scholarly journals Targeted Active Case Finding in Household Contacts of Smear Positive Tuberculosis Patients in a High Incidence Urban Setting

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. e338
Author(s):  
B. Mutayoba ◽  
S. Mfinanga ◽  
O. Morkve
Keyword(s):  
Case Finding ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Active Case Finding ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Active Case ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
High Incidence

scholarly journals Cost-effectiveness of active case-finding of household contacts of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in a low HIV, tuberculosis-endemic urban area of Lima, Peru

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (6) ◽  
pp. 1107-1117 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. SHAH ◽  
M. ROJAS ◽  
O. MORI ◽  
C. ZAMUDIO ◽  
J. S. KAUFMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Active Case Finding ◽  
Active Case ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Life Years

SUMMARYWe compared the cost-effectiveness (CE) of an active case-finding (ACF) programme for household contacts of tuberculosis (TB) cases enrolled in first-line treatment to routine passive case-finding (PCF) within an established national TB programme in Peru. Decision analysis was used to model detection of TB in household contacts through: (1) self-report of symptomatic cases for evaluation (PCF), (2) a provider-initiated ACF programme, (3) addition of an Xpert MTB/RIF diagnostic test for a single sputum sample from household contacts, and (4) all strategies combined. CE was calculated as the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) in terms of US dollars per disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) averted. Compared to PCF alone, ACF for household contacts resulted in an ICER of $2155 per DALY averted. The addition of the Xpert MTB/RIF diagnostic test resulted in an ICER of $3275 per DALY averted within a PCF programme and $3399 per DALY averted when an ACF programme was included. Provider-initiated ACF of household contacts in an urban setting of Lima, Peru can be highly cost-effective, even including costs to seek out contacts and perform an Xpert/MTB RIF test. ACF including Xpert MTB/RIF was not cost-effective if TB cases detected had high rates of default from treatment or poor outcomes.

scholarly journals Chest x-ray findings in tuberculosis patients identified by passive and active case finding: A retrospective study

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ema Rastoder ◽  
Saher Burhan Shaker ◽  
Matiullah Naqibullah ◽  
Mathilde Marie Winkler Wille ◽  
Mette Lund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Active Case Finding ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Active Case ◽  
Chest X Ray

scholarly journals The Use of Xpert MTB/Rif for Active Case Finding among TB Contacts in North West Province, South Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Limakatso Lebina ◽  
Nigel Fuller ◽  
Tolu Osoba ◽  
Lesley Scott ◽  
Katlego Motlhaoleng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Active Case Finding ◽  
North West ◽  
Active Case ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Diagnosis Rate

Introduction.Tuberculosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality especially in high HIV burden settings. Active case finding is one strategy to potentially reduce TB disease burden. Xpert MTB/Rif has recently been recommended for diagnosis of TB.Methods.Pragmatic randomized trial to compare diagnosis rate and turnaround time for laboratory testing for Xpert MTB/Rif with TB microscopy and culture in household contacts of patients recently diagnosed with TB.Results.2464 household contacts enrolled into the study from 768 active TB index cases. 1068 (44%) were unable to give sputum, but 24 of these were already on TB treatment. 863 (53%) participants sputum samples were tested with smear and culture and 2.7% (23/863; CI: 1.62–3.78) were diagnosed with active TB. Xpert MTB/Rif was used in 515 (21%) participants; active TB was diagnosed in 1.6% (8/515; CI: 0.52–2.68).Discussion and Conclusions.Additional 31 cases were diagnosed with contact tracing of household members. When Xpert MTB/Rif is compared with culture, there is no significant difference in diagnostic yield.

scholarly journals Impact of Active Case Finding on Treatment Outcomes in Adult Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (7) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
S. А. Sterlikov ◽  
V. B. Gаlkin ◽  
B. M. Mаliev ◽  
А. А. Shirokovа ◽  
V. А. Khorotetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Adjusted Relative Risk ◽  
Active Case Finding ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Active Case ◽  
Risk Of Death

The objective: to assess the effect of active finding of tuberculosis cases on the frequency of bacterial excretion, lung tissue destruction, and treatment outcomes.Subjects and Methods. The characteristics of adult patients (newly detected - new cases and those with relapsed pulmonary tuberculosis) were studied in 2 phases: a) 1,404 cases, including 814 actively found, at detection; b) the outcomes of the completed first course of chemotherapy in 946 patients, including 565 actively detected, registered for treatment in 2017 and 2018. Adjusted relative risk (aOR) and statistical significance of differences were calculated.Results. Patients detected actively versus those detected by self presentation to a medical unit had a lower level of positive results of smear microscopy (aOR = 2.7; p < 0.01) and lung tissue destruction (aOR = 1.4; p = 0.01), but the level of positive culture was equal (aOR = 0.9; p = 0.6).  Active case finding had no effect on treatment failure rate but if a patient is HIV negative and young, it reduced the risk of death in tuberculosis patients during treatment (aOR = 0.3; p < 0.01). Active case finding, along with no history of previous treatment, negative HIV status, and older age were inversely associated with treatment interruption (aOR = 0.3; p < 0.01).

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