Ability to Obtain Blood Pressure Readings By Standard Automated Blood Pressure Monitor Helps Interpreting the Relationship Between Doppler Blood Pressure to Systolic Blood Pressure and Mean Arterial Pressure

Abstract Hierarchical linear regression (HLR) can be used to quantify the relative contribution specific cardiovascular (CV) mechanisms make to blood-pressure responses. The impact particular mechanisms exert varies depending on the nature of situational demands and the length of time these demands have been imposed. Theoretically, the determinants of blood-pressure changes may exercise their influence independently as simple effects, or they might evidence a relationship that is correlated or shared with other mechanisms. Following a procedure Lindenberger and Potter (1998) outlined, we used HLR and computations of shared versus simple effect ratios to quantify the portions of variance several cardiovascular parameters accounted for independently in mean arterial pressure (MAP) reactivity during isometric handgrip and mirror tracing. The predictor variables included heart rate (HR), total peripheral resistance (TPR), and cardiac output (CO). CV activity of 50 college-aged males was measured during adjacent 30-s periods using impedance cardiography and a Dinamap blood pressure monitor. HR reactivity predicted MAP changes during all measurement periods. However, for mirror tracing, a substantial portion of the variance in MAP accounted for by HR was shared with CO reactivity (39% for period 1; 13% for period 2). For handgrip, 5% and 20% of variance HR accounted for in MAP during periods 1 and 2, respectively, were shared with changes in TPR. CO shared trivial amounts of variance in MAP changes with HR during handgrip. Finally, CO changes were correlated with TPR changes and uncorrelated with MAP reactivity when handgrip was performed. However, adding CO to the equation improved TPR's predictive utility, suggesting that suppressor effects were present.

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Use of Granisetron for prevention of hypotension and bradycardia due to spinal anesthesia: A double blind randomised control trial

Journal of Society of Anesthesiologists of Nepal ◽

10.3126/jsan.v1i1.13587 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 36-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Battu Kumar Shrestha ◽

Subhash Prasad Acharya ◽

Moda Nath Marhatta

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Mean Arterial Pressure ◽

Arterial Pressure ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

Spinal Anaesthesia ◽

Serotonin Receptors ◽

Randomised Control Trial ◽

Saline Control ◽

Subarachnoid Block

Background: The common adverse effects of spinal anaesthesia include hypotension and bradycardia are due to sympathetic nerve blockade and activation of the Bezold-Jarisch reflex. The Bezold-Jarisch reflex in spinal anaesthesia may be mediated by peripheral 5-HT3 type serotonin receptors. We hypothesized that blockade of type 3 serotonin receptors by using intravenous Granisetron might reduce hypotension and bradycardia induced by spinal anaesthesia.Methodology: Sixty American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status I and II patients undergoing lower abdominal surgeries were randomized to receive either Normal Saline (control) or Granisetron 40 mcg/kg intravenously five minutes before subarachnoid block. Heart rates, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure was recorded every two minutes for ten minutes and then every five minutes for another twenty minutes. Hemodynamic parameters were compared with baseline in each group.Results: There was decrease in all measured variables when compared with baseline values in both groups. There was less reduction in diastolic blood pressure in Granisetron group statistically significant at 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 minutes. However, the less decrease in mean arterial pressure was statistically significant at 30 minutes only. There were no significant differences in systolic blood pressure and heart rate values between the groups.Conclusions: Granisetron given intravenously does not decrease the incidence of hypotension and bradycardia following subarachnoid block in patients undergoing lower abdominal surgery. However, it attenuates the fall of diastolic and mean arterial pressure spinal anaesthesia.Journal of Society of Anesthesiologists 2014 1(1): 36-39

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Effect of Noise on Blood Pressure and ‘Stress’ Hormones

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs0620137 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 62 (2) ◽

pp. 137-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

L. Andrén ◽

G. Lindstedt ◽

M. Björkman ◽

K. O. Borg ◽

L. Hansson

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Growth Hormone ◽

Mean Arterial Pressure ◽

Arterial Pressure ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Stress Hormones ◽

Significant Change ◽

Male Subjects ◽

Venous Plasma

1. Noise stimulation (95 dBA) for 20 min caused a significant increase in diastolic (12%, P < 0.001) and mean arterial pressure (7%, P < 0.001) in 15 healthy normotensive male subjects. 2. There was no significant change in systolic blood pressure or heart rate during exposure to noise. 3. Adrenaline, noradrenaline, prolactin, cortisol and growth hormone concentrations in venous plasma were not affected during noise stimulation.

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A randomized comparative study of preloading with Ringers lactate and intravenous Ephedrine for the prevention of hypotension due to propofol during induction of general anesthesia

Journal of Society of Anesthesiologists of Nepal ◽

10.3126/jsan.v3i1.14653 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 22-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Manisha Pradhan ◽

Brahma Dev Jha

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Mean Arterial Pressure ◽

Arterial Pressure ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

General Anesthesia ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

Endotracheal Intubation ◽

Physical Status ◽

Volume Loading

Background: The ideal method to prevent hypotension due to intravenous propofol for induction of anesthesia is still debatable. The aim of the study was to compare the hemodynamic response of ephedrine and volume loading with ringer lactate in preventing the hypotension caused by propofol as inducing agent in patients scheduled for elective surgeries requiring general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation.Methods: This was prospective randomized study conducted in 40 patients of ASA physical status I, aged 20-50 years, scheduled for elective surgeries requiring general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. Group I received intravenous ephedrine sulphate (70 mcg/kg) just before induction of anaesthesia, and patients assigned to Group II received preloading with Ringer's lactate (12 ml/kg) over the 10-15 minutes before the administration of propofol. The variables compared were heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure following induction of anesthesia till 10 minutes after intubation of trachea.Results: We found that there were increase in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure after induction in both the groups but the difference between the groups was not significant. The increase in heart rate was found to be significantly higher in ephedrine group in comparison to volume loading group.Conclusion: Our study showed that both the methods used were equally effective in preventing hypotension induced by propofol in the adult ASA physical status I patients requiring general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. However, the heart rate was significantly higher in patients receiving ephedrine in comparison to volume loading group.

