scholarly journals Association between Dietary Energy Density and Incident Type 2 Diabetes in the Women’s Health Initiative

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (5) ◽  
pp. 778-785.e1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie D. Hingle ◽  
Betsy C. Wertheim ◽  
Marian L. Neuhouser ◽  
Lesley F. Tinker ◽  
Barbara V. Howard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
Incident Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Dietary Energy Density ◽  
The Women’S Health Initiative

scholarly journals Greater Adherence to the Portfolio Diet Is Associated with Lower Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in the Women's Health Initiative

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1034-1034
Author(s):  
Andrea Glenn ◽  
Kenneth Lo ◽  
David Jenkins ◽  
Beatrice Boucher ◽  
Anthony Hanley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
Incident Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diet Score ◽  
The Women’S Health Initiative

Abstract Objectives To assess the association of the plant-based cholesterol-lowering diet, the Portfolio Diet, with incident type 2 diabetes in women. Methods We followed 147,732 postmenopausal women initially free of diabetes in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) Clinical Trials and Observational Study from 1993 through 2017. Adherence to the Portfolio Diet was assessed using an a priori diet index based on six food categories (high in plant protein [soy & pulses], nuts, viscous fiber, plant sterols and monounsaturated fat, and low in saturated fat) that were previously found to lower cardiovascular risk factors in the Portfolio Diet trials. We used Cox proportional-hazard models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the association of adherence to a Portfolio Diet score with incident type 2 diabetes, adjusting for potential confounders (demographics, lifestyle behaviors, and medical history). The Portfolio Diet score was cumulatively assessed at baseline and year three using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Type 2 diabetes diagnosis was ascertained by self-reported medication use. Results There were 14,096 cases of incident type 2 diabetes over a mean follow-up of 14.3 years. In the fully adjusted models, adherence to the Portfolio Diet score was associated with a lower risk of incident type 2 diabetes (HR, 0.88, CIs, 0.83, 0.93; P for trend < 0.001), comparing the highest to lowest quartiles of adherence. Results remained similar across subgroup analyses (age, body mass index, family history of diabetes, and ethnicity) and several sensitivity analyses. Conclusions Among postmenopausal women, higher adherence to the Portfolio Diet was associated with lower incident type 2 diabetes. These findings are the first to show that the Portfolio Diet may be associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes and warrants further investigation. Funding Sources The WHI was funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. AJG was supported by the Banting & Best Diabetes Centre Tamarack Graduate Award in Diabetes Research, the Peterborough K.M. Hunter Charitable Foundation Graduate Award, and an Ontario Graduate Scholarship. JLS was funded by a Diabetes Canada Clinician Scientist Award.

scholarly journals Associations of Number of Daily Eating Occasions with Type 2 Diabetes Risk in the Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian L Neuhouser ◽  
Betsy C Wertheim ◽  
Martine M Perrigue ◽  
Melanie Hingle ◽  
Lesley F Tinker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Incident Diabetes ◽  
Dietary Modification ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Eating Occasions ◽  
The Women’S Health Initiative

ABSTRACT Background Over 23 million Americans have type 2 diabetes (T2D). Eating habits such as breakfast consumption, time-restricted eating, and limiting daily eating occasions have been explored as behaviors for reducing T2D risk, but prior evidence is inconclusive. Objectives Our objectives were to examine associations between number of daily eating occasions and T2D risk in the Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification Trial (WHI-DM) and whether associations vary by BMI, age, or race/ethnicity. Methods Participants were postmenopausal women in the WHI-DM who comprised a 4.6% subsample completing 24-h dietary recalls (24HRs) at years 3 and 6 as part of trial adherence activities (n = 2159). Numbers of eating occasions per day were obtained from the year 3 24HRs, and participants were grouped into approximate tertiles as 1–3 (n = 795), 4 (n = 713), and ≥5 (n = 651) daily eating occasions as the exposure. Incident diabetes was self-reported on semiannual questionnaires as the outcome. Results Approximately 15% (15.4%, n = 332) of the WHI-DM 24HR cohort reported incident diabetes at follow-up. Cox proportional hazards regression tested associations of eating occasions with T2D adjusted for neighborhood socioeconomic status, BMI, waist circumference, race/ethnicity, family history of T2D, recreational physical activity, Healthy Eating Index-2005, 24HR energy intake, and WHI-DM arm. Compared with women reporting 1–3 meals/d, those consuming 4 meals/d had a T2D HR = 1.38 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.84) without further increases in risk for ≥5 meals/d. In stratified analyses, associations for 4 meals/d compared with 1–3 meals/d were stronger in women with BMI <30.0 kg/m2 (HR = 1.55; 95% CI: 1.00, 2.39) and women aged ≥60 (HR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.11, 2.33). Conclusions Four meals per day compared with 1–3 meals/d was associated with increased risk of T2D in postmenopausal women, but no dose–response effect was observed for additional eating occasions. Further studies are needed to understand eating occasions in relation to T2D risk.

764-P: Low Dietary Energy Density (DED) Diet Is Associated with Favorable Dietary Pattern in Japanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM)

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 764-P
Author(s):  
YASUNAGA TAKEDA ◽  
KAZUYA FUJIHARA ◽  
MARIKO HATTA ◽  
SAKIKO Y. MORIKAWA ◽  
CHIKA HORIKAWA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Dietary Energy Density

scholarly journals Branched-chain amino acid, meat intake and risk of type 2 diabetes in the Women’s Health Initiative

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (11) ◽  
pp. 1523-1530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Isanejad ◽  
Andrea Z. LaCroix ◽  
Cynthia A. Thomson ◽  
Lesley Tinker ◽  
Joseph C. Larson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Meat Intake ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acid ◽  
Total Meat ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
The Women’S Health Initiative

AbstractKnowledge regarding association of dietary branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), and the contribution of BCAA from meat to the risk of T2D are scarce. We evaluated associations between dietary BCAA intake, meat intake, interaction between BCAA and meat intake and risk of T2D. Data analyses were performed for 74 155 participants aged 50−79 years at baseline from the Women’s Health Initiative for up to 15 years of follow-up. We excluded from analysis participants with treated T2D, and factors potentially associated with T2D or missing covariate data. The BCAA and total meat intake was estimated from FFQ. Using Cox proportional hazards models, we assessed the relationship between BCAA intake, meat intake, and T2D, adjusting for confounders. A 20 % increment in total BCAA intake (g/d and %energy) was associated with a 7 % higher risk for T2D (hazard ratio (HR) 1·07; 95 % CI 1·05, 1·09). For total meat intake, a 20 % increment was associated with a 4 % higher risk of T2D (HR 1·04; 95 % CI 1·03, 1·05). The associations between BCAA intake and T2D were attenuated but remained significant after adjustment for total meat intake. These relations did not materially differ with or without adjustment for BMI. Our results suggest that dietary BCAA and meat intake are positively associated with T2D among postmenopausal women. The association of BCAA and diabetes risk was attenuated but remained positive after adjustment for meat intake suggesting that BCAA intake in part but not in full is contributing to the association of meat with T2D risk.

scholarly journals Multiple Healthful Dietary Patterns and Type 2 Diabetes in the Women's Health Initiative

2016 ◽  
Vol 183 (7) ◽  
pp. 622-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M. Cespedes ◽  
Frank B. Hu ◽  
Lesley Tinker ◽  
Bernard Rosner ◽  
Susan Redline ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Women's Health Initiative ◽  
Women’S Health Initiative ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
The Women’S Health Initiative
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