Effectiveness of antibiotic-laden synthetic bone graft materials: In vitro characterisation

Objects: Beta tricalciumphosphate pellets loaded with individualized antibiotics may represent novel options in the treatment of osteomyelitis and infectious bone disease. Here, the in vitro antibiotic elution of vancomycin and gentamicin from the synthetic bone graft substitutes Cerasorb® and Cerasorb M® was tested. Methods: Antibiotic elution and concentration of gentamcin and vancomycin were measured using photometrically-based measurement and homogeneous particle-enhanced turbidimetric inhibition immunoassays (PETINIA). Results: Initially both materials showed a high release of the loaded antibiotics, with Cerasorb M® showing lower release levels for gentamicin and vancomycin than Cerasorb®. Gentamicin concentrations of Cerasorb M granules and Cerasorb were below the minimum detectiontreshold until day four and six of the experiment respectively. The vancomycin release-level followed a similar pattern, although the vancomycin concentration eluted by Cerasorb M® granules stayed above the detection threshold during the experimental time. Conclusions: Cerasorb® and Cersorb M® may represent a new treatment option in osteomyelitis and infectious bone disease.

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In vitro stability of open wedge high tibial osteotomy with synthetic bone graft

The Knee ◽

10.1016/j.knee.2009.09.002 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 217-220 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Ryohei Takeuchi ◽

Haruhiko Bito ◽

Yasushi Akamatsu ◽

Toshihiko Shiraishi ◽

Shin Morishita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Graft ◽

High Tibial Osteotomy ◽

Tibial Osteotomy ◽

Open Wedge ◽

Synthetic Bone ◽

Synthetic Bone Graft ◽

Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy ◽

In Vitro Stability

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Development of a Synthetic Tissue Engineered 3D Printed Calciumalkaliphosphate-Based Bone Graft with Homogenously Distributed Osteoblasts and Mineralizing Bone Matrix In Vitro

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.720.82 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 720 ◽

pp. 82-89 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Doaa Adel-Khattab ◽

Francesca Giacomini ◽

Barbara Peleska ◽

Renate Gildenhaar ◽

Georg Berger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Bone Graft ◽

Bone Matrix ◽

Autogenous Bone ◽

Synthetic Bone ◽

Synthetic Bone Graft ◽

Autogenous Bone Grafts

Over the last decade there have been increasing efforts to develop adequate 3D scaffolds for bone tissue engineering from bioactive ceramics with 3D printing emerging as a promising technology. The overall objective of the present study was to generate a tissue engineered synthetic bone graft with homogenously distributed osteoblasts and mineralizing bone matrix in vitro, thereby mimicking the advantageous properties of autogenous bone grafts and facilitating usage for reconstructing segmental discontinuity defects in vivo. To this end, 3D scaffolds were developed from a silica containing calciumalkaliorthophosphate (code: GB9S14) utilizing two different fabrication processes, first a replica technique (SSM), and second 3D printing (RP). The mechanical and physical properties of the scaffolds (porosity, compressive strength, solubility) and their potential to facilitate homogenous colonization by osteogenic cells and extracellular bone matrix formation throughout the porous scaffold architecture prior to in vivo implantation were examined. To this end, murine osteoblastic cells (MT3T3-E1) were dynamically seeded and cultured for 7 days on both scaffold types under perfusion with two different concentrations of 1.5 and 3x106 cells per ml. The amount of cells and extracellular matrix formed and osteogenic marker expression were evaluated using hard tissue histology, immunohistochemical and histomorphometric analysis. SSM scaffolds (SSMS) displayed a significantly greater total porosity (86.9%) than RP scaffolds (RPS) (50%), while RPS exhibited significantly more open micropores, greater compressive strength and silica release. RPS seeded with a 3x106 cells per ml displayed greatest cell and extracellular matrix formation, mineralization and osteocalcin expression. In conclusion, RPS displayed superior mechanical and biological properties and facilitated generating a tissue engineered synthetic bone graft in vitro, which mimics the advantageous properties of autogenous bone grafts, by containing homogenously distributed terminally differentiated osteoblasts and mineralizing bone matrix and therefore is suitable for subsequent in vivo implantation for regenerating segmental discontinuity bone defects.

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The New Art of Bone Graft Substitute Design

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.330-332.959 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 330-332 ◽

pp. 959-962

Author(s):

Ernst Dieter Klinkenberg ◽

Hans Georg Neumann ◽

Ulrike Bulnheim ◽

Joachim Rychly

Keyword(s):

Bone Graft ◽

Bone Graft Substitute ◽

Graft Material ◽

Synthetic Bone ◽

Synthetic Bone Graft ◽

Vital Cell ◽

Design And Manufacturing ◽

Bone Graft Substitutes ◽

First Time

A new method of design and manufacturing of bone graft substitutes is introduced. For the first time it is possible to prepare bone graft substitutes with a directed and controlled pore structure. Furthermore, the formation of sophisticated geometries is feasible. First in vitro investigations with cell cultures show a vital cell growing on the synthetic bone graft material. Numerous applications are possible.

