Male gender is an independent risk factor for major infection after severe blunt trauma

BackgroundObstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with higher body mass index (BMI), diabetes, older age and male gender, which are all risk factors for severe COVID-19.We aimed to study if OSA is an independent risk factor for COVID-19 infection or for severe COVID-19.MethodsOSA diagnosis and COVID-19 infection were extracted from the hospital discharge, causes of death and infectious diseases registries in individuals who participated in the FinnGen study (n=260 405). Severe COVID-19 was defined as COVID-19 requiring hospitalisation. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to examine association. Comorbidities for either COVID-19 or OSA were selected as covariates. We performed a meta-analysis with previous studies.ResultsWe identified 445 individuals with COVID-19, and 38 (8.5%) of them with OSA of whom 19 out of 91 (20.9%) were hospitalised. OSA associated with COVID-19 hospitalisation independent from age, sex, BMI and comorbidities (p-unadjusted=5.13×10−5, OR-adjusted=2.93 (95% CI 1.02 to 8.39), p-adjusted=0.045). OSA was not associated with the risk of contracting COVID-19 (p=0.25). A meta-analysis of OSA and severe COVID-19 showed association across 15 835 COVID-19 positive controls, and n=1294 patients with OSA with severe COVID-19 (OR=2.37 (95% 1.14 to 4.95), p=0.021).ConclusionRisk for contracting COVID-19 was the same for patients with OSA and those without OSA. In contrast, among COVID-19 positive patients, OSA was associated with higher risk for hospitalisation. Our findings are in line with earlier works and suggest OSA as an independent risk factor for severe COVID-19.

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Pelvic Ring Fractures Are an Independent Risk Factor for Death After Blunt Trauma

Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery ◽

10.1097/ta.0b013e3181cb49d1 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 68 (4) ◽

pp. 930-934 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Jeff E. Schulman ◽

Robert V. O’Toole ◽

Renan C. Castillo ◽

Theodore Manson ◽

Marcus F. Sciadini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Blunt Trauma ◽

Independent Risk Factor ◽

Pelvic Ring ◽

Pelvic Ring Fractures

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The Epidemiology of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms in New Zealand between 2010 and 2017: Insights from the New Zealand Cancer Registry

Current Oncology ◽

10.3390/curroncol28020146 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 1544-1557

Author(s):

Chris Varghese ◽

Tracey Immanuel ◽

Anna Ruskova ◽

Edward Theakston ◽

Maggie L. Kalev-Zylinska

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

New Zealand ◽

Cancer Registry ◽

Independent Risk Factor ◽

Myeloproliferative Neoplasms ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Philadelphia Chromosome ◽

Ethnic Disparities ◽

Male Gender ◽

Polycythaemia Vera

Background: There is a paucity of data on ethnic disparities in patients with the classical Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs): polycythaemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythaemia (ET) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). Methods: This study analysed the demographic data for PV, ET and PMF collected by the New Zealand Cancer Registry (NZCR) between 2010 and 2017. Results: We found that the NZCR capture rates were lower than average international incidence rates for PV and ET, but higher for PMF (0.76, 0.99 and 0.82 per 100,000, respectively). PV patients were older and had worse outcomes than expected, which suggests these patients were reported to the registry at an advanced stage of their disease. Polynesian patients with all MPN subtypes, PV, ET and PMF, were younger than their European counterparts both at the time of diagnosis and death (p < 0.001). Male gender was an independent risk factor for mortality from PV and PMF (hazard ratios (HR) of 1.43 and 1.81, respectively; p < 0.05), and Māori ethnicity was an independent risk factor for mortality from PMF (HR: 2.94; p = 0.006). Conclusions: New Zealand Polynesian patients may have increased genetic predisposition to MPN, thus we advocate for modern genetic testing in this ethnic group to identify the cause. Further work is also required to identify modifiable risk factors for mortality in MPN, in particular those associated with male gender and Māori ethnicity; the results may benefit all patients with MPN.

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Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated With Preeclampsia, Low Birth Weight and Postpartum Hemorrhage in Northern Ghana

10.21203/rs.3.rs-109200/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Benjamin Ahenkorah ◽

Samuel Sakyi ◽

Gideon Helegbe ◽

Eddie Owiredu ◽

Winfred Ofosu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Vaginal Delivery ◽

