scholarly journals Trends of unsuccessful treatment outcomes and associated factors among Tuberculosis Patients in public hospitals of Bale Zone, Southeast Ethiopia: A 5-year retrospective study

Heliyon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. e07982
Author(s):  
Demisu Zenbaba ◽  
Mitiku Bonsa ◽  
Biniyam Sahiledengle
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Unsuccessful Treatment ◽  
Southeast Ethiopia ◽  
Bale Zone

scholarly journals Treatment outcomes of tuberculosis patients and associated factors in Bale Zone, Southeast Ethiopia: a retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 030006052098491
Author(s):  
Bedasa Woldemichael ◽  
Jiregna Darega ◽  
Nagasa Dida ◽  
Tamiru Tesfaye
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Southeast Ethiopia ◽  
Bale Zone

Objective This study assessed the outcome of tuberculosis treatment and associated factors in Bale Zone, Southeast Ethiopia in 2017. Methods This was 5-year retrospective study of a health registry for tuberculosis patients, which was reviewed from 1 September 2011 to 30 August 2016. Data were analyzed, and descriptive and logistic regression analyses were used to identify the factors that were associated with tuberculosis treatment outcomes. Results Among the 7205 tuberculosis patients, 6325 (87.8%) had a successful treatment outcome and 880 (12.2%) had an unsuccessful outcome. The age groups ≤14 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=2.21), 15 to 24 years (AOR=1.61), 25 to 34 years (AOR=1.86), or 35 to 44 years (AOR=1.65); being treated at a hospital (AOR=1.63) or health center (AOR=2.52); pulmonary tuberculosis-positive (AOR=0.80); or extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients (AOR= 0.78) were the factors that were significantly associated with tuberculosis treatment outcome. Conclusions Public health facilities should pay special attention to the identified variables for tuberculosis prevention and control activities, especially focusing on supporting health workers who work at a health post (lowest level of Ethiopia’s three-tiered healthcare system).

scholarly journals Treatment Outcome of Tuberculosis and Associated Factors among TB-HIV Co-Infected Patients at Public Hospitals of Harar Town, Eastern Ethiopia. A five-year retrospective study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Assefa Tola ◽  
Kirubel Minsamo Mishore ◽  
Yohanes Ayele ◽  
Abraham Nigussie Mekuria ◽  
Nanati Legese
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Poor Treatment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lost To Follow Up

Abstract Background The bidirectional relationship between the twin epidemics of Tuberculosis (TB) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) causes major global health challenges in the twenty-first century. TB-HIV co-infected people are facing multifaceted problems like high lost to follow up rates, poor treatment adherence, high TB recurrence rate, and high mortality risk. Our objective was to assess the outcomes of TB treatment and associated factors among TB-HIV co-infected patients in Harar town, Eastern part of Ethiopia, 2018. Methods A retrospective study was conducted among systematically selected 349 TB/HIV co-infected patients who registered from 2012 to 2017 in two public hospitals in Harar town. The data were collected through document review by using a pre-tested structured data extraction checklist. The data were analyzed using SPSS Version 21. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were determined at 95% confidence intervals. Results Among the 349 TB/HIV co-infected patients included in the study, 30.1% were cured, 56.7% had completed their treatment, 7.7% died, 1.7% were lost to follow up, and 3.7% were treatment failure. Overall, 86.8% of the TB-HIV co-infected patients had successful TB treatment outcomes. The patients who were on re-treatment category (AOR = 2.91, 95% CI: 1.17–7.28), who had a history of opportunistic infection (AOR = 3.68, 95% CI: 1.62–8.33), and who did not take co-trimoxazole prophylaxis (AOR = 3.54, 95% CI: 1.59–7.89) had 2.91, 3.68, and 3.54 times higher odds of having unsuccessful TB treatment outcome than their counterparties, respectively. The chance of unsuccessful TB treatment outcome was 4.46 (95% CI: 1.24–16.02), 5.94 (95% CI: 1.87–18.85), and 3.01 (95% CI: 1.15–7.91) times higher among TB/HIV patients in stage 2, 3 and 4 than those in stage 1, respectively. Conclusions The overall rate of the success of the TB treatment among TB-HIV co-infected patients in this study was higher compared with many previous studies. TB/HIV patients with a history of previous TB treatment, smear-positive pulmonary TB, late HIV stage, history of opportunistic infection and not being on co-trimoxazole prophylaxis therapy were at a high risk of getting poor treatment outcomes.

scholarly journals Utilization of skilled birth attendant at birth and associated factors among women who gave birth in the last 24 months preceding the survey in Gura Dhamole Woreda, Bale zone, southeast Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gizachew Sime Ayele ◽  
Abulie Takele Melku ◽  
Semere Sileshi Belda
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Skilled Birth Attendant ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Birth Preparedness ◽  
Complication Readiness ◽  
Danger Signs ◽  
Birth Attendance ◽  
Southeast Ethiopia ◽  
Bale Zone

