TECHNO-ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF CO-GASIFICATION OF RICE HUSK AND PLASTIC WASTE AS OFF-GRID POWER SOURCE FOR SMALL SCALE RICE MILLING IN NIGERIA-AN ASPEN PLUS MODEL

2021 ◽  
pp. 105157
Author(s):  
Jamilu Salisu ◽  
Ningbo Gao ◽  
Cui Quan
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Aspen Plus ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Power Source ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Rice Milling

scholarly journals Technological Solutions and Tools for Circular Bioeconomy in Low-Carbon Transition: Simulation Modeling of Rice Husks Gasification for CHP by Aspen PLUS V9 and Feasibility Study by Aspen Process Economic Analyzer

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 2006
Author(s):  
Diamantis Almpantis ◽  
Anastasia Zabaniotou
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Aspen Plus ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Steam Gasification ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Fluidized Bed Gasifier ◽  
Annual Earnings

This study explored the suitability of simulation tools for accurately predicting fluidized bed gasification in various scenarios without disturbing the operational system, and dedicating time to experimentation, in the aim of benefiting the decision makers and investors of the low-carbon waste-based bioenergy sector, in accelerating circular bioeconomy solutions. More specifically, this study aimed to offer a customized circular bioeconomy solution for a rice processing residue. The objectives were the simulation and economic assessment of an air atmospheric fluidized bed gasification system fueled with rice husk, for combined heat and power generation, by using the tools of Aspen Plus V9, and the Aspen Process Economic Analyzer. The simulation model was based on the Gibbs energy minimization concept. The technological configurations of the SMARt-CHP technology were used. A parametric study was conducted to understand the influence of process variables on product yield, while three different scenarios were compared: (1) air gasification; (2) steam gasification; and (3) oxygen-steam gasification-based scenario. Simulated results show good accuracy for the prediction of H2 in syngas from air gasification, but not for the other gas components, especially regarding CO and CH4 content. It seems that the RGIBBS and Gibbs free minimization concept is far from simulating the operation of a fluidized bed gasifier. The air gasification scenario for a capacity of 25.000 t/y rice husk was assessed for its economic viability. The economic assessment resulted in net annual earnings of EUR 5.1 million and a positive annual revenue of EUR 168/(t/y), an excellent pay out time (POT = 0.21) and return of investment (ROI = 2.8). The results are dependent on the choices and assumptions made.

scholarly journals Potential Small Scale Sea Water Reclamation from Plastic Waste Contamination

2020 ◽  
Vol 616 ◽  
pp. 012056
Author(s):  
Mohd Baharudin Ridzuan ◽  
Zawawi Daud ◽  
Amir Detho ◽  
Halizah Awang ◽  
Mohd Arif Rosli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Water Reclamation

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation on Floating Solar-Driven Membrane Distillation Desalination Modules

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 304
Author(s):  
Qingxiu Miao ◽  
Yaoling Zhang ◽  
Shuo Cong ◽  
Fei Guo
Keyword(s):  
Power Source ◽  
Membrane Distillation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Sea Waves ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Rejection Ratio ◽  
Cold Source ◽  
Mild Temperature ◽  
Feed Temperature

Membrane distillation (MD) processes need a relatively mild temperature gradient as the driving force for desalination. In the field, it is reasonable to utilize solar energy as the heat source for the feed, and seawater as the infinite cold source for condensation. Solar-driven MD provides a route for the practical application of seawater desalination at a small scale. In this work, we focus on floating MD modules with a solar heating bag as the power source, and perform proof-of-principle experiments on the MD performance under various conditioning parameters, including feed flow rate, feed temperature, salinity, air gap, and sea waves. The results indicate that floating solar-driven MD modules are feasible in terms of permeate flux and salt rejection ratio, and the upward evaporation MD configuration leads to a better performance in terms of permeate flux. The simulation and experiments also show that the natural sea waves disturb the heating bag and the MD module floating on the surface of seawater, and effectively enhance the feed circulation and transport in the system.

scholarly journals Simulation of Palm Kernel Shell Gasification for Small Scale Power Generation Using Aspen Plus Software

