scholarly journals Monitoring the Relative Parasympathetic Tone During Hypnosis With ANI

2021 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. S19
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Boselli
Keyword(s):  
Parasympathetic Tone

Reduced cranial parasympathetic tone during the remission phase of cluster headache

Cephalalgia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 469-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilde K Ofte ◽  
Therese von Hanno ◽  
Karl B Alstadhaug
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Headache ◽  
Superficial Temporal Artery ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Temporal Artery ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cranial Autonomic Symptoms ◽  
Pupillary Constriction ◽  
Central Origin ◽  
Parasympathetic Tone ◽  
Remission Phase

Background Cluster headache (CH) attacks are accompanied by cranial autonomic symptoms indicative of parasympathetic hyperactivity and sympathetic dysfunction ipsilateral to the pain. We aimed to assess cranial autonomic function in CH patients during the remission phase of cluster headache. Materials and methods During a remission phase, 38 episodic CH patients underwent the following: dynamic pupillometry, measurement of the superficial temporal artery diameter by ultrasound, and measurement of the retinal vessel diameters from digital retinal photographs. Pupillometry was also performed on 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Results Thirty patients were included (27 men, three women, mean age 50.2 years ± 12.6). Seven patients reported occasional side shift of their headache, but with a clear predominating side. Significantly reduced average pupillary constriction velocity and retinal venular diameter on the CH pain side were found. There was no asymmetry of the superficial temporal artery diameters. Compared to healthy controls, cluster patients displayed bilaterally reduced pupillary average and maximum constriction velocities, reduced constriction in percentage and increased latency of the light reflex. Conclusions The present findings indicate a bilaterally reduced cranial parasympathetic tone in CH patients in remission phase, with significant lateralization to the CH pain side. This implies a central origin, and a central pathophysiological model of CH is discussed.

Abstract P132: Increased Cardiovascular Parasympathetic Tone in African Americans With CD36 Partial Deficiency

Hypertension ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahram Ejtemaei Mehr
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Taste Perception ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Cd36 Deficiency ◽  
Parasympathetic Tone ◽  
Fat Meal

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death among African Americans (AA). Reduced parasympathetic tone as measured by high frequency heart rate variability (HF RRI ) predicts cardiovascular mortality. HF RRI is reduced after a high fat meal through caveolar sequestration of muscarinic M2 receptors. The fatty acid translocase CD36 is a protein abundant in the myocardium and important for heart function and lipid metabolism. CD36 plasma membrane localization and function in fatty acid uptake is modulated by its interaction with caveolin. One in four AAs are G-allele carriers for CD36 SNP rs3211938 resulting in ~50% decreased CD36 expression. CD36 deficiency also reduces fat taste perception, which might lead to higher fat intake to reach taste saturation. We tested the hypothesis that obese AAs with partial CD36 deficiency have altered parasympathetic tone during fasting and after a high-fat meal. We recruited 13 G-allele carriers and 39 non-carriers. Subjects were matched by age (P=0.820), BMI (P=0.751), and blood pressure (P=0.701). There was a trend towards reduction in heart rate in carriers (P=0.07). Baseline HF RRI was elevated in G carriers (557.1 [251 to 942] vs. 224 [95 to 655] ms 2 , P=0.046). Eleven subjects received a high-fat meal (700 Cal/m 2 BSA, 80% fat). HF RRI was measured at baseline and 30, 60, 120, 240 minutes after meal. Non-carriers (n=4) showed a time-dependent decline in the percent change in HF RRI (-23, -32, -70, -84, respectively). In G-allele carriers (N=6), the decline in HF RRI (21, -11, -61, -70 min) was attenuated. Conclusion: AAs with partial CD36 deficiency have enhanced fasting parasympathetic tone and a blunted response to a high fat meal.

scholarly journals Performance of the Parasympathetic Tone activity (PTA) index to predict mean arterial pressure variations in anaesthetized horses with different health conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christelle Mansour ◽  
Rita Mocci ◽  
Bruna Santangelo ◽  
Rana Chaaya ◽  
Bernard Allaouchiche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Dynamic Variations ◽  
Autonomic Dysfunctions ◽  
Elective Group ◽  
Parasympathetic Tone

Abstract Background The parasympathetic tone activity (PTA) is an index based on heart rate variability recently developed in animals to assess their relative parasympathetic tone and their analgesia nociception balance. The present study aimed to evaluate the variation of PTA in anaesthetized horses according to haemodynamic status and health conditions and to determine the performance of dynamic variations of PTA (∆PTA) to predict mean arterial pressure (MAP) variations. Results Thirty-nine client-horses admitted to the Veterinary Campus of Lyon were anaesthetized for elective or emergency surgery and divided into “Colic” and “Elective” groups. During anaesthesia, dobutamine was administered as treatment of hypotension (MAP < 60 mmHg). No significant variation of PTA and MAP were detected at steady-state and following cutaneous incision. PTA increased before each hypotension (+ 15% in Elective and + 11.4% in Colic group), conversely, the administration of dobutamine was accompanied by a significant decrease in PTA (-12.7% in Elective and − 9% in Colic group). Horses of the Colic group had lower PTA values than those in Elective group, whereas MAP didn’t differ between groups. Globally, to predict a 10% increase in MAP, ΔPTA performance was associated with: AUC ROC [95% CI] = 0.77 [0.70 to 0.83] (p < 0.0001), with a sensitivity of 88.2% and a specificity of 57.7% for a threshold value of − 1%. Besides, to predict a 10% decrease in MAP, ΔPTA performance was associated with: AUC ROC [95% CI] = 0.80 [0.73 to 0.85] (p < 0.0001), with a sensitivity of 62.5% and a specificity of 94.6% for a threshold value of 25%. Conclusions The PTA index in anaesthetized horses appears to be influenced by the haemodynamic status and the health condition. The shift toward lower PTA values in colic horses may potentially reflect a sympathetic tone predominance. Of clinical significance, a PTA increase of > 25% in 1 min showed fair performance to predict a MAP decrease of > 10% within 5 min but a decrease in PTA was poorly specific to predict an increase in MAP. Even though these results require further evaluation, this index may thus help to predict potential autonomic dysfunctions in sick animals.

