140. Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Adolescents and Young Adults: General Trends and Gender Differences

Background: Adolescents and young adults in South Africa are at increased risk of experiencing negative outcomes from early sex initiation due to the context they develop in. This study aimed at investigating trends and gender differences in early age at sexual debut.Methods: Data from the Cape Area Panel Study (CAPS) of young adults’ conducted between 2002 and 2009 in urban Cape Town were used. Correlates of early sex using ecological risk factors were analysed. Results: Overall mean age at sexual debut at follow-up was 17.5 years (standard deviation (SD) =2.5), with males at 16.8 years (SD=2.5) and 18.1 years (SD=2.4) for females. Males consistently reported an earlier age at sex debut across the five waves of the survey. Significant risk factors for early sex appeared at all levels of the ecology to include individual, household, and community factors. Conclusions: Integrated interventions for delaying early sex debut should consider factors within the ecology of the young adults’ development context.Keywords: Sex debut, adolescents and young adults, contextual risk factors, cumulative risk.

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Race and gender differences in serum lipoproteins of children, adolescents, and young adults—Emergence of an adverse lipoprotein pattern in white males: The Bogalusa Heart Study

Preventive Medicine ◽

10.1016/0091-7435(91)90063-a ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 20 (6) ◽

pp. 671-684 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Sathanur R. Srinivasan ◽

Wendy Wattigney ◽

Larry S. Webber ◽

Gerald S. Berenson

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Young Adults ◽

Adolescents And Young Adults ◽

Serum Lipoproteins ◽

Bogalusa Heart Study ◽

Race And Gender ◽

White Males ◽

Heart Study ◽

And Gender ◽

Lipoprotein Pattern

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Race and gender differences in attitudes toward help seeking among marginalized young adults with mood disorders: A mixed-methods investigation.

Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal ◽

10.1037/prj0000312 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 277-289 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sarah C. Narendorf ◽

Michelle R. Munson ◽

Shelly Ben-David ◽

Andrea R. Cole ◽

Lionel D. Scott

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Young Adults ◽

Mixed Methods ◽

Mood Disorders ◽

Help Seeking ◽

Race And Gender ◽

And Gender

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Do They Really Mean It? Children’s Inference of Speaker Intentions and the Role of Age and Gender

Language and Speech ◽

10.1177/0023830919878742 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 689-712

Author(s):

K. Rothermich ◽

O. Caivano ◽

L.J. Knoll ◽

V. Talwar

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Young Adults ◽

Video Clip ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Video Clips ◽

Age And Gender Differences ◽

Speaker Intentions ◽

And Gender

Interpreting other people’s intentions during communication represents a remarkable challenge for children. Although many studies have examined children’s understanding of, for example, sarcasm, less is known about their interpretation. Using realistic audiovisual scenes, we invited 124 children between 8 and 12 years old to watch video clips of young adults using different speaker intentions. After watching each video clip, children answered questions about the characters and their beliefs, and the perceived friendliness of the speaker. Children’s responses reveal age and gender differences in the ability to interpret speaker belief and social intentions, especially for scenarios conveying teasing and prosocial lies. We found that the ability to infer speaker belief of prosocial lies and to interpret social intentions increases with age. Our results suggest that children at the age of 8 years already show adult-like abilities to understand literal statements, whereas the ability to infer specific social intentions, such as teasing and prosocial lies, is still developing between the age of 8 and 12 years. Moreover, girls performed better in classifying prosocial lies and sarcasm as insincere than boys. The outcomes expand our understanding of how children observe speaker intentions and suggest further research into the development of teasing and prosocial lie interpretation.

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