Rural non-farm income diversification: implications on smallholder farmers' welfare and agricultural technology adoption in Ghana

Despite the increase in area under coffee in Kenya in the last decade, productivity has been on the decline. Numerous production technologies have been developed through on-station research but there has been limited on-farm research to assess the impact of these technologies at the farm level. On the other hand, smallholder farmers are endowed differently and this would positively or negatively affect the adoption of recommended technologies and hence coffee productivity. This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of socioeconomic factors and technology adoption on smallholder coffee productivity at the farm level. The study employed stratified random sampling where 376 farmers were randomly sampled from six cooperative societies which had been preselected using probability proportional to the size sampling technique. The effects of socioeconomic factors and technology adoption on coffee productivity were analyzed using the stochastic Cobb-Douglas production function. The study revealed that off-farm income, access to credit, type of land tenure, and land size had significant positive effects on coffee productivity. Therefore, coffee farmers should be encouraged to diversify their income sources and to embrace credit financing, as the government reviews land use policies to avail adequate agricultural land. The study further revealed that the adoption of recommended application rates of manure, fungicides, and pesticides had significant positive effects on coffee productivity. The adoption of these technologies should therefore be enhanced among small-scale farmers to improve coffee productivity at the farm level.

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Small-scale Farming, Agricultural Productivity and Poverty Reduction in Nigeria: The Enabling Role of Agricultural Technology Adoption

Journal of Agriculture and Ecology Research International ◽

10.9734/jaeri/2019/v19i130074 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Ojo Olusayo ◽

Ogunniyi Adebayo ◽

Salman K. Kayode ◽

Kehinde Olagunju ◽

Iwinlade Ayodeji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Technology Adoption ◽

Poverty Reduction ◽

Smallholder Farmers ◽

Agricultural Productivity ◽

Household Head ◽

Poverty Line ◽

Average Treatment Effect ◽

Agricultural Technology ◽

Small Scale ◽

International Institute

Existing literature affirms the importance of agricultural technology adoption on productivity, income and livelihood outcomes. Evidences subsist on the adoption of improved cassava varieties (ICVs) in Nigeria but little is known about its impact among the farmers. We used data from a survey conducted by International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) to explore this research gap. Propensity Score Matching and Heckman’s two-stage model were the analytical tools. Given an estimated poverty line of (₦21717.53); 52.0% of the farmers were poor. We found that 75.6% of the respondents are adopters of ICVs. Primary occupation of household head and total non-production asset of farmers were key determinants for adoption. Adoption of improved cassava variety has positive effect on farmers’ productivity and poverty reduction. The Average Treatment Effect on the Treated (ATT) for productivity increased by 70 percent among ICVs farmers. Income was also higher among the adopters than the non- adopters by ₦43463.77. In the same vein, the income of the adopters increased by 17%. Furthermore, adopters of ICVs have the probability of reducing poverty headcount by 20%. The empirical results suggest that improved agricultural innovation adoption can play a key role in strengthening and impacting agricultural productivity of smallholder farmers for increased income generation and food security.

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Agricultural technology adoption and its impact on smallholder farmers welfare in Ethiopia

African Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.5897/ajar2019.14302 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 431-445

Author(s):

Ayenew Workineh ◽

Lakew Tayech ◽

Haile Kristos Ehite

Keyword(s):

Technology Adoption ◽

Smallholder Farmers ◽

Agricultural Technology

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Determinants of Agricultural Technology Adoption by Smallholder Farmers in Developing Countries: Perspective and Prospect for Indonesia

Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian ◽

10.21082/jp3.v40n1.2021.p21-30 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 21

Author(s):

