P2-426: Prevalence and Risk Factor of Cognitive Impairment were Different Between Urban and Rural Populations: A Community-Based Study

Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most frequently occurring neurodegenerative disease; however, little work has been conducted examining biomarkers of AD among Mexican Americans. Here, we examined diffusion tensor MRI marker profiles for detecting mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in a multi-ethnic cohort. Methods: 3T MRI measures of fractional anisotropy (FA) were examined among 1,636 participants of the ongoing community-based Health & Aging Brain among Latino Elders (HABLE) community-based study (Mexican American n = 851; non-Hispanic white n = 785). Results: The FA profile was highly accurate in detecting both MCI (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] = 0.99) and dementia (AUC = 0.98). However, the FA profile varied significantly not only between diagnostic groups but also between Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites. Conclusion: Findings suggest that diffusion tensor imaging markers may have a role in the neurodiagnostic process for detecting MCI and dementia among diverse populations.

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Long-Term Blood Pressure Variability Increases Risks of Dementia and Cognitive Decline: A Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.17788 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Pingping Jia ◽

Helen W.Y. Lee ◽

Joyce Y.C. Chan ◽

Karen K.L. Yiu ◽

Kelvin K.F. Tsoi

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Longitudinal Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Hazard Ratio ◽

Literature Searches ◽

Meta Regression

High blood pressure (BP) is considered as an important risk factor for cognitive impairment and dementia. BP variability (BPV) may contribute to cognitive function decline or even dementia regardless of BP level. This study aims to investigate whether BPV is an independent predictor for cognitive impairment or dementia. Literature searches were performed in MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Web of Science to May 2021. Longitudinal studies that assessed the risk of dementia or cognitive impairment with BPV as the predictor was included. Meta-analysis and meta-regression were performed to evaluate the effect of BPV on the risk of dementia or cognitive impairment. A total of 5919 papers were identified, and 16 longitudinal studies were included, which had >7 million participants and a median age from 50.9 to 79.9 years and a median follow-up of around 4 years. Thirteen studies reported visit-to-visit BPV and concluded that systolic BPV increases the risk of dementia with a pooled hazard ratio of 1.11 (95% CI, 1.05–1.17), and increases the risk of cognitive impairment with a pooled hazard ratio of 1.10 (95% CI, 1.06–1.15). Visit-to-visit diastolic BPV also increased the risk of dementia and cognitive decline. A meta-regression revealed a linear relationship between higher BPV and risks of dementia and cognitive impairment. Similar findings were observed in the studies with day-to-day BPV. This study suggests that long-term BPV is an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment or dementia, so an intervention plan for reducing BPV can be a target for early prevention of dementia.

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Abstract 14964: Sudden Cardiac Death in Current vs. Former Smokers

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.130.suppl_2.14964 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽

Author(s):

Kyndaron Reinier ◽

Carmen Teodorescu ◽

Audrey Uy-Evanado ◽

Karen Gunson ◽

Jonathan Jui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Sudden Cardiac Death ◽

Medical Records ◽

Cardiac Death ◽

Smoking Prevalence ◽

Smoking History ◽

Common Finding ◽

Behavioral Risk ◽

Community Based ◽

Former Smokers

Introduction: Smoking is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular disease, but its role in sudden cardiac death (SCD) specifically has not been as well investigated. We sought to describe smoking prevalence among cases that suffered SCD in the general population. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that smoking prevalence would be high among SCD cases. Methods: Cases of SCD from an ongoing multiple-source community-based study of SCD in the northwest US (pop. approx. 1 million) were included if they were age ≥18 with smoking history available from medical records. We describe the prevalence of smoking in the SCD population, as well as characteristics of smokers vs. non-smokers. Results: From 2002 -2012, 1833 (76%) of 2402 SCD cases had pre-SCD medical records available, and smoking history was available for 1241 (68%) of these. While 2007-8 community data (Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Study) indicated that 16% of Oregonian adults were current smokers, among the SCD cases, 40% were current smokers, 31% former smokers, and 29% non-smokers. Men were more likely than women to be current smokers (42% vs. 37%) or former smokers (35% vs. 23%); 40% of women and 24% of men were non-smokers (p<0.0001). Among SCD cases, current smokers were significantly younger at the time of their SCD (57.8 ± 13.2 yrs) than former smokers (70.0 ± 12.9 yrs) or non-smokers (66.6 ± 17.9 yrs; p<0.0001), despite a similar number of years smoked among the current and former smokers (33 vs 29 years, p=0.22). Former smokers were more likely to have a history of myocardial infarction and documented CAD than current smokers (p<0.0001). Conclusions: In this community-based study of SCD, current and former smoking was a common finding; current smokers suffered SCD at a younger age than former smokers, despite less documented CAD and MI at the time of their arrest.

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Utility of a Computerised Cognitive Screen in MCI and Depression in an Older Population

Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling ◽

10.1375/jrc.16.1.14 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 14-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Rachell Kingsbury ◽

Nancy A. Pachana ◽

Michael Humphreys ◽

Gerry Tehan ◽

Gerard J.A. Byrne

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Operating Characteristic ◽

Memory Loss ◽

Partial Support ◽

Community Based ◽

Symptoms Of Depression ◽

Clinically Significant ◽

Cognitive Screen

AbstractThe current study investigated the ability of CogniScreen to differentiate older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from those reporting symptoms of depression. Participants included 140 community-based adults (30 MCI, 15 self-rated depressed, and 95 typical older adults) aged 50–89 years. Intergroup comparisons performed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses suggest tasks within CogniScreen are sensitive to clinically significant memory loss. Data provided partial support for some CogniScreen tasks to also differentiate individuals with MCI from those who are depressed. Results suggest CogniScreen may be potentially useful in screening older adults for early cognitive decline.

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