Postpartum Hemorrhage ◽

Maternal Age ◽

Independent Risk Factor ◽

Male Gender ◽

Northern Ghana ◽

Maternal Complications

Abstract Background: The study evaluated the risks for developing low birth weight (LBW), preeclampsia (PE) and postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) in relation to maternal socio-demographic, obstetric characteristics and clinical laboratory information obtained at 1st antenatal care (ANC) visit.Methods: The study included 268 pregnant women attending 1st ANC visit at the Bolgatanga Regional Hospital. Structured questionnaires were used to obtain socio-demographic and obstetric data from respondents. The main variables were LBW, PPH, PE, mode of delivery, residency, gestational age at 1st ANC visit, maternal age, sickling positivity, Hb at 1st ANC visit, Hb genotype and G6PD status. Odds ratio [OR, 95% confidence interval (CI)] for the association between sociodemographic, obstetric characteristics and clinical variables in relation to PE, LBW and PPH were assessed using logistic regression model.Results: The prevalence of PE, LBW and PPH were 25.4% (68/268), 15.7% (42/268) and 6.0% (16/268), respectively. For PE, delayed 1st ANC visit (AOR=16.82, 95% CI (3.61-78.5), p=0.000) and younger maternal age (AOR= 15.19, 95% CI (1.85-124.56), p=0.011) were independently associated with higher odds whereas vaginal delivery (AOR=0.32, 95% CI (0.15-0.71), p=0.015) was independently associated with reduced odds. Delayed 1st ANC visit (AOR=0.12, 95% CI (0.03-0.47)), p=0.002) independently reduced the risk of PPH whereas the male gender (AOR=7.75, 95% CI (1.60-37.51), p=0.011) independently increased the risk of PPH. Lastly, delayed 1st ANC visit (AOR=3.26, 95% CI (1.05-10.10), p=0.041) was independently associated with increased odds of LBW whereas vaginal delivery (AOR=0.36, 95% CI (0.17-0.74), p=0.006) was an independent risk factor for LBW in the multivariate model.Conclusion: The study identified delayed ANC visit as an independent risk factor for PE, LBW and PPH in Northern Ghana. Vaginal delivery and younger maternal age were also independent risk factors for PE. Additionally, the male gender was independently associated with PPH whereas vaginal delivery was independently associated with LBW. We recommend that public health education for pregnant women that highlights the importance of early ANC visit be enhanced. This will facilitate early identification and intervention for women with risk of foeto-maternal complications. Younger women should be educated on the dangers 48 of early marriages with its attendant foeto-maternal complications.

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Is the Male Gender an Independent Risk Factor for Complication in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy for Acute Cholecystitis?

International Surgery ◽

10.9738/intsurg-d-14-00151.1 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 100 (5) ◽

pp. 854-859 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Peter C. Ambe ◽

Lothar Köhler

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽

Acute Cholecystitis ◽

Independent Risk Factor ◽

Standard Procedure ◽

Male Gender ◽

Conversion To Open Surgery ◽

Male Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Male Patients

This paper was designed to investigate the gender dependent risk of complication in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the standard procedure for benign gallbladder disorders. The role of gender as an independent risk factor for complicated laparoscopic cholecystectomy remains unclear. A retrospective single-center analysis of laparoscopic cholecystectomies performed for acute cholecystitis over a 5-year period in a community hospital was performed. Within the period of examination, 1884 laparoscopic cholecystectomies were performed. The diagnosis was acute cholecystitis in 779 cases (462 female, 317 male). The male group was significantly older (P = 0.001). Surgery lasted significantly longer in the male group (P = 0.008). Conversion was done in 35 cases (4.5%). There was no significant difference in the rate of conversion between both groups. However the rate of conversion was significantly higher in male patients > 65 years (P = 0.006). The length of postoperative hospital stay was significantly longer in the male group (P = 0.007), in the group > 65 years (P = 0.001) and following conversion to open surgery (P = 0.001). The male gender was identified as an independent risk factor for prolonged laparoscopic cholecystectomy on multivariate analysis. The male gender could be an independent risk factor for complicated or challenging surgery in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis.

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Male gender is an independent risk factor for patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: an MBSAQIP® database analysis

Surgical Endoscopy ◽

10.1007/s00464-019-07106-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (8) ◽

pp. 3574-3583 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nicholas Dugan ◽

Kyle J. Thompson ◽

Selwan Barbat ◽

Tanushree Prasad ◽

Iain H. McKillop ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Bypass ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽

Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽

Independent Risk Factor ◽

Male Gender ◽

Database Analysis

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Large Gender Gap in Oral Hygiene Behavior and Its Impact on Gingival Health in Late Adolescence

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17124394 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (12) ◽

pp. 4394 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Masanobu Abe ◽

Akihisa Mitani ◽

Kazuto Hoshi ◽

Shintaro Yanagimoto

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Independent Risk Factor ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Male Gender ◽

Late Adolescents ◽

Gingival Bleeding ◽

Hygiene Behavior ◽

Gingival Health ◽

Oral Hygiene Behavior

Background: Epidemiologic studies provide broad-based evidence that males are at greater risk of severe periodontal diseases than females. Our recent findings further revealed that male gender was an independent risk factor for gingival bleeding in late adolescents in Japan. Gingival health status has been reported to be affected by oral hygiene behavior. However, gender difference in this regard has not yet been clarified. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of mandatory medical questionnaires administered as part of a legally required freshman medical checkup between April 2017 and 2019 at the University of Tokyo. Results: Among a total of 9376 sets of responses, chosen subjects were 9098 students aged 17–19. For frequency of daily brushing, males brushed less frequently than females (p < 0.001): 1 time or less (male: 22.9%, female: 11.2%), twice (65.0%, 69.2%), 3 times or more (12.1%, 19.6%). For the duration of brushing each time, males brushed for a shorter period of time than females (p = 0.005): 1 min or less (male: 17.2%, female: 14.1%), 2–3 min (46.9%, 49.2%), 4 min or more (35.9%, 36.7%). (1) Male gender, (2) lower frequency of daily brushing and (3) shorter duration of brushing each time, were significantly associated with the presence of gingival bleeding (p < 0.001 for all). Multivariate regression analysis showed that: (1) male gender (odds ratio 1.29, 95% confidence interval 1.15–1.44); (2) frequency of daily brushing: 1 time or less (2.36, 2.02–2.76), twice (1.45, 1.27–1.67); and (3) brushing duration each time: 1 min or less (1.57, 1.39–1.78), 2–3 min (1.26, 1.14–1.39), were independent risk factors for gingival bleeding (p < 0.001 for all). Conclusions: Males showed poorer oral hygiene behavior than females in late adolescents in Japan. Male gender was an independent risk factor for gingival bleeding, as well as poor oral hygiene behavior.

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