Key technology development needs and applicability analysis of renewable energy hybrid technologies in off-grid areas for the Rwanda power sector

Fossil fuels have been the mainstream of energy supply and a major source of foreign exchange earnings for the Federal Government of Nigeria, in spite of being an unrenewable and unsustainable source of energy. Nigeria is yet to tap into the full benefits after privatising its power sector, including the new global evolution in the energy sector and the resulting increasing demand for renewable energy sources, which some consider to be cheaper and more environmentally friendly than fossil fuels and their allied products. Energy security is a challenge to socio-economic development in Nigeria, due to the country’s over-dependency on fossil fuels. In terms of their impact and the potentials to preserve energy sources for longevity and sustainability, however, fossil fuels will come to be seen as an out-dated alternative in the power sector as the energy industry evolves. The implications for Nigeria’s oil sector will not be limited to dwindling crude oil prices. The concerns include poor energy utilisation in Nigeria and the need to promote energy efficiency and sustainability. They have led to the formulation of new energy policies around the world to serve as a vehicle for translating solutions into reality. This study has adopted a library-based legal research method with a comparative approach. The study reveals that it is the lack of a coherent legal framework with incentives for using renewable energy that is largely seen as the key issue causing slow uptake of renewable energy as an alternative source of energy in Nigeria. As well as the need for a coherent legal framework on energy and incentives for using renewable energy sources, the study advocates stringent enforcement of existing energy regulatory policies.

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Key Technology Development Priorities for the Oil Refinery Sector in Russia

Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry ◽

10.1134/s1070427220090025 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 93 (9) ◽

pp. 1314-1325

Author(s):

O. V. Zhdaneev ◽

V. V. Korenev ◽

A. S. Rubtsov

Keyword(s):

Technology Development ◽

Oil Refinery ◽

Key Technology

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Coupling of Power and Heating Sector – Opportunity for Heating Sector Development

10.7250/9789934226632 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Armands Grāvelsiņš

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Renewable Energy ◽

System Dynamics ◽

System Development ◽

Heating System ◽

System Dynamics Model ◽

Dynamics Model ◽

Power Sector ◽

National Scale ◽

Energy Share

European Union has set ambitious decarbonization goals under Green Deal, therefore, Latvia needs to search for solutions on how to move towards reaching the said goals. Although renewable energy share in Latvia is one of the highest among the European Union countries, it is mostly due to historic heritage, not as the result of implementing meaningful policies. Essential high renewable energy share in power sector comes from three large hydroelectric stations on Daugava, which is heritage from the Soviet Union times. Steady increase in renewable energy share can be observed in District Heating, however it is based on increased utilization of biomass, and that most likely is not a sustainable solution. Considering that bioeconomy will experience significant growth in the future, utilization of wood resource for production of products with low added value will steadily phase out. For energy sector it means the necessity to look for other alternatives to replace fossil fuels. If in other European countries (Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Lithuania, Estonia, et al.) solar and wind technology capacity have significantly increased over last decade, in Latvia this increase is negligible. Only in the last few years significant increase in installed solar capacities can be observed, but total capacity is still low. Latvia needs to seek solutions on how to increase the introduction rate of renewable energy technologies in order to move towards carbon neutrality in 2050. The aim of the Thesis is to develop a comprehensive system dynamics model which can be used to analyze energy sector at both national and local scale. It should include both heating and power sectors and be able to evaluate the possibility of sector coupling and its influence on the total system. Specific objectives are set to reach the aim: to develop a system dynamics model structure for heating system development; to analyze the heating system at local and national scale; to assess the importance of power sector flexibility on system development; to implement the elements of sector coupling in energy system; to analyze sector coupling as a flexibility increase measure for national scale and local systems.

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The dynamics of Indian energy mix: a two-phase analysis

Benchmarking An International Journal ◽

10.1108/bij-10-2020-0557 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Amit Prakash Jha ◽

Sanjay Kumar Singh

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Phase Analysis ◽

Electricity Consumption ◽

Second Phase ◽

Power Sector ◽

Renewable Sources ◽

Content Type ◽

Energy Mix ◽

Per Capita ◽

Indian Power Sector

PurposeThe Indian power sector is dominated by coal. Environmental awareness and advances in techno-economic front have led to a slow but steady shift towards greener alternatives. The distributions of both fossil fuel resources and renewable energy potential are not uniform across the states. Paper attempts to answer how the states are performing in the sector and how the renewable energy and conventional resources are affecting the dynamics.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employ a two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) to rank the performance of Indian states in the power sector. Multi-stage analysis opens up the DEA black-box through disaggregating power sector in two logical sub-sectors. The performance is evaluated from the point-of-view of policy formulating and implementing agencies. Further, an econometric analysis using seemingly unrelated regression equations (SURE) is conducted to estimate the determinants of total and industrial per-capita electricity consumption.FindingsEfficiency scores obtained from the first phase of analysis happens to be a significant explanatory variable for power consumption. The growth in electricity consumption, which is necessary for economic wellbeing, is positively affected by both renewable and non-renewable sources; but conventional sources have a larger impact on per-capita consumption. Yet, the share of renewables in the energy mix has positive elasticity. Hence, the findings are encouraging, because development in storage technologies, falling costs and policy interventions are poised to give further impetus to renewable sources.Originality/valueThe study is one of the very few where entire spectrum of the Indian power sector is evaluated from efficiency perspective. Further, the second phase analysis gives additional relevant insights on the sector.

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Catalysis for CO2 conversion: a key technology for rapid introduction of renewable energy in the value chain of chemical industries

Energy & Environmental Science ◽

10.1039/c3ee00056g ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

pp. 1711 ◽

Cited By ~ 666

Author(s):

Gabriele Centi ◽

Elsje Alessandra Quadrelli ◽

Siglinda Perathoner

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Value Chain ◽

Co2 Conversion ◽

Key Technology

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Study of the Fourth-Generation Communication Technology Standards in Internet of Things

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.2498 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 433-440 ◽

pp. 2498-2503

Author(s):

Quan Bo Yuan ◽

Feng Juan Qu ◽

Hui Zhao ◽

Li Yuan Liu

Keyword(s):

Internet Of Things ◽

Communication Technology ◽

Technology Development ◽

Fourth Generation ◽

Communications Technology ◽

Third Generation ◽

Technology Standards ◽

Network Development ◽

Key Technology ◽

Internet Of Things Technology

At present,Chinese third-generation communications technology (3G) has been applied, and global internet of things technology development has been put on the agenda. The fourth-generation communication technology will be discussed based on the wireless communication field, mainly introducing the development situation of fourth-generation communication system. In the paper, the key technology will be discussed in detail, and is involved in domestic network development. Finally, the fourth-generation communication technology in the network is prospected.

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