Common perinatal mental disorders and alcohol dependence in men in northern Viet Nam

2012 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Fisher ◽  
Thach Duc Tran ◽  
Trang Thu Nguyen ◽  
Tuan Tran
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Viet Nam

scholarly journals Mental disorders and total mortality after 20 years in an adult general population sample

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich John ◽  
Hans-Jürgen Rumpf ◽  
Monika Hanke ◽  
Christian Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
General Population ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background. General population data on associations between mental disorders and total mortality are rare. The aim was to analyze whether the number of mental disorders, single substance use, mood, anxiety, somatoform or eating disorders during the lifetime and whether treatment utilization may predict time to death 20 years later in the general adult population. Methods. We used data from the Composite International Diagnostic Interview, which includes DSM-IV diagnoses for substance use, mood, anxiety, somatoform, and eating disorders, for a sample of 4,075 residents in Germany who were 18–64 years old in 1996. Twenty years later, mortality was ascertained using the public mortality database for 4,028 study participants. Cox proportional hazards models were applied for disorders that existed at any time in life before the interview. Results. The data revealed increased hazard ratios (HRs) for number of mental disorders (three or more; HR 1.4; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1–1.9) and for single disorders (alcohol dependence, dysthymia, panic disorder with agoraphobia, and hypochondriasis), with the reference group being study participants who had not suffered from any of the mental disorders analyzed and with adjustments made for age, sex, and education. Among individuals with any mental disorder during their lifetimes, having been an inpatient in treatment for a mental disorder was related to a higher HR (2.2; CI 1.6–3.0) than was not having been in any treatment for a mental disorder. Conclusions. In this sample of adults in the general population, three or more mental disorders, alcohol dependence, dysthymia, panic disorder with agoraphobia, and hypochondriasis were related to premature death.

scholarly journals The Stigma of Alcohol Dependence Compared with Other Mental Disorders: A Review of Population Studies

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Schomerus ◽  
M. Lucht ◽  
A. Holzinger ◽  
H. Matschinger ◽  
M. G. Carta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Population Studies

scholarly journals Alcoholism: the dissection for endophenotypes

2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-163 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Neural Imaging ◽  
Intermediate Phenotypes

Alcohol dependence (alcoholism) is a complex disorder attributed to the interaction of genetic and environmental factors that form a collage of "disease" predisposition, which is not identical for every alcohol-dependent individual. There is considerable evidence to demonstrate that genetic predisposition accounts for roughly half the risk in the development of alcohol dependence. Both family and population studies have identified a number of genomic regions with suggestive links to alcoholism, yet there have been relatively few definitive findings with regard to genetic determinants of alcoholism. This ambiguity can be attributed to a multitude of complications of studying complex mental disorders, such as clinical heterogeneity, polygenic determinants, reduced penetrance, and epistatic effects. Complex mental disorders are clinical manifestations described by combinations of various signs and symptoms. One approach to overcoming the ambiguity in studying the association between genetic risk factors and disease is to dissect the complex, heterogeneous disorder by using intermediate phenotypes--or endophenotypes--to generate more homogeneous diagnostic groupings than an all-encompassing definition, such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV)-derived term "alcohol dependence" or the commonly used term "alcoholism." The advantage of using endophenotypes is that the number of influential factors that contribute to these characteristics should be fewer and more easily identified than the number of factors affecting the heterogeneous entity of alcohol dependence (alcoholism). A variety of alcohol-related characteristics have been investigated in epidemiological, clinical, and basic research as potential endophenotypes of alcohol dependence. These include phenotypes related to alcohol metabolism, physiological and endocrine measures, neural imaging, electrophysiology, personality, drinking behavior, and responses to alcohol and alcohol-derived cues. This review summarizes the current literature, focused on human data, of promising endophenotypes for dissecting alcoholism.

Characteristics of homeless mentally ill people who lose contact with caring agencies

1994 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 160-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Marshall ◽  
Julia Nehring ◽  
Catherine Taylor ◽  
Denis Gath
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Loss Of Contact ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