Suprehatin - Suprehatin

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Technology Adoption ◽

New Technologies ◽

Smallholder Farmers ◽

Agricultural Technology ◽

Smallholder Farmer ◽

Agricultural Technologies ◽

Adoption Decision ◽

Determinant Factors ◽

Farmer Adoption

The role of agricultural technology is important in developing countries. However, in many cases the adoption rate of modern agricultural technology by smallholder farmers is low. Therefore, a better understanding of agricultural technology adoption determinants is important as a major component of agricultural growth. This paper is a review and synthesize of the literature related to potential factors that may constrain or encourage smallholder farmer adoption of new agricultural technologies. The determinant factors influencing smallholder farmer adoption of new technologies in developing countries vary from study to study based on contextual applicability and specific local condition. There are four major typologies of determinant factors are identified to help explain low adoption rates of particular agricultural technology in developing countries which are technology attributes, farmer or farm household characteristics, farm characteristics and institutional factors. Future policy recommendations on adoption decision should consider all those four important factors to provide better understanding of new agricultural technology adoption by smallholder farmers, resulting in improved livelihoods for smallholders.Keywords: Agricultural, technology, adoption, farmer AbstrakDETERMINAN ADOPSI TEKNOLOGI PERTANIAN OLEH PETANI KECIL DI NEGARA BERKEMBANG: PERSPEKTIF DAN PROSPEK UNTUK INDONESIAPeran teknologi pertanian sangat penting di negara berkembang. Meskipun demikian, tingkat adopsi teknologi pertanian baru oleh petani kecil masih rendah. Oleh karena itu, pemahaman terhadap faktor-faktor yang menentukan keputusan petani dalam mengadopsi teknologi sangat penting untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan sektor pertanian. Tulisan ini adalah hasil sintesis terhadap beberapa literatur ilmiah yang berkaitan dengan faktor penghambat atau pendorong petani kecil dalam mengadopsi teknologi pertanian. Faktor yang memengaruhi petani kecil mengadopsi teknologi pertanian di negara berkembang berbeda antarstudi berdasarkan kebutuhan dan kondisi lokal tertentu. Empat kelompok utama faktor penentu yang dapat menjelaskan rendahnya adopsi teknologi di negara berkembang yaitu atribut teknologi, karakteristik petani, usaha tani, dan faktor kelembagaan. Rekomendasi kebijakan terkait keputusan adopsi teknologi seharusnya mempertimbangkan keempat kelompok faktor tersebut untuk dapat memahami lebih baik adopsi teknologi baru oleh petani kecil guna meningkatkan kesejahteraannya.Kata kunci: Pertanian, teknologi, adopsi, petani

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Determinants of Off-Farm Income among Smallholder Rice Farmers in Northern Ghana: Application of a Double-Hurdle Model

Advances in Agriculture ◽

10.1155/2019/7246176 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Benjamin Tetteh Anang ◽

Richard W. N. Yeboah

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Smallholder Farmers ◽

Northern Ghana ◽

Farm Income ◽

Hurdle Model ◽

Income Diversification ◽

Farm Work ◽

Double Hurdle Model ◽

Rice Farmers ◽

Double Hurdle

Income diversification by farm households has gained the attention of researchers and policy makers due to its commonness especially in developing countries. This study sought to empirically investigate the determinants of off-farm income among smallholder farmers in northern Ghana using a sample of 300 rice farmers. A double-hurdle model was used to determine the factors influencing participation in off-farm work as well as the predictors of actual amounts earned from working outside the farm. The results revealed that gender, farming experience, years of education, and access to credit are the factors determining participation in off-farm work while farming experience, years of education, and geographical location are the determinants of income from off-farm work. The paper concludes that measures to enhance rural income diversification will spur the rural economy and these measures should seek to address the problem of low level of formal education in rural areas.

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Harnessing the Private Sector for Agricultural Technology Adoption: A Case Study of Agro-Dealers in Chotila, India

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3412982 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Fenella Carpena

Keyword(s):

Technology Adoption ◽

Private Sector ◽

Agricultural Technology

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Adoption of improved agricultural technology and its impact on household income: a propensity score matching estimation in eastern Ethiopia

Agriculture & Food Security ◽

10.1186/s40066-020-00278-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Muluken G. Wordofa ◽

Jemal Y. Hassen ◽

Getachew S. Endris ◽

Chanyalew S. Aweke ◽

Dereje K. Moges ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Propensity Score ◽

Propensity Score Matching ◽

Technology Use ◽

Household Income ◽

Agricultural Technology ◽

Primary Data ◽

Farm Income ◽

Agricultural Technologies ◽

Eastern Ethiopia ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Adoption of improved agricultural technologies remains to be a promising strategy to achieve food security and poverty reduction in many developing countries. However, there are limited rigorous impact evaluations on the contributions of such technologies on household welfare. This paper investigates the impact of improved agricultural technology use on farm household income in eastern Ethiopia. Methods Primary data for the study was obtained from a random sample of 248 rural households, 119 of which are improved technology users and the rest are non-users. The research employed the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) procedure to establish the causal relationship between adoption of improved crop and livestock technologies and changes in farm income. Results Results from the econometric analysis show that households using improved agricultural technologies had, on average, 23,031.28 Birr (Birr is the official currency of Ethiopia. The exchange rate according to the National Bank of Ethiopia (NBE) was 1 USD = 27.6017 Birr on 04 October 2018.) higher annual farm income compared to those households not using such technologies. Our findings highlight the importance of promoting multiple and complementary agricultural technologies among rural smallholders. Conclusions We suggest that rural technology generation, dissemination and adoption interventions be strengthened. Moreover, the linkage among research, extension, universities and farmers needs to be enhanced through facilitating a multistakeholders innovation platforms.

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