Profile, Outcomes, and Determinants of Unsuccessful Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes among HIV-Infected Tuberculosis Patients in a Nigerian State

Background. Few studies have evaluated the rate of tuberculosis (TB)/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection and the determinants of its treatment outcomes in Africa. We aimed to determine the predictors of unsuccessful treatment outcomes in HIV-infected tuberculosis patients in Nigeria.Methods. A retrospective cohort study design was used to assess adult TB/HIV patients who registered for TB treatment in two health facilities in Ebonyi State, Southeast Nigeria, between January 2011 and December 2012. Predictors of unsuccessful treatment outcomes were determined using multivariable logistic regression analysis.Results. Of 1668 TB patients, 342 (20.5%) were HIV coinfected. Of these, 195 (57%) had smear-negative pulmonary TB and 11 (3.2%) had extrapulmonary TB. Overall, 225 (65.8%) patients achieved successful outcomes, while 117 (34.2%) had unsuccessful outcomes. The unsuccessful treatment outcomes were due to “default” (9.9%), “death” (19%), “treatment failure” (1.5%), and “transferring out” (3.8%). Independent determinants for unsuccessful outcomes were receiving care at a public facility and noninitiation of antiretroviral therapy.Conclusion. There is need for the reevaluation of the quality of public sector treatment services provided for TB/HIV patients as well as further expansion of TB/HIV collaborative activities in rural areas, and interventions to reduce mortality and default rates among TB/HIV patients are urgently needed in Nigeria.

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Factors Associated with Unsuccessful Treatment of Tuberculosis in Arsi-Robe Hospital, Arsi Zone, Ethiopia: A Retrospective Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-151177/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Addisu Assefa ◽

Ararsa Girma ◽

Helmut Kloos

Keyword(s):

Treatment Outcome ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Treatment Success ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Eastern Ethiopia ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Unsuccessful Treatment

Abstract Background: Tuberculosis remains a major global health problem and ranks along with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as a leading cause of mortality worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the treatment outcome of tuberculosis, and factors associated with treatment outcome of tuberculosis in TB patients enrolled in Arsi-Robe Hospital, Oromia regional state, South eastern Ethiopia between January 2013 to December 2017. Methods: An Institutional-based retrospective study was conducted in Arsi-Robe Hospital from 2013 to 2017 in study patients who had all forms of TB in DOTS clinic. The predictors of treatment outcomes were analyzed through bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis and a P-value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Out of the 257 registered TB patients, most of them were males (57.9%), from rural areas (62.6%) and in age of 15-24 category (39.3%). PTB-, PTB+ and EPTB were recorded in 48.2%, 32% and 19.8% of the patients, respectively. Among all cases, 8.6% had TB-HIV co-infection. Among all TB cases, 84.0% had successful treatment outcome. TB patients from urban areas (AOR: 3.34, 95% CI: 1.338.38, P = 0.01), with failure treatment (AOR: 6.66, 95% CI = 1.12- 39.57; P = 0.037) and HIV positive (AOR: 4.92, 95% CI = 1.38-17.51; P = 0.014) had higher odd of unsuccessful treatment outcome of tuberculosis. However, TB patients with PTB+ (AOR: 0.1470, 95% CI = 0.031-0.687; P = 0.015) and EPTB (AOR: 0.194, 95% CI = 0.054-0.688; P = 0.011) had significantly lesser odd of unsuccessful treatment outcome. Conclusions: Being urban resident, treatment failure and HIV positive considerably challenge the treatment outcome of tuberculosis, but being PTB+ and EPTB were associated with higher treatment success rate of TB. Continuous follow-up of patients with unsuccessful treatment outcome of tuberculosis with strengthened implementation of the DOTs strategies are suggested. Trial Registered: retrospectively registered

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Trends of unsuccessful treatment outcomes and associated factors among Tuberculosis Patients in public hospitals of Bale Zone, Southeast Ethiopia: A 5-year retrospective study

Heliyon ◽

10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07982 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. e07982

Author(s):

Demisu Zenbaba ◽

Mitiku Bonsa ◽

Biniyam Sahiledengle

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Treatment Outcomes ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Public Hospitals ◽

Tuberculosis Patients ◽

Unsuccessful Treatment ◽

Southeast Ethiopia ◽

Bale Zone

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Determinants of unsuccessful treatment outcomes and mortality among tuberculosis patients in Malaysia: A registry-based cohort study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0231986 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. e0231986 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Peter Seah Keng Tok ◽

