Improving 30 day readmissions: Pharmacy students’ role in transitions of care

Author(s):  
Shelby Kelsh ◽  
Margaret de Voest ◽  
Michael Stout
2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (15) ◽  
pp. 1266-1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy L’Hommedieu ◽  
Michael DeCoske ◽  
Rania El Lababidi ◽  
Nicholas Ladell

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Sproul ◽  
Carole Goodine ◽  
David Moore ◽  
Amy McLeod ◽  
Jacqueline Gordon ◽  
...  

<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Medication reconciliation at transitions of care increases patient safety. Collection of an accurate best possible medication history (BPMH) on admission is a key step. National quality indicators are used as surrogate markers for BPMH quality, but no literature on their accuracy exists. Obtaining a high-quality BPMH is often labour- and resource intensive. Pharmacy students are now being assigned to obtain BPMHs, as a cost-effective means to increase BPMH completion, despite limited information to support the quality of BPMHs obtained by students relative to other health care professionals.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine whether the national quality indicator of using more than one source to complete a BPMH is a true marker of quality and to assess whether BPMHs obtained by pharmacy students were of quality equal to those obtained by nurses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective trial compared BPMHs for the same group of patients collected by nurses and by trained pharmacy students in the emergency departments of 2 sites within a large health network over a 2-month period (July and August 2016). Discrepancies between the 2 versions were identified by a pharmacist, who determined which party (nurse, pharmacy student, or both) had made an error. A panel of experts reviewed the errors and ranked their severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BPMHs were prepared for a total of 40 patients. Those prepared by nurses were more likely to contain an error than those prepared by pharmacy students (171 versus 43 errors, <em>p </em>= 0.006). There was a nonsignificant trend toward less severe errors in BPMHs completed by pharmacy students. There was no significant difference in the mean number of errors in relation to the specified quality indicator (mean of 2.7 errors for BPMHs prepared from 1 source versus 4.8 errors for BPMHs prepared from ≥ 2 sources, <em>p </em>= 0.08).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The surrogate marker (number of BPMH sources) may not reflect BPMH quality. However, it appears that BPMHs prepared by pharmacy students had fewer errors and were of similar quality (in terms of clinically significant errors) relative to those prepared by nurses.</p><p><strong>RÉSUMÉ</strong></p><p><strong>Contexte : </strong>L’établissement du bilan comparatif des médicaments au moment du transfert des soins accroît la sécurité des patients. L’obtention d’un meilleur schéma thérapeutique possible (MSTP) exact à l’admission en est une étape clé. Des indicateurs nationaux de la qualité sont utilizes comme critères de substitution pour évaluer la qualité des MSTP, mais il n’y a pas de documentation se penchant sur leur exactitude. Obtenir un MSTP de grande qualité est souvent exigeant sur le plan du personnel et des ressources. Des étudiants en pharmacie se voient maintenant confier l’élaboration de MSTP, une façon peu coûteuse d’accroître les taux de réalisation de MSTP; or, il n’y a que peu d’information pour valider le degré de qualité des MSTP obtenus par des étudiants en comparaison avec ceux produits par d’autres professionnels de la santé.</p><p><strong>Objectifs : </strong>Déterminer si l’indicateur national de qualité basé sur le recours à plus d’une source de renseignements pour réaliser un MSTP est un vrai marqueur de qualité et évaluer la qualité relative des MSTP de la part des étudiants en pharmacie et du personnel infirmier.</p><p><strong>Méthodes : </strong>Dans la présente étude prospective réalisée sur une période de deux mois (en juillet et en août 2016), les chercheurs ont comparé les MSTP recueillis auprès du même groupe de patients par du personnel infirmier et par des étudiants en pharmacie qualifiés dans les services des urgences de deux établissements faisant partie d’un important réseau de santé. Un pharmacien relevait les divergences entre les deux versions du MSTP et imputait l’erreur soit au personnel infirmier, soit à l’étudiant en pharmacie ou soit aux deux parties. Un groupe d’experts a étudié les erreurs et leur a accordé une cote selon leur degré de gravité.</p><p><strong>Résultats : </strong>Des MSTP ont été réalisés auprès de 40 patients. Ceux préparés par le personnel infirmier étaient plus susceptibles de contenir une erreur que ceux établis par les étudiants en pharmacie (171 contre 43 erreurs, <em>p </em>= 0,006). On a noté une tendance non significative selon laquelle les erreurs commises par les étudiants en pharmacie étaient moins graves. Aucune différence significative n’a été relevée quant au nombre moyen d’erreurs par rapport à l’indicateur de qualité (2,7 pour les MSTP provenant d’une source contre 4,8 pour les MSTP provenant de deux sources ou plus, <em>p </em>= 0,08).</p><p><strong>Conclusions : </strong>Le critère de substitution (nombre de sources pour le MSTP) pourrait ne pas être représentatif de la qualité du MSTP. Cependant, il semble que les MSTP préparés par les étudiants en pharmacie comportaient moins d’erreurs et étaient de qualité comparable (quant aux erreurs cliniquement significatives) à ceux établis par le personnel infirmier.</p>