2021 ◽  
Vol 1051 (1) ◽  
pp. 012054
Author(s):  
N A Najwa Annuar ◽  
N Kamarulzaman ◽  
Z F M Shadzalli ◽  
I H I Abdullah ◽  
P Y Liew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Aspen Plus ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell

scholarly journals Economic Assessment for Harvesting Artisanal Giant Freshwater Prawn from the Sundarban Mangrove Ecosystem in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biplab Kumar Shaha ◽  
Md. Mahmudul Alam ◽  
H. M. Rakibul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Operating Cost ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Catch Rate ◽  
Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Giant Freshwater Prawn

Harvesting Giant Freshwater Prawn, Golda (Macrobrachium rosenbergii de Man 1879) in the Sundarnbans mangrove forest plays an important role in the economy of the country as well as the livelihood of local community. The study focused the economic assessment of small-scale artisanal Golda fishery. Overall the Hookline gear showed the best performance in terms of economic return. However, it was found to withstand a shock from 20% decrease in market prices or 30% fall in catch rate in terms of Return on investment, payback period and Benefit-cost ratio. Operating cost and fixed cost for Hookline fishery was the lowest and Khathijal was the highest. No significant variation (P<0.05) observed in the mean catch rate per trip boat-1 among the gears studied. Total revenue earned after completion a trip varied considerably between BDT 1,307 to 1,562. Yearly, total net revenue reached at the maximum by Hookline (BDT 38,506), followed by Chandijal (BDT 38,377) and the minimum by Khalpata (BDT 33,885). The findings of this study are supposed to be helpful for policy makers in improving the current status of Golda fishery and relevant human livelihood as well as conserving the Sundarbans Mangrove Ecosystem.

scholarly journals Environmental and economic potential of rice husk use in An Giang province, Vietnam

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-211
Author(s):  
Thi Mai Thao Pham
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Life Cycle Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Emission Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Potential ◽  
Direct Combustion ◽  
The Cost

To evaluate CO2 emission mitigation potential and cost effectiveness of rice husk utilization, Life Cycle Analysis was conducted for 9 scenarios. The results showed that, gasification is the most efficient CO2 mitigation. From cost analysis, the cost mitigation can be achieved by replacing the current fossil fuels in cooking scenarios. Among the power generation scenarios, it was found that 30MW combustion and 5MW gasification power generations were the most economically-efficient scenarios. The briquette combustion power generation appeared less cost-competitive than direct combustion, whilst the large-scale gasification scenarios and the pyrolysis scenarios give the increase in cost from the baseline. From the viewpoints of both CO2 and cost, it was indicated that the win-win scenarios can be the rice husk use for cooking, for large-scale combustion power generation, and for small-scale gasification. Để đánh giá tiềm năng giảm thiểu phát thải CO2 và hiệu quả chi phí của việc sử dụng trấu, phương pháp đánh giá vòng đời sản phẩm đã được thực hiện cho 9 kịch bản. Kết quả cho thấy, khí hóa trấu để sản xuất điện có tiềm năng giảm phát sinh khí CO2 nhiều nhất. Kết quả phân tích chi phí cho thấy việc giảm thiểu chi phí có thể đạt được khi thay thế sử dụng nhiên liệu hóa thạch trong kịch bản dùng trấu cho nấu ăn. Giữa các kịch bản về sản xuất điện, hiệu quả kinh tế cao nhất trong trường hợp đốt trực tiếp trấu để sản xuất điện ở quy mô công xuất lớn (30MW) và khí hóa ở quy mô trung bình (5MW). Trường hợp dùng củi trấu không mang lại hiệu quả kinh tế so với dùng trực tiếp trấu để phát điện. Hai trường hợp dùng trấu để sản xuất dầu sinh học và khí hóa gas công suất lớn (30MW) cho thấy chi phí tăng cao so với điều kiện biên. Kịch bản cho kết quả khả thi về hiệu quả kinh tế và giảm phát thải CO2 là dùng trấu để nấu ăn, đốt trực tiếp để phát điện công suất lớn và khí hóa công suất trung bình.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE FUCTIONAL ROLE OF RICE MILLING COMPANY ON THE WELFARE OF RICE FARMERS IN THE SUB-DISTRICT BUAY MADANG TIMUR DISTRICT OKU TIMUR

Jurnal AKTUAL ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Aisah Aisah
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Result Show ◽  
Rice Milling ◽  
Processing And Storage