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Measurement of Central Systolic Blood Pressure by Pulse Volume Plethysmography With a Noninvasive Blood Pressure Monitor

American Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1038/ajh.2011.259 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 25 (5) ◽

pp. 542-548 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Shih-Hsien Sung ◽

Hao-Min Cheng ◽

Shao-Yuan Chuang ◽

Yuan-Ta Shih ◽

Kang-Ling Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Pressure Monitor ◽

Noninvasive Blood Pressure ◽

Pressure Monitor ◽

Pulse Volume ◽

Central Systolic Blood Pressure

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The influence of different surgical procedures on hypertension after repair of coarctation

Cardiology in the Young ◽

10.1017/s1047951105001332 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 477-480 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Ugo Giordano ◽

Salvatore Giannico ◽

Attilio Turchetta ◽

Fatma Hammad ◽

Flaminia Calzolari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Cardiac Output ◽

Mean Arterial Pressure ◽

Arterial Pressure ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

Pulse Pressure ◽

Ambulatory Monitoring ◽

Peak Exercise ◽

End To End

We measured resting and exercise haemodynamics, as well as 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure, so as to study the influence on development of hypertension in children after repair of coarctation by either construction of a subclavian flap or end-to-end anastamosis. The patients in both groups were studied a mean time of 13 years after surgery. Thus, we divided 43 children who had undergone surgical repair of coarctation, and who were not on antihypertensive therapy, into a group of 22 patients who had undergone subclavian flap repair, with a mean age of 14 plus or minus 2.6 years, and another group of 21 patients undergoing end-to-end anastomosis, with a mean age of 13.5 plus or minus 3.9 years. We examined blood pressure at rest and during exercise, along with the measurement of cardiac output using impedance cardiography, and during 24-hour ambulatory monitoring. We recorded systolic and diastolic blood pressures, pulse pressure, cardiac output and total peripheral vascular resistance at rest and at peak exercise. During ambulatory monitoring, we measured mean pressures over 24 hours, in daytime and nighttime, 24-hour pulse pressure, and 24-hour mean arterial pressure. Student's t test was used to judge significance, accepting this when p was less than 0.05. The group repaired using the subclavian flap showed significantly disadvantageous differences for diastolic blood pressure at rest, systolic blood pressure at peak exercise and for 24-hour systolic and diastolic blood pressure, 24-hour mean arterial pressure, and daytime and nighttime systolic blood pressure during ambulatory monitoring. Our findings suggest that, after repair using the subclavian flap in comparison to end-to-end anastomosis, patients show a higher incidence of late hypertension, both during exercise and ambulatory monitoring. The data indicate different residual aortic stiffnesses, these being lower after end-to-end anastomosis, which may be due to the greater resection of the abnormal aortic tissue when coarctation is repaired using the latter technique.

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A single-pieced, fully air-driven, cuff-inserted pseudo-blood pressure generator for on-site pre-screening test of non-invasive blood pressure monitor by nurses

BioMedical Engineering OnLine ◽

10.1186/s12938-019-0719-1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Young Jun Hwang ◽

Gun Ho Kim ◽

Sung Uk Yun ◽

Kyoung Won Nam

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Large Scale ◽

Blood Pressure Monitor ◽

Pressure Monitor ◽

Average Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Proposed Model ◽

Blood Pressure Monitors ◽

Pressure Generator

Abstract Background It is crucial to frequently inspect the proper operation of non-invasive electronic blood pressure monitors in various sites to prevent accidents from inaccurate blood pressure measurements, especially for large-scale hospitals. However, most conventional blood pressure monitor inspection devices are not suitable for such on-site investigation purpose. In this study, we propose a new single-pieced, fully air-driven pseudo blood pressure generator that is suitable for frequent on-site pre-screening tests of the blood pressure monitor by nurses. Results The proposed model comprises a rigid cylindrical body, two simulated brachial arteries, two air-pumps, an electronic controller, and a pressure sensor. Control algorithm based on polynomial curve fitting was implemented to generate various user-instructed systolic blood pressure and heart-rate conditions automatically. To evaluate the performance and clinical feasibility of the proposed model, various experiments were performed using ten commercial electronic blood pressure monitors. Experimental results demonstrated that the values of the Pearson coefficient between the reference pseudo-blood pressure waveforms and the actually generated pressure waveforms were 0.983, 0.983 and 0.997 at 60, 70 and 80 beats/min, respectively (p < 0.05). Besides, during the experiments using ten commercial blood pressure monitors, the maximum error in average systolic blood pressure was 2.9 mmHg, the maximum standard deviation in average systolic blood pressure was 3.5 mmHg, and the maximum percentage error in average pumping rate was 3.2%, respectively. Conclusions We expect that the proposed model can give an easy and comprehensive way for frequent on-site investigations of the blood pressure monitors by nurses, and improve the safety of patients with abnormal blood pressure, especially in most large-scale hospitals.

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