESSFUL« STIMULI IN THE RAT

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0390527 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 527-538 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Pavo Hedner ◽

Claus Rerup

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Abdominal Surgery ◽

Response Curve ◽

Significant Rise ◽

Blocking Effect ◽

High Dose ◽

Ascorbic Acid Concentration ◽

Unilateral Adrenalectomy ◽

Subcutaneous Injections ◽

Hypophysectomized Rats

ABSTRACT Measurements of plasma corticosteroid levels and adrenal ascorbic acid concentration in steroid blocked and hypophysectomized rats were performed. It was found that prednisolone and dexamethasone were effective in blocking endogenous corticotrophin release within 3–4 hours after subcutaneous injection. These agents also prevented completely the normally occurring rise in plasma corticoid levels after exposure of the rats to ether. Abdominal surgery (unilateral adrenalectomy) resulted in a slight but significant rise in plasma corticoid levels in spite of dexamethasone blockade. The values of adrenal ascorbic acid were not affected significantly. The blocking effect of two daily subcutaneous injections of a high dose of dexamethasone persisted for about one week after the last injection. The sensitivity of the plasma corticoid response was essentially the same in hypophysectomized and dexamethasone blocked rats. The lower part of the log dose response curve was found to be clearly non-linear in the plasma corticoid method following intravenous corticotrophin injection. As a consequence the dose level in quantitative assays of intravenously injected corticotrophin are, in our hands, of the same order as in the adrenal ascorbic acid depletion method.

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BIOASSAY OF GROWTH HORMONE

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0750669 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 75 (4) ◽

pp. 669-682 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

K.-G. Thorngren ◽

L. I. Hansson

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Bone Growth ◽

Control Period ◽

Growth Stimulation ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Hormone Administration ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Hypophysectomized Rats ◽

Operative Control ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

ABSTRACT The growth stimulating effect of growth hormone was determined with tetracycline as intravital marker of the longitudinal bone growth of proximal tibia in female Sprague-Dawley rats hypophysectomized at 60 days of age. After a post-operative control period of 15 days growth hormone (NIH-GH-B16) was given daily for 5 or 10 days followed by a 10 day period after its withdrawal. L-thyroxine was given in association with the growth hormone administration to potentiate the growth stimulation. A linear log dose-response relation was found for the two administration models with a high precision. The thyroxine-treatment increased the sensitivity of the bioassay. An administration period of 5 days was found sufficient for the bioassay of growth hormone in thyroxine-treated hypophysectomized rats. Compared with the earlier bioassay methods for growth hormone, the present bioassay is more favourable when all the factors, such as precision, sensitivity, specificity, and administration period are considered.

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DEVELOPMENT OF OVARIAN AUTOGRAFTS ON THE GREATER OMENTUM IN SPAYED HYPOPHYSECTOMIZED RATS AND IN CASTRATES TREATED WITH METHALLIBURE, GONADOTROPHINS AND OESTRADIOL BENZOATE

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0700167 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 167-174 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Artur Ber

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Greater Omentum ◽

Tween 20 ◽

Control Groups ◽

Complete Cessation ◽

Oestradiol Benzoate ◽

Hypophysectomized Rats ◽

Growth Promoting

ABSTRACT Hypophysectomy was performed at the same time as ovariectomy in 19 rats aged 6 weeks; in addition a fragment of the animal's own ovary was implanted into the greater omentum. The graft took but there was complete cessation of the growth of the implant and a decrease in body and uterine weights as compared to 15 ovariectomized controls of the same age killed after one month. This shows that the pituitary is indispensable for the growth of ovarian implants but not for their take. In 84 spayed rats aged 3 weeks with ovarian implants, methallibure (6 mg/day in a 0.2% solution of Tween 20) was given by gavage during one month. Some of them were treated with PMSG (20 IU/day), HCG (20 IU/day) or with oestradiol benzoate (0.05 mg/day) only or in combinations. As controls, there were 74 spayed rats with ovarian implants, seven of which received Tween 20, and 67 were untreated. No differences were found between the two control groups. Methallibure alone caused arrest of the development of the implants and uteri and a decrease in body weight. In the methallibure treated animals HCG stimulated the growth of the implant which was, however, smaller than that in the controls, while PMSG restored the weight of the implant even above that of the control rats. Oestradiol benzoate caused a further diminution in the size of the implants but augmented considerably the influence of HCG on the implants. It had no effect on the weight of the implant in rats treated with PMSG. It is concluded that FSH is the principal implant growth-promoting factor and that oestrogens appear to act in two directions. They decrease the gonadotrophin output from the pituitary thus inhibiting the growth of the implants, but in the presence of gonadotrophins they act directly on the implants, promoting their development.

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ANALYSIS OF THE BIPHASIC ACTION OF GROWTH HORMONE IN VITRO ON THE RAT DIAPHRAGM

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.057s019 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 57 (3_Suppl) ◽

pp. S19-S35 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Å. Hjalmarson

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Actinomycin D ◽

Accumulation Rate ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Bovine Growth Hormone ◽

Rat Diaphragm ◽

Dual Nature ◽

Hypophysectomized Rats ◽

D 20

ABSTRACT In vitro addition of bovine growth hormone (GH) to intact hemidiaphragms from hypophysectomized rats has previously been found to produce both an early stimulatory effect lasting for 2—3 hours and a subsequent late inhibitory effect during which the muscle is insensitive to further addition of GH (Hjalmarson 1968). These effects on the accumulation rate of α-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) and D-xylose have been further studied. In presence of actinomycin D (20 μg/ml) or puromycin (100 μg/ml) the duration of the stimulatory effect of GH (25 μg/ml) was prolonged to last for at least 4—5 hours and the late inhibitory effect was prevented. Similar results were obtained when glucose-free incubation medium was used. Preincubation of the diaphragm at different glucose concentrations (0—5 mg/ml) for 3 hours did not change the GH sensitivity. Addition of insulin at start of incubation could not prevent GH from inducing its late inhibitory effect, while dexamethasone seemed to potentiate this effect of GH. Furthermore, adrenaline was found to decrease the uptake of AIB-14C and D-xylose-14C in the diaphragm, but not to change the sensitivity of the muscle to GH. Preincubation of the diaphragm for 3 hours with puromycin in a concentration of 200 μg/ml markedly decreased the subsequent basal uptake of both AIB-14C and D-xylose-14C, in the presence of puromycin, and abolished the stimulatory effect of GH on the accumulation of AIB-14C. However, the effect of GH on the accumulation of D-xylose-14C was unchanged. The present observations are discussed and evaluated in relation to various mechanisms of GH action proposed to explain the dual nature of the hormone.

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Effect of lisuride and cyproterone acetate on the prostatic androgen receptor of hypophysectomized rats

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.111s154-a ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 113 (1_Suppl) ◽

pp. S154-S155 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

H. MOELLER ◽

TH. GOERLICH ◽

A. HAUG ◽

B. GOECKE

Keyword(s):

Androgen Receptor ◽

Cyproterone Acetate ◽

Hypophysectomized Rats

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