Abstraction and interpretation during the qualitative content analysis process

Although grounded theory and qualitative content analysis are similar in some respects, they differ as well; yet the differences between the two have rarely been made clear in the literature. The purpose of this article was to clarify ambiguities and reduce confusion about grounded theory and qualitative content analysis by identifying similarities and differences in the two based on a literature review and critical reflection on the authors’ own research. Six areas of difference emerged: (a) background and philosophical base, (b) unique characteristics of each method, (c) goals and rationale of each method, (d) data analysis process, (e) outcomes of the research, and (f) evaluation of trustworthiness. This article provides knowledge that can assist researchers and students in the selection of appropriate research methods for their inquiries.

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Challenges and barriers of Humanitarian Aid Management in 2017 Kermanshah Earthquake: A Qualitative Content Analysis

10.21203/rs.2.11139/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Hamid Safarpour ◽

Saeideh Fooladlou ◽

Meysam Safi Keykaleh ◽

Somayyeh Mousavipour ◽

Davoud Pirani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

Humanitarian Aid ◽

Aid Workers ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Analysis Process ◽

Purposeful Sampling ◽

Content Analysis Method ◽

Data Collection And Analysis ◽

Study Results

Abstract Background Examining various problems after disasters is important for affected people. One of the most important problems after disasters is the management of humanitarian aid and donations among the affected people. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore Challenges and barriers of humanitarian aid management in 2017 Kermanshah Earthquake. Methods This study was conducted using conventional qualitative content analysis method. This study was carried out from November 2017 to January 2018. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and purposeful sampling and continued until the saturation of the data. Data collection and analysis phases of research proceed simultaneously and with constant comparison. 21 people, including 6 humanitarian aid manager, 6 volunteers, 4 aid workers, and 5 affected people participated in the study. Results The findings of this study identified two categories and 12 sub-categories concerning challenges and barriers of humanitarian aid and donors’ management during the 2017 Kermanshah Earthquake. During the analysis process two main categories included management and policy barriers, and structural and operational barriers were extracted. Conclusions Effective management and proper policies in relation to humanitarian aid and the modifying of structural and operational barriers can resulted in improve performance and effective humanitarian aid management.

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Directed qualitative content analysis: the description and elaboration of its underpinning methods and data analysis process

Journal of Research in Nursing ◽

10.1177/1744987117741667 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 42-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 73

Author(s):

Abdolghader Assarroudi ◽

Fatemeh Heshmati Nabavi ◽

Mohammad Reza Armat ◽

Abbas Ebadi ◽

Mojtaba Vaismoradi

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Data Analysis ◽

Qualitative Data ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

International Literature ◽

Qualitative Data Analysis ◽

Step Method ◽

Team Members ◽

Analysis Process ◽

Descriptive Knowledge

Qualitative content analysis consists of conventional, directed and summative approaches for data analysis. They are used for provision of descriptive knowledge and understandings of the phenomenon under study. However, the method underpinning directed qualitative content analysis is insufficiently delineated in international literature. This paper aims to describe and integrate the process of data analysis in directed qualitative content analysis. Various international databases were used to retrieve articles related to directed qualitative content analysis. A review of literature led to the integration and elaboration of a stepwise method of data analysis for directed qualitative content analysis. The proposed 16-step method of data analysis in this paper is a detailed description of analytical steps to be taken in directed qualitative content analysis that covers the current gap of knowledge in international literature regarding the practical process of qualitative data analysis. An example of “the resuscitation team members' motivation for cardiopulmonary resuscitation” based on Victor Vroom's expectancy theory is also presented. The directed qualitative content analysis method proposed in this paper is a reliable, transparent, and comprehensive method for qualitative researchers. It can increase the rigour of qualitative data analysis, make the comparison of the findings of different studies possible and yield practical results.

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