Abstract Background Maternal morbidity and mortality continued to be major issues in many countries. Globally a total of 10.7 million women have died between 1990 and 2015 due to maternal causes where sub-Saharan Africa alone accounts for 66% of maternal death. Since most maternal deaths are avoidable; skilled attendance during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum is among the most critical interventions for improving maternal and neonatal survival. The study aimed to assess the magnitude and associated factors of utilization of skilled birth attendant at birth among women who gave birth in the last 24 months preceding the study in Gura Dhamole Woreda, Bale Zone Southeast Ethiopia, 2017. Methods Community based cross-sectional study was implemented from March 25 to April 24, 2017 in Gura Dhamole Woreda on total of 402 study subjects who were selected by Multi-stage sampling technique. The data were collected using pre-tested structured questionnaire and data was coded, entered, cleaned and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Service (SPSS) Version 20. Odds ratio with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was used to assess associations the dependent and independent variables. Logistic regression model was employed to identify independent predictors and variables were declared statistically significant at P value < 0.05. Result In this study only 29.2% of women were assisted by Skilled Birth Attendance (SBA) during their child birth. Place of residence, mother education, travel time, joint decision on the place of delivery, ANC visit frequency, birth preparedness and complication readiness status, knowledge on obstetric danger signs after delivery and knowledge of presence of maternity waiting homes were significantly associated with SBA utilization. Conclusion Skilled birth attendant utilization in the study area was low. Strategies that improve attendance of antenatal care utilization and attention to birth preparedness and complication readiness and counseling on danger signs are recommended.

scholarly journals Profile, Outcomes, and Determinants of Unsuccessful Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes among HIV-Infected Tuberculosis Patients in a Nigerian State

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Chukwunweolu Oshi ◽  
Sarah Nakalema Oshi ◽  
Isaac Alobu ◽  
Kingsley Nnanna Ukwaja
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Public Facility ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Treatment Services ◽  
Hiv Coinfection ◽  
Unsuccessful Treatment ◽  
Cohort Study Design

Background. Few studies have evaluated the rate of tuberculosis (TB)/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection and the determinants of its treatment outcomes in Africa. We aimed to determine the predictors of unsuccessful treatment outcomes in HIV-infected tuberculosis patients in Nigeria.Methods. A retrospective cohort study design was used to assess adult TB/HIV patients who registered for TB treatment in two health facilities in Ebonyi State, Southeast Nigeria, between January 2011 and December 2012. Predictors of unsuccessful treatment outcomes were determined using multivariable logistic regression analysis.Results. Of 1668 TB patients, 342 (20.5%) were HIV coinfected. Of these, 195 (57%) had smear-negative pulmonary TB and 11 (3.2%) had extrapulmonary TB. Overall, 225 (65.8%) patients achieved successful outcomes, while 117 (34.2%) had unsuccessful outcomes. The unsuccessful treatment outcomes were due to “default” (9.9%), “death” (19%), “treatment failure” (1.5%), and “transferring out” (3.8%). Independent determinants for unsuccessful outcomes were receiving care at a public facility and noninitiation of antiretroviral therapy.Conclusion. There is need for the reevaluation of the quality of public sector treatment services provided for TB/HIV patients as well as further expansion of TB/HIV collaborative activities in rural areas, and interventions to reduce mortality and default rates among TB/HIV patients are urgently needed in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of tuberculosis and treatment outcomes among children in Pakistan: a 5 year retrospective study

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeeha Laghari ◽  
Syed Azhar Syed Sulaiman ◽  
Amer Hayat Khan ◽  
Naheed Memon
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Unsuccessful Treatment ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Group 2

Background Regardless of the advancement in medical technologies, the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in children has remained a challenge. Childhood TB is rampant and an important cause of morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to determine the trend of TB and treatment outcomes in children aged ≤14 years registered for TB treatment under DOTS course in three districts of Sindh, Pakistan. Methods For this retrospective study, records of TB children (≤14 years) registered for the treatment of TB from January 2011 to December 2015 in three districts of Pakistan, were collected. Demographic data, baseline weight, clinical manifestations, radiography, histopathology results and treatment outcomes were collected from TB unit registers. Results A total of 2,167 children were treated for TB during the study period. Of these, 1,199 (55.3%) were females and 1,242 (57.3%) were from urban areas. Over three-quarter of patients (76.9%) had pulmonary TB with 13.3% of sputum smear positive cases. The overall treatment success rate was 92.4%. In multivariate analysis, rural residents (OR: 2.146, p < 0.001), sputum smear positive cases (OR: 3.409, p < 0.001) and re-treated patients (OR: 5.919, p < 0.001), were significantly associated with unsuccessful treatment outcomes. However, age group ≤2 years, male and those who were underweight were found to have the highest risk of pulmonary tuberculosis (OR: 1.953, p < 0.001; OR: 1.262, p = 0.028; OR: 1.342, p = 0.008), respectively. Conclusion Patients at risk of treatment failure must be given particular attention. Moreover, strategies are needed to further improve the diagnosis and treatment of TB among children and improve the recording system.

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