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405 Radiological Analysis of Gentamicin Eluting Synthetic Bone Graft Substitute Used in The Management of Gustilo IIIB Open Fractures

British Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1093/bjs/znab134.273 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽

Author(s):

A Aljawadi ◽

I Madhi ◽

T Naylor ◽

M Elmajee ◽

A Islam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Graft ◽

Cortical Thickness ◽

Bone Graft Substitute ◽

Fracture Site ◽

Open Fractures ◽

X Rays ◽

Radiographic Images ◽

Synthetic Bone ◽

Synthetic Bone Graft

Abstract Background Management of traumatic bone void associated with Gustilo IIIB open fractures is challenging. Gentamicin eluting synthetic bone graft substitute (Cerament-G) had been recently utilised for the management of patients with these injuries. This study aims to assess radiological signs of Cerament-G remodelling. Method Retrospective data analysis of all patients admitted to our unit with IIIB open fractures who had Cerament-G applied as avoid filler. Postoperative radiographic images of the fracture site at 6-weeks, 3-months, 6-months and at the last follow-up were reviewed. The radiological signs of Cerament-G integration, percent of void healing, and bone cortical thickness at the final follow-up were assessed. Results 34 patients met our inclusion criteria, mean age: 42 years. Mean follow-up time was 20 months. 59% of patients had excellent (>90%) void filling, 26.4% of patients had 50-90% void filling, and 14.6% had < 50% void filling. Normal bone cortical thickness was restored on AP and Lateral views in 55.8% of patients. No residual Cerement-G was seen on X-rays at the final follow-up in any of the patients. Conclusions Our results showed successful integration of Cerament-G with excellent void filling and normal cortical thickness achieved in more than half of the patients.

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Test yourself answer: supra-acetabular pelvis synthetic bone graft substitute (CERAMENT) with expected resorption of radiopaque graft material

Skeletal Radiology ◽

10.1007/s00256-020-03431-x ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 49 (8) ◽

pp. 1329-1330

Author(s):

Molly B. Carnahan ◽

Jeremiah R. Long

Keyword(s):

Bone Graft ◽

Bone Graft Substitute ◽

Graft Material ◽

Synthetic Bone ◽

Synthetic Bone Graft

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Synthetic bone graft versus autograft or allograft for spinal fusion: a systematic review

Journal of Neurosurgery Spine ◽

10.3171/2016.1.spine151005 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 509-516 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

Zorica Buser ◽

Darrel S. Brodke ◽

Jim A. Youssef ◽

Hans-Joerg Meisel ◽

Sue Lynn Myhre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Bone Graft ◽

Spinal Fusion ◽

Comparative Studies ◽

Functional Outcomes ◽

Retrospective Studies ◽

Synthetic Bone ◽

Synthetic Bone Graft ◽

Bone Graft Substitutes

The purpose of this review was to compare the efficacy and safety of synthetic bone graft substitutes versus autograft or allograft for the treatment of lumbar and cervical spinal degenerative diseases. Multiple major medical reference databases were searched for studies that evaluated spinal fusion using synthetic bone graft substitutes (either alone or with an autograft or allograft) compared with autograft and allograft. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) and cohort studies with more than 10 patients were included. Radiographic fusion, patient-reported outcomes, and functional outcomes were the primary outcomes of interest. The search yielded 214 citations with 27 studies that met the inclusion criteria. For the patients with lumbar spinal degenerative disease, data from 19 comparative studies were included: 3 RCTs, 12 prospective, and 4 retrospective studies. Hydroxyapatite (HA), HA+collagen, β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), calcium sulfate, or polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) were used. Overall, there were no differences between the treatment groups in terms of fusion, functional outcomes, or complications, except in 1 study that found higher rates of HA graft absorption. For the patients with cervical degenerative conditions, data from 8 comparative studies were included: 4 RCTs and 4 cohort studies (1 prospective and 3 retrospective studies). Synthetic grafts included HA, β-TCP/HA, PMMA, and biocompatible osteoconductive polymer (BOP). The PMMA and BOP grafts led to lower fusion rates, and PMMA, HA, and BOP had greater risks of graft fragmentation, settling, and instrumentation problems compared with iliac crest bone graft. The overall quality of evidence evaluating the potential use and superiority of the synthetic biological materials for lumbar and cervical fusion in this systematic review was low or insufficient, largely due to the high potential for bias and small sample sizes. Thus, definitive conclusions or recommendations regarding the use of these synthetic materials should be made cautiously and within the context of the limitations of the evidence.

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