2022 ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Tianrui Yang ◽  
Jessica Wooster

Introduction: Studies support incorporation of pharmacists and pharmacy students to improve health and financial outcomes during transition of care (TOC).  Standardisation of TOC educational training is currently lacking in pharmacy curricula.  Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional, descriptive study with a convenience sample at one college of pharmacy. Students participated in an anonymous Qualtrics survey including items on TOC service understanding and educational training. Results are reported as means and standard deviation for continuous data; frequencies and percentages for categorical data.  Results: Of 116 survey responses, 112 provided informed consent. Seventy-eight percent of respondents stated they have learned about TOC and 66% felt they understood what TOC entails. When asked to identify disease states commonly targeted for TOC, 77% responded incorrectly to this item. When asked to select TOC clinical activities, 66% incorrectly selected medication dispensing. Ninety-six percent of respondents replied that additional educational training on TOC would be beneficial.  Conclusion: There is a discrepancy in students’ perception of TOC services with their actual knowledge of TOC services based on survey responses.


2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 2471
Author(s):  
Louise Deep ◽  
Carl R. Schneider ◽  
Rebekah Moles ◽  
Asad E. Patanwala ◽  
Linda L. Do ◽  
...  

Background: Medication reconciliation aims to prevent unintentional medication discrepancies that can result in patient harm at transitions of care. Pharmacist-led medication reconciliation has clear benefits, however workforce limitations can be a barrier to providing this service. Pharmacy students are a potential workforce solution. Objective: To evaluate the number and type of medication discrepancies identified by pharmacy students. Methods: Fourth year pharmacy students completed best possible medication histories and identified discrepancies with prescribed medications for patients admitted to hospital. A retrospective audit was conducted to determine the number and type of medication discrepancies identified by pharmacy students, types of patients and medicines involved in discrepancies. Results: There were 294 patients included in the study. Overall, 72% (n=212/294) had medication discrepancies, the most common type being drug omission. A total of 645 discrepancies were identified, which was a median of three per patient. Patients with discrepancies were older than patients without discrepancies with a median (IQR) age of 74 (65-84) vs 68 (53-77) years (p=0.001). They also took more medicines with a median (IQR) number of 9 (6-3) vs 7 (2-10) medicines per patient (p<0.001). The most common types of medicines involved were those related to the alimentary tract and cardiovascular system. Conclusions: Pharmacy students identified medication discrepancies in over 70% of hospital inpatients, categorised primarily as drug omission. Pharmacy students can provide a beneficial service to the hospital and contribute to improved patient safety by assisting pharmacists with medication reconciliation.


2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-96
Author(s):  
Tristan Nicole Tyger ◽  
Christine M. Ruby

Transitions of care (TOC) is becoming an essential component of pharmacy practice, and requires problem solving that is difficult to learn in the classroom. My unique experience of interning in community and inpatient settings along with doing my own TOC research with geriatric patients has allowed me to see patients throughout the spectrum of health care, and how discrepancies arise as they move between settings. This manuscript will provide insight to pharmacy students about why TOC is a critical area for pharmacist involvement, and how we must be prepared to guide patients through these transitions as we become new practitioners.


2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie Vogler ◽  
Jennifer Arnoldi ◽  
Helen Moose ◽  
Susan T. Hingle

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-96
Author(s):  
Tristan Nicole Tyger ◽  
Christine M. Ruby

Transitions of care (TOC) is becoming an essential component of pharmacy practice, and requires problem solving that is difficult to learn in the classroom. My unique experience of interning in community and inpatient settings along with doing my own TOC research with geriatric patients has allowed me to see patients throughout the spectrum of health care, and how discrepancies arise as they move between settings. This manuscript will provide insight to pharmacy students about why TOC is a critical area for pharmacist involvement, and how we must be prepared to guide patients through these transitions as we become new practitioners.


2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew C. H. Szeto ◽  
Aliya Kassam ◽  
Geeta Modgill ◽  
Leslie Phillips ◽  
Alfred Remillard ◽  
...  

MedEdPORTAL ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Zheng ◽  
Karen Macauley ◽  
Jennifer Namba ◽  
Susie Hutchins ◽  
Kathleen Sweeney ◽  
...  

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