scholarly journals Safe Water Supply Challenges for Hand Hygiene in the Prevention of COVID-19 in Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People's Region (SNNPR), Ethiopia

Heliyon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. e08430
Author(s):  
Mekonnen Birhanie Aregu ◽  
Girum Gebremeskel Kanno ◽  
Zemachu Ashuro ◽  
Awash Alembo ◽  
Addisu Alemayehu
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Safe Water

Prevalence and clustering of diarrhoea within households in India: some evidence from NFHS-4, 2015–16

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bevin Vijayan ◽  
Mala Ramanathan
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Diarrhoeal Disease ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Improved Sanitation ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Water Supply And Sanitation

AbstractDiarrhoeal disease is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in children and is usually measured at individual level. Shared household attributes, such as improved water supply and sanitation, expose those living in the same household to these same risk factors for diarrhoea. The occurrence of diarrhoea in two or more children in the same household is termed ‘diarrhoea clustering’. The aim of this study was to examine the role of improved water supply and sanitation in the occurrence of diarrhoea, and the clustering of diarrhoea in households, among under-five children in India. Data were taken from the fourth round of the National Family and Health Survey (NFHS-4), a nationally representative survey which interviewed 699,686 women from 601,509 households in the country. If any child was reported to have diarrhoea in a household in the 2 weeks preceding the survey, the household was designated a diarrhoeal household. Household clustering of diarrhoea was defined the occurrence of diarrhoea in more than one child in households with two or more children. The analysis was done at the household level separately for diarrhoeal households and clustering of diarrhoea in households. The presence of clustering was tested using a chi-squared test. The overall prevalences of diarrhoea and clustering of diarrhoea were examined using exogenous variables. Odds ratios, standardized to allow comparison across categories, were computed. The household prevalence of diarrhoea was 12% and that of clustering of diarrhoea was 2.4%. About 6.5% of households contributed 12.6% of the total diarrhoeal cases. Access to safe water and sanitation was shown to have a great impact on reducing diarrhoeal prevalence and clustering across different household groups. Safe water alone had a greater impact on reducing the prevalence in the absence of improved sanitation when compared with the presence of improved sanitation. It may be possible to reduce the prevalence of diarrhoea in households by targeting those households with more than one child in the under-five age group with the provision of safe water and improved sanitation.

Remediation of inorganic arsenic in groundwater for safe water supply: A critical assessment of technological solutions

Chemosphere ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Mondal ◽  
Subhamoy Bhowmick ◽  
Debashis Chatterjee ◽  
Alberto Figoli ◽  
Bart Van der Bruggen
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Arsenic In Groundwater

Safe water, household income and health challenges in Ugandan homes that harvest rainwater

Water Policy ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 977-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Baguma ◽  
Jamal H. Hashim ◽  
Syed M. Aljunid ◽  
Michael Hauser ◽  
Helmut Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Household Expenditures ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Supply Equipment

Having access to a safe water supply is important to improve a person's quality of life. We examine the relationship between the influence of water availability on monthly household expenditures (the dependent variable) and independent variables such as household characteristics, tank size, usage instructions and post-construction guidance, including the management of water-related health risks. The sample consisted of 301 respondents who harvest rainwater in Uganda. A multiple regression analysis was used to analyse the data. The findings show that post-construction guidance and tank size were significant variables. This study suggests the need for a follow-up to improve health after the installation of water supply equipment, i.e., to provide information about water risks, foster reading norms and facilitate the availability and affordability of information sources, e.g., subsidised newspapers and information support devices (computers). Additionally, this study shows the possibility of increased savings due to reduced expenditures on water from vendors and the management of water-related health risks caused by a water shortage, e.g., dehydration. Overall, the study reveals two possible ways to advance policy and health in developing countries: (1) ensuring sufficient post-construction guidance for all water resources; and (2) ensuring a sustainable supply of adequate safe water in households.

Conventional and new traceability schemes of organic standards for safe water supply in Japan

Metrologia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 034002
Author(s):  
Masahiko Numata ◽  
Yuko Kitamaki ◽  
Yoshitaka Shimizu ◽  
Taichi Yamazaki ◽  
Naoki Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Organic Standards

scholarly journals A national cross-sectional study on effects of fluoride-safe water supply on the prevalence of fluorosis in China

BMJ Open ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. e001564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Wang ◽  
Yanhui Gao ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Lijun Zhao ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safe Water

scholarly journals A Safe Water Supply in Civil Disaster

1952 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 631
Author(s):  
Gordon E. McCallum ◽  
William E. Holy ◽  
Harvey Ludwig
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Safe Water

scholarly journals Access to Water Supply among the Tea Pickers in Sylhet, Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Shushanta Acharjee ◽  
Shah Imran Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Access To Water

The study explores access to water supply system of tea pickers in six tea estates of Sylhet division of Bangladesh—Malnichhera, Lackaturah, Keramotnagor, Balishera, Kalagul and Rashidpur. Drawing upon a systematic set of semi-structured interviews and cross-sectional data collected randomly from 300 tea pickers, the study considers men and women’s access to (un)safe water by addressing their sources of both drinking and using water for daily usages and the distances from home to sources by including their concern about safe water and its related diseases.

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