AbstractObjective: To discover whether (as predicted in the literature) loss of contact with caring agencies is related to age, substance dependence, a history of law-breaking, or a diagnosis of schizophrenia.Method: A consecutive series of 71 homeless people with mental disorders was recruited over a period of 18 months. The subjects were new referrals to psychiatrists working in a primary health care clinic for the homeless. The subjects were then followed up for a further 18 months (maximum follow up time 36 months, minimum follow up time 18 months) to determine duration of contact with Oxford services for helping the homeless (survival time).Results: Survival analyses indicated that early loss of contact with Oxford services for helping the homeless was strongly predicted by substance (mainly alcohol) dependence in the month before first attendance at the clinic (generalised Wilcoxon 15.8, p<0.001). Homeless people with mental disorders who are also alcohol dependent, were five times more likely to lose contact with caring agencies than homeless people with mental disorders who were not alcohol dependent (hazard ratio 5.05,95% confidence limits 14.9-3.0).Conclusions: Amongst homeless people with mental disorder, there appears to be an association between substance (mainly alcohol) dependence and loss of contact with caring agencies. This may be because homeless people with a dual diagnosis of mental disorder and substance dependence, tend to be more mobile than those who are not substance dependent.

scholarly journals Is it time for baclofen to be included in the official recommendations concerning the treatment of alcoholism?

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
Sebastian Masternak ◽  
Nikodem Skoczeń ◽  
Ewelina Dziwota ◽  
Marcin Olajossy
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Alcoholism Treatment ◽  
Destructive Effect ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Impaired Ability ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Alcoholism Therapy

AbstractAlcohol dependence and its treatment is not an exactly resolved problem. Based on the EZOP [Epidemiology of Mental Disorders and Accessibility of Mental Health Care] survey, which included a regular analysis of the incidence of mental disorders in the population of adult Polish citizens, we were able to estimate that the problem of alcohol abuse in any period of life affects even 10.9% of the population aged 18-64 years, and those addicted represent 2.2% of the country’s population. The typical symptoms of alcohol dependence according to ICD-10, include alcohol craving, impaired ability to control alcohol consumption, withdrawal symptoms which appear when a heavy drinker stops drinking, alternating alcohol tolerance, growing neglect of other areas of life, and persistent alcohol intake despite clear evidence of its destructive effect on life. At the moment, the primary method of alcoholism treatment is psychotherapy. It aims to change the patient’s habits, behaviours, relationships, or the way of thinking. It seems that psychotherapy is irreplaceable in the treatment of alcoholism, but for many years now attempts have been made to increase the effectiveness of alcoholism treatment with pharmacological agents. In this article we will try to provide a description of medications which help patients sustain abstinence in alcoholism therapy with particular emphasis on baclofen.

Association of alcohol dependence syndrome with clinical and psychological characteristics of suicidal behavior in individuals with organic mental disorders and aggressive behavior (moral and ethical features)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
I. M. Petrov ◽  
◽  
N. N. Spaderova ◽  
O. N. Maltseva ◽  
T. V. Kovalskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Interpersonal Interaction ◽  
Addictive Disorders ◽  
Mood Instability ◽  
Organic Mental Disorders ◽  
Alcohol Dependence Syndrome

Purpose of the study: to study the association of alcohol dependence syndrome with the clinical and psychological characteristics of patients with organic mental disorders, aggressive behavior, and suicidal attempts. Materials and methods: we examined 842 patients with organic mental disorders, addictive disorders and aggressive behavior who made a suicide attempt from 1991 to 2018 in the Tyumen region, which were divided into two groups: 1) 421 patients who were diagnosed with an organic mental disorder (in categories F06.6, F06.7, F06. 8, F07.8): 201 men and 220 women; 2) 421 people with organic mental disorders of the above categories and alcohol dependence (F10.242, F10.252, F10.262): 208 men and 213 women. Results and discussion. According to the data of the clinical conversation, the structure of subjective indicators characterizing various disorders of the neuropsychiatric state was described in individuals with high and low levels of factors contributing to the development of suicidal behavior. When assessing the relative risk of factors contributing to the development of suicidal activity, when comparing the indicators of the clinical and mental status of men and women of the studied groups, a 95% confidence interval was determined: mood instability (1.34), psychosomatic complaints (1.03), sleep disorders (1.09), interpersonal interaction problems (1.02), psychopathic (1.48), depressive (1.11) reactions and self-esteem inadequacy (1.05). Conclusions: when comparing the indicators of the neuropsychiatric status in persons with organic mental disorders, aggressive behavior and addictive disorders who have committed suicide attempts, more than half (75.6%) of the examined persons revealed a high level of factors for the development of suicidal activity: 38.0% of women and 37.6% of men. Clinical and psychological parameters were significantly (p < 0.001) characterized by: mood instability (12.4%), difficulties in interpersonal interaction (11.6%), prenosological neurotic (8.5%), psychopathic (8.9%) and depressive (6.2%) reactions. The results obtained can be used to develop effective prevention and rehabilitation measures using digital resources.

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