Elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and syphilis: A dual approach in the African Region to improve quality of antenatal care and integrated disease control

Abstract Background Provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling (PITC) is a recommended approach to screen for HIV to all pregnant women during antenatal care (ANC) visits, and all with HIV positive results have to be enrolled into prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) program. However, little is known about the relationship between facility readiness and the uptake of PITC to pregnant women attending ANC in Tanzania. Therefore, this study assessed whether the facility readiness promotes the uptake of PITC to the pregnant women attending ANC for the purpose of improving the PMTCT interventions in Tanzania. Methods This study analyzed data for health facilities obtained from the 2014–2015 Tanzania service provision assessment survey. The Primary outcome measure was a composite variable (with score of 0–5) in which its higher scores indicates provision of high-quality of PITC. Also, facilities scored higher in the PMTCT service readiness index were considered to have high readiness to provide PMTCT services. In Poisson regression analyses, a series of models were fitted to assess whether there is an association between provision of high-quality of PITC and facility readiness. In all statistical analysis, a P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results Out of 1853 included first-visit ANC consultations, only about one-third of pregnant women received all five components required for PITC. The mean percentage of PMTCT readiness score was moderate 63.96 [61.32–66.59]%. In adjusted model, we found that facility with high readiness to provide PMTCT services was significantly associated with the provision of high-quality of PITC (model 2: [β = 0.075, P = 0.00]). Conclusion In order to increase high-quality of PITC services, efforts should be made to improve the PMTCT facility readiness by increasing availability of trained staffs, diagnostic tools, and ARTs among health facilities in Tanzania.

Download Full-text

Quality of Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) of HIV Services in Public Hospitals of Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia

Health Systems and Policy Research ◽

10.21767/2254-9137.100092 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 05 (02) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bahailu Balcha Bachore ◽

Fikru Tafese ◽

Feyera Gebissa ◽

Dejene Ermias Mekango

Keyword(s):

Public Hospitals ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Mother To Child Transmission ◽

Child Transmission ◽

Hiv Services ◽

Mother To Child ◽

Hadiya Zone

Download Full-text

Same day HIV diagnosis and antiretroviral therapy initiation affects retention in Option B+ prevention of mother-to-child transmission services at antenatal care in Zomba District, Malawi

Journal of the International AIDS Society ◽

10.7448/ias.19.1.20672 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 20672 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Adrienne K Chan ◽

Emmanuel Kanike ◽

Richard Bedell ◽

Isabel Mayuni ◽

Ruth Manyera ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Antenatal Care ◽

Mother To Child Transmission ◽

Child Transmission ◽

Hiv Diagnosis ◽

Therapy Initiation ◽

Mother To Child

Download Full-text

Prevalence, Seroconversion and Mother-To-Child Transmission of Dual and Triplex Infections of HIV, Hepatitis B and C Viruses Among Pregnant Women in Nigeria: Study Protocol

10.21203/rs.3.rs-72777/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

George Uchenna Eleje ◽

Ikechukwu Innocent Mbachu ◽

Uchenna Chukwunonso OGWALUONYE ◽

Stephen Okoroafor KALU ◽

Chinyere Ukamaka ONUBOGU ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Hiv Care ◽

Seroprevalence Rate ◽

Mother To Child Transmission ◽

Child Transmission ◽

Triple Infection ◽

Mother To Child

Abstract Background: Nigeria contributes significantly to the global burden of HIV, Hepatitis B and C infections, either singly or in combinations, despite progress in HIV care regionally and globally. Although some limited data on mono infection of HIV, Hepatitis B and C virus infections do exists, that of dual and triplex infections, including seroconversion and mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) rates necessary for planning to address the scourge of infections in pregnancy are not available.Objectives: To determine the seroprevalence, rate of new infections, MTCT of dual and triple infections of HIV, Hepatitis B and C viruses and associated factors, among pregnant women in Nigeria. Method: A multicenter prospective cohort study will be conducted in six tertiary health facilities randomly selected from the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria. All eligible pregnant women are to be tested at enrollment after informed consent for HIV, Hepatitis B and C infections. While those positive for at least two of the infections in any combination will be enrolled into the study and followed up to 6 weeks post-delivery, those negative for the three infections or positive for only one of the infections at enrolment will be retested at delivery using a rapid diagnostic test. On enrolment into the study relevant information, will be obtained, and laboratory test of CD4 count, liver function test and full blood counts, and prenatal ultrasonography will also be obtained/performed. Management of mother-newborns pairs will be according to appropriate national guidelines. All exposed newborns will be tested for HIV, HBV or HCV infection at birth and 6 weeks using PCR technique. The study data will be documented on the study case record forms. Data will be managed with SPSS for windows version 23. Ethical approval was obtained from National Health Research Ethics Committee (NHREC) (NHREC/01/01/2007-23/01/2020).Conclusion: Pregnant women with multiple of HIV, HBV and C infections are at increased risk of hepatotoxicity, maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Additionally, infected pregnant women transmit the virus to their unborn baby even when asymptomatic. Children born with any of the infection have significantly poorer quality of life and lower five-year survival rate. Unfortunately, the seroconversion and MTCT rates of dual or triplex infections among pregnant women in Nigeria have not been studied making planning for prevention and subsequent elimination of the viruses difficult. The study is expected to fill this knowledge gaps. Nigeria joining the rest of the world to eliminate the triple infection among children rest on the availability of adequate and reliable data generated from appropriately designed, powered study using representative population sample. The establishment of the three-in-one study of prevalence, rate of new infection, rate and risk factor for MTCT of dual and triple infection of HIV, Hepatitis B and C viruses among pregnant women in Nigeria is urgently needed for policy development and planning for the improvement of the quality of life of mothers and the elimination of childhood triplex infection.

Download Full-text

KNOWLEDGE REGARDING HIV/AIDS AND MOTHER TO CHILD TRANSMISSION ISSUES AMONG WOMEN SEEKING ANTENATAL CARE IN VIMSAR, BURLA

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v3i5.251 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Dr. Shilpa Karir ◽

Dr. Smita Kumari Panda ◽

Dr. Sadhu Charan Panda

Keyword(s):

Antenatal Care ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Laboratory Diagnosis ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Mother To Child Transmission ◽

Child Transmission ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Keywords Hiv ◽

Mother To Child ◽

Hiv Aids

Globally, around 34 million people are living with HIV in 2010, and 35% of the pregnant women are tested for HIV in the low and middle income countries. HIV infection in pregnancy has become a complication of pregnancy in some developing countries. This has major implications for the management of pregnancy and birth. A cross sectional study was conducted from December 2018 – February 2019 in tertiary care hospital, VIMSAR Burla . The present study was conducted to assess the knowledge about HIV/AIDS and mother to child transmission issues among women seeking antenatal care and visiting ICTC. A sample of 150 pregnant females was used to accomplish the study. A pre- tested semi-structured questionnaire was used to gather information on the study variables. The questionnaire included variables related socio-demographics e.g., age, education status, occupation, residence, awareness about HIV/AIDS. The study reflected that 83.4% of the women had heard of the term HIV/AIDS which reflects a relatively high level of awareness about the term but subsequently dropping levels of awareness about the routes of transmission, laboratory diagnosis and the availability of drugs. Only 45.3% of the respondents were aware of ICTC. 42.7% were aware about mother to child transmission of HIV and only 32% were aware of anti-retro viral therapy for newborn. Keywords: HIV, ICTC, Antenatal

Download Full-text