Mixotrophic growth and biochemical analysis of Chlorella vulgaris cultivated with synthetic domestic wastewater

Domestic wastewater contains chemical compounds that can be used as nutrients for microalgae. Removing these chemical compounds from wastewater by microalgae might help in reducing the operation cost of wastewater management while minimizing the cultivation cost for large-scale microalgae metabolite production. In this study, domestic wastewater collected from Indah Water Konsortium (IWK), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, was assessed as growth media for two types of microalgae, namely Chlorella vulgaris and Haematococcus pluvialis. The biomass growth and nutrient removal efficiency of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and total ammonia (TAN) in different concentrations of diluted wastewater were measured. The results showed that biomass concentration (0.227 g/L), biomass productivity (0.029 g/L/day), and specific growth rate (0,284 d-1) yielded by C. vulgaris in 14 days of 80% wastewater were comparable to those microalgae grew in standard Bold’s Basal medium (BBM). Besides, C. vulgaris grew in 50% wastewater to remove TN, TP, and TAN with the highest removal efficiency (>88%). For H. pluvialis, the biomass concentration in all wastewater concentrations was lower than BBM. The removal efficiencies of TN and TP were lower than 55%, but more than 80% for removal efficiency of TAN in 50% and 80% wastewater. Hence, C. vulgaris has better growth performance and nutrient removal efficiency than H. pluvialis. These findings indicated that IWK domestic wastewater could be used as growth media for microalgae, especially C. vulgaris.

Download Full-text

Survey on nitrogen removal and membrane filtration characteristics of Chlorella vulgaris Beij. on treating domestic type wastewaters

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2013.291 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 695-704 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yu-Hsuan Wang ◽

Chuen-Mei Wu ◽

Wan-Lin Wu ◽

Ching-Ping Chu ◽

Yu-Jen Chung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Source ◽

Chlorella Vulgaris ◽

Membrane Filtration ◽

Domestic Wastewater ◽

Nitrifying Bacteria ◽

Biomass Growth ◽

Filtration Cycle ◽

The Mean ◽

Cell Residence Time ◽

Uf Membranes

The main objective of this study is to evaluate the nitrogen assimilation and filtration characteristics of Chlorella vulgaris Beij. when treating domestic wastewaters. Chlorella could assimilate organic nitrogen, ammonia and nitrate in wastewater, and the mean cell residence time (MCRT) to achieve the maximum biomass content in a bioreactor was different for each individual nitrogen source used. The experimental results showed that using nitrate as the only nitrogen source was the most favorable for biomass growth. With ammonia and nitrate coexisting in the aquatic phase, Chlorella possibly utilized ammonia first, and this was unfavorable to subsequent biomass growth. Nitrifying bacteria in wastewaters significantly affected Chlorella growth as they possibly competed with Chlorella in assimilating ammonia and nitrate in domestic wastewater. In a submerged ultrafiltration (UF) membrane module, with an initial concentration of 850 mg/L of Chlorella, the optimized flux was 0.02 m3/(m2·h), and the filtration cycle was 30 min. A ‘dual membrane bioreactor (MBR)’ configuration using UF membranes for Chlorella incubation was proposed. MBR1 provides an environment with long MCRT for efficient nitrification. The converted nitrate is assimilated by Chlorella in MBR2 to sustain its growth. UF permeate from MBR1 is bacteria-free and does not affect the growth of Chlorella in MBR2. MCRT of Chlorella growth is controlled by the UF membrane of MBR2, providing the flexibility to adjust variations of nitrogen composition in the wastewater.

Download Full-text

Cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris using nutrients source from domestic wastewater for biodiesel production: Growth condition and kinetic studies

Renewable Energy ◽

10.1016/j.renene.2016.11.032 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 103 ◽

pp. 197-207 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Man Kee Lam ◽

Mohammad Iqram Yusoff ◽

Yoshimitsu Uemura ◽

Jun Wei Lim ◽

Choon Gek Khoo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Condition ◽

Chlorella Vulgaris ◽

Domestic Wastewater ◽

Kinetic Studies ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Production Growth

Download Full-text

Isolation and Culture Condition Optimization of Chlorella vulgaris

Nepal Journal of Science and Technology ◽

10.3126/njst.v14i2.10414 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 43-48

Author(s):

U Rai ◽

G Deshar ◽

B Rai ◽

K Bhattarai ◽

RP Dhakal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chlorella Vulgaris ◽

Specific Growth ◽

Dark Period ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Air Flow Rate ◽

Mixotrophic Growth ◽

Condition Optimization ◽

Autotrophic Condition ◽

Culture Condition Optimization

Chlorella vulgaris Beyerinck (Beijerinck) is one of the fast growing planktonic microalgae predominantly found in lentic habitats. It was isolated from water samples using BG 11 medium and identified and screened for mixotrophic growth using glucose as carbon source in the medium. The growth of this algae was also studied for autotrophic and mixotrophic regimen. It showed higher growth in a medium of pH 7 containing glucose rather than in autotrophic condition. Similarly, its growth was also studied in media containing different nitrogen sources in which NaNO3 gave the best result. A pilot scale culture of C. vulgaris was performed in 5 l fermenter illuminated with fluorescent tube of 36 W maintaining 16:8 hrs of light and dark period with pH 7, temperature at 25°C, stirrer rate at 75 rpm, air flow rate at 30 L/hr. The specific growth rate was found to be 6.879 cells/ ml/ day whereas doubling time was found to be 2 hrs and 9 mins. The cells were harvested by sedimentation and centrifugation followed by drying at 50°- 80°C. The dried biomass was treated with dichloromethane: methanol (2:1) v/v solution in Soxhlet extractor for 3 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v14i2.10414 Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 14, No. 2 (2013) 43-48

Download Full-text

Comparative study for the treatment of domestic wastewater using Chlorella Vulgaris

10.21203/rs.3.rs-25555/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Chlorella Vulgaris ◽

Domestic Wastewater

Abstract The authors have requested that this preprint be withdrawn due to author disagreement.

Download Full-text