Rice Milling Company is rice industry’s oldest and largest classified in Indonesia, which is able to absorb more than 10 million workers, handles more than 40 million tons of grain.  Rice Milling Company agro-industy is the central point, because this is where the main product is obtained in the form of rice and raw materials for advanced processing of food and industrial products.  Rice Miling Unit in the district of OKU Timur there is some skala, ranging form small-scale, medium-scale to large-scale.  Fuctional benefits of each different scale milling is also different.  The average rice farmers often sell gabahnya to the rice milling unit closest to the place residence, whether it is large-scale, medium and small.  Rice produced by the milling-grinding different quality.  Usually when a large-scale millimg yield of rice is cleaner than the other scale.  But it does not become a reference for milling grain milling usually depends on consumer demand.  The purpose of the study are : 1.  To determine levels of volume (tonnage) and the retention time of each service fuctional rice storage (barns) wich carried a different scale rice milling unit.  2.  To determine differences in the bebefits of economic transactions received by farmers and rice millers of different scale of business, especially when seen from the level of the milling costs, the purchase price of rice by rice milling unit, and the quality of milling services and service scale.  The result show that : the fuctional role of each is different milling.  Large-scale milling has three fuctional roles are : Processing, storage and distribution.  Medium-scale miling functional has two roles, namely : processing and distribution.  While small-scale rice milling unit has only two functional roles are : processing and storage.

scholarly journals HYBRID GRIDS ANALYSIS WITH RENEWABLE ENERGY AND THERMAL ENERGY FOR STREET LIGHT -A CASE STUDY

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-254
Author(s):  
Rajeev Ranjan ◽  
Mahesh kr Nagar ◽  
M.Nithin Choudary ◽  
M.K. Paswan ◽  
Manish Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Generator System ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Dc System ◽  
Planning And Design

This paper presents a techno-economic assessment for a unique Isolated Hybrid Power System (IHPS) design which could be used for remote areas isolated from the grid which also has the capability of being operated as a smart the hybrid energy system considering solar and wind energy sources for the purpose of street lighting. Solar-Wind Street light is an intelligent, small scale, and off grid LED lighting system. The modelling design and simulations were based on Simulations conducted using the Data collected and HOMER Energy Planning and Design software tools. Its components are solar panel, wind generator system (PVC blowers), Dynamo, LDRs, battery, LED light, charge controller. The energy stored in battery during day time due to solar panel, get extracted by LEDs during the night time (because LDRs get activated due to absence of sun light). Wind also charges the batteries due to wind which is used for glowing street light. The advantage of this idea is to avoid daily running cost and make the system purely off-grid. In this prototype, we have used 12V DC system to supply energy to the lights.

scholarly journals Manurial amendments and source of water for supplemental irrigation of sawah-rice system influenced soil quality and rice yield

Agro-Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
A.L. Nnadi ◽  
V.U. Ugwu ◽  
J.C. Nwite ◽  
S.E. Obalum ◽  
C.A. Igwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Supplemental Irrigation ◽  
Husk Rice ◽  
Poultry Droppings

Soil and water management research on adapting the promising sawah ecotechnology for lowland rice farming in West Africa has largely focused on the abundant inland valleys; floodplains which too represent a huge agricultural resource in the region have not been so involved. Sawah refers to a bunded, puddled and leveled basin for rice, with water inlets and outlets for irrigation and drainage, respectively. In conventional sawah, soil fertility is augmented using mineral fertilizers, with an option to harness lowland water resources for use in small-scale irrigation to create the so-called sawah typologies. In this study, we evaluated the effects of three manurial amendments (rice husk, rice-husk ash and poultry droppings, each at 10 t ha–1) and NPK 20:10:10 at 400 kg ha–1 interacting with source of water (spring or pond) used for supplemental irrigation of three sawah typologies in a floodplain in southeastern Nigeria. Plots amended with poultry droppings and supplemented with spring water recorded the overall best performance of the sawah-rice system; the control being the unamended non-supplemented (solely rainfed) plots recorded the worst. Rice-husk ash and rice husk enhanced soil pH and soil organic carbon, respectively. The three sawah typologies showed a consistent trend thus spring-supplemented ≥ pond-supplemented ≥ non-supplemented sawah. Rice grain yield was influenced by soil total nitrogen and the sum of the three plant-nutrient basic cations (K+ , Ca2+ and Mg2+), with the influence of K+ alone being the greatest. To enhance rice performance including grain yields in floodplain sawah, farmers should utilise poultry droppings as soil manure and spring water for supplemental irrigation.

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