Su May Liew ◽

Li Ping Wong ◽

Asmah Razali ◽

Tharani Loganathan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Treatment Outcomes ◽

Tuberculosis Patients ◽

Unsuccessful Treatment

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Status and Determinants of Treatment Outcomes Among New Tuberculosis Patients in South Korea: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/10105395211000529 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 101053952110005

Author(s):

Hyunjin Son ◽

Jeongha Mok ◽

Miyoung Lee ◽

Wonseo Park ◽

Seungjin Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

South Korea ◽

Success Rate ◽

Treatment Outcomes ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Health Care Facilities ◽

Tuberculosis Patients ◽

Lost To Follow Up

This is a retrospective cohort study using notification data in South Korea. We evaluated the nationwide status, regional differences, and the determinants of treatment outcomes among tuberculosis patients. Treatment success rate improved from 77.0% in 2012 to 86.0% in 2015. The lost to follow-up rate was higher among older people, males, and foreign nationals. Health care facilities designated for the Public-Private Mix (PPM) project showed higher success rate and lower rate of lost to follow-up. Moreover, municipalities with low regional deprivation index had higher PPM project coverage. Since there is a large regional difference in the coverage of the PPM project, an additional community-based support program should be implemented, especially for tuberculosis patients residing in region with low PPM project coverage.

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A peer adherence support intervention to improve the antiretroviral treatment outcomes of HIV patients in South Africa: The moderating role of family dynamics

Social Science & Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.05.020 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 113 ◽

pp. 145-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Edwin Wouters ◽

Caroline Masquillier ◽

Koen Ponnet ◽

Frederik le Roux Booysen

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Treatment Outcomes ◽

Family Dynamics ◽

Antiretroviral Treatment ◽

Hiv Patients ◽

Support Intervention ◽

Adherence Support ◽

Moderating Role

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Predictors of iron consumption for at least 90 days during pregnancy: Findings from National Demographic Health Survey, Pakistan (2017–2018)

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-021-03825-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sumera Aziz Ali ◽

Savera Aziz Ali ◽

Shama Razzaq ◽

Nayab Khowaja ◽

Sarah Gutkind ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Survey ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Iron Supplementation ◽

Wealth Index ◽

Prevalence Ratio ◽

Deficiency Anemia ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Demographic Health Survey ◽

Sampling Weights ◽

The Government

Abstract Background Iron supplementation is considered an imperative strategy for anemia prevention and control during pregnancy in Pakistan. Although there is some evidence on the predictors of iron deficiency anemia among Pakistani women, there is a very limited understanding of factors associated with iron consumption among Pakistani pregnant women. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the predictors of iron consumption for at least ≥90 days during pregnancy in Pakistan. Methods We analyzed dataset from the nationally representative Pakistan Demographic Health Survey 2017–2018. The primary outcome of the current study was the consumption of iron supplementation for ≥90 days during the pregnancy of the last birth. Women who had last childbirth 5 years before the survey and who responded to the question of iron intake were included in the final analysis (n = 6370). We analyzed the data that accounted for complex sampling design by including clusters, strata, and sampling weights. Results Around 30% of the women reported consumed iron tablets for ≥90 days during their last pregnancy. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, we found that factors such as women’s age (≥ 25 years) (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) = 1.52; 95% CI: 1.42–1.62)], wealth index (rich/richest) (aPR = 1.25; [95% CI: 1.18–1.33]), primary education (aPR = 1.33; [95% CI: 1.24–1.43), secondary education (aPR = 1.34; [95% CI: 1.26–1.43), higher education (aPR = 2.13; [95% CI: 1.97–2.30), women’s say in choosing husband (aPR = 1.68; [95% CI: 1.57–1.80]), ≥ five antenatal care visits (aPR =2.65; [95% CI (2.43–2.89]), history of the last Caesarian-section (aPR = 1.29; [95% CI: 1.23–1.36]) were significantly associated with iron consumption for ≥90 days. Conclusion These findings demonstrate complex predictors of iron consumption during pregnancy in Pakistan. There is a need to increase the number of ANC visits and the government should take necessary steps to improve access to iron supplements by targeting disadvantaged and vulnerable women who are younger, less educated, poor, and living in rural areas.

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