scholarly journals 1066 Rapid Eye Movement (REM) Sleep Duration in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Varies Dynamically and Directly Within the Individual With Indices of Sleep Consolidation and Parasympathetic Tone

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A406-A406
Author(s):  
M A Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Deep Sleep ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Sleep Consolidation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Parasympathetic Tone ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Light Sleep

Abstract Introduction Autonomic arousal in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been associated with functional hypoactivation of the medial prefrontal cortex and hyperactivity of the amygdala which can directly affect sleep physiology including REM sleep. REM sleep has been associated with reduced fear conditioning; and PTSD has been associated with REM sleep fragmentation. A case report of a drug-free PTSD patient (Gupta MA,2019) who underwent 10 home sleep apnea tests (HSATs) observed a dynamic and inverse relation between REM sleep duration and indices of sympathetic activation during sleep and sleep fragmentation. This study has examined the relationship between REM sleep duration and sleep parameters related to sleep consolidation and parasympathetic tone in 17 PTSD patients who had completed at least 10 HSATs each. Methods 17 civilian PTSD patients (all female; mean±SD age: 47.59±10.52 years; 16 white) each completed 10 HSATs (WatchPAT200, Itamar)(over 1 to 45 months). The mean±SD initial PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 score was 49.24±13.08 (n=17), and Clinician Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5) score was ≥55. Patients using benzodiazepines and/or narcotics were excluded. Results The overall mean±SD REM duration for all 10 visits (for 17x10 HSATs) was 84.40±8.65 minutes (range 69.13-96.97 min); the mean REM duration over the 10 HSATs correlated with other sleep indices as follows: sleep onset latency (Pearson r= -0.667, p=0.035); sleep efficiency (r=0.636, p=0.048); light sleep (NI+N2) percentage (r= -0.754, p=0.012); light sleep duration (r=0.692, p=0.027);deep sleep (N3) duration (r=0.635, p=0.048). Conclusion Over the 10 HSATs the average (n=17) REM sleep duration was directly related to indices of sleep consolidation (decreased sleep latency, increased sleep efficiency, increase in both light and deep sleep duration). The direct relation of REM sleep duration to duration of deep sleep, and inverse relation with light sleep percentage suggests REM sleep- related promotion of increased parasympathetic tone within the individual. Support None

scholarly journals 1081 Associations Among REM Density And Parasympathetic Activity, Nightmares, And Hyperarousal In Trauma-exposed Individuals

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A411-A412
Author(s):  
K I Oliver ◽  
J A Hinton ◽  
C Daffre ◽  
J Dominguez ◽  
J Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parasympathetic Activity ◽  
Ptsd Diagnosis ◽  
Sleep Diaries ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Ptsd Checklist ◽  
Rem Density ◽  
Ptsd Scale ◽  
Parasympathetic Tone ◽  
Item Scores ◽  
Frequency Power

Abstract Introduction Individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) exhibit autonomic hyperarousal and nightmares. We hypothesized that REM density (REMD) and REM heart rate variability would predict self-reported hyperarousal, nightmares, and PTSD diagnosis in trauma-exposed individuals. Methods Ninety-nine individuals (aged 18-40, 68 females) exposed to a DSM-5 PTSD criterion-A trauma within the past two years (48 meeting PTSD criteria) completed a night of ambulatory polysomnography (PSG) preceded by an acclimation night. REMD in scored sleep recordings were computed using the Matlab program written by Benjamin Yetton. Indices of parasympathetic tone during REM were computed using Kubios software and included Average Root Mean Square of the Successive Differences (RMSSD) and High Frequency power (HFpower). Participants completed two weeks of sleep diaries with nightmare questionnaire and completed the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS-5) and the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Hyperarousal-item scores were computed from the PCL-5 without the sleep item (PCLhyp) and from the CAPS-5 (CAPShyp), and these scores (with their sleep items) were combined into a Composite Hyperarousal Index (CHI). Nightmare rate was the proportion of sleep diaries reporting a nightmare. Simple regressions measured associations among REMD, REM parasympathetic indices, hyperarousal measures, and nightmare rate. Results REMD did not significantly predict PTSD diagnosis or hyperarousal scores but did predict decreased parasympathetic activity for both RMSSD (p= 0.002, R= -0.316) and HFpower (p= 0.016 R= -0.250). REMD predicted increased nightmare rate (p= 0.011 R= 0.262). Parasympathetic tone was negatively correlated with CAPShyp, PCLhyp, and CHI for both RMSSD (p= 0.04, 0.011, &lt;0.000, respectively) and HFpower (p= 0.051, 0.021, 0.010, respectively). Lower parasympathetic tone also predicted PTSD diagnosis with both RMSSD (p=0.012, t=2.559) and HFpower (p=0.010, t=2.627), but did not predict nightmare rate. Conclusion REMD predicted decreased parasympathetic tone and higher nightmare rate. Parasympathetic tone, but not REMD, predicted hyperarousal and PTSD diagnosis. Support R01MH109638

Enhanced parasympathetic tone shortens atrial refractoriness in man

1983 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric N. Prystowsky ◽  
Gerald V. Naccarelli ◽  
Warren M. Jackman ◽  
Robert L. Rinkenberger ◽  
James J. Heger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Refractoriness ◽  
Parasympathetic Tone
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