Three-dimensional primary and coupled range of motions and movement coordination of the pelvis, lumbar and thoracic spine in standing posture using inertial tracking device

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 169-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Narimani ◽  
N. Arjmand
Keyword(s):  
Thoracic Spine ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Standing Posture ◽  
Movement Coordination ◽  
Tracking Device

Three-dimensional Effect of the Boston Brace on the Thoracic Spine and Rib Cage

Spine ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hubert Labelle ◽  
Jean Dansereau ◽  
Christian Bellefleur ◽  
Benoit Poitras
Keyword(s):  
Thoracic Spine ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Rib Cage ◽  
Dimensional Effect ◽  
Boston Brace

FINITE ELEMENT MODELING OF HUMAN THORACIC SPINE

2004 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
pp. 133-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian-Xia Qiu ◽  
Ee-Chon Teo
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Thoracic Spine ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Axial Rotation ◽  
Torsional Stiffness ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Thoracic Vertebrae ◽  
Fundamental Information ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Scoliosis Correction

Mathematical models, which can accurately represent the geometric, material and physical characteristics of the human spine structure, are useful in predicting biomechanical behaviors of the spine. In this study, a three-dimensional finite element (FE) model of thoracic spine (T1–T12) was developed, based on geometrical data of embalmed thoracic vertebrae (T1–T12) obtained from a precise flexible digitizer, and validated against published thoracolumbar experimental results in terms of the torsional stiffness of the whole thoracic spine (T1–T12) under axial torque alone and combined with distraction and compression loads. The torsional stiffness was increased by over 60% with application of a 425 N distraction force. A trend in increasing torsional stiffness with increasing distraction forces was detected. The validated model was then loaded under moment rotation in three anatomical planes to determine the ranges of motion (ROMs). The ROMs were approximately 37°, 31°, 32°, 51° for flexion, extension, lateral bending and axial rotation, respectively. These results may offer an insight to better understanding the kinematics of the human thoracic spine and provide clinically relevant fundamental information for the evaluation of spinal stability and instrumented devices functionality for optimal scoliosis correction.

scholarly journals A system for three-dimensional gaze fixation analysis using eye tracking glasses

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Takahashi ◽  
Hiromasa Suzuki ◽  
Jouh Yeong Chew ◽  
Yutaka Ohtake ◽  
Yukie Nagai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Heat Maps ◽  
Gaze Fixation ◽  
Tracking Device ◽  
Two Dimensional Images

Abstract Eye tracking is a technology that has quickly become a commonplace tool for evaluating package and webpage design. In such design processes, static two-dimensional images are shown on a computer screen while a subject's gaze where he or she looks is measured via an eye tracking device. The collected gaze fixation data are then visualized and analyzed via gaze plots and heat maps. Such evaluations using two-dimensional images are often too limited to analyze gaze on three-dimensional physical objects such as products because users look at them not from a single point of view but rather from various angles. Therefore in this study we propose methods for collecting gaze fixation data for a three-dimensional model of a given product and visualizing corresponding gaze plots and heat maps also in three dimensions. To achieve our goals, we used a wearable eye-tracking device, i.e., eye-tracking glasses. Further, we implemented a prototype system to demonstrate its advantages in comparison with two-dimensional gaze fixation methods. Highlights Proposing a method for collecting gaze fixation data for a three-dimensional model of a given product. Proposing two visualization methods for three dimensional gaze data; gaze plots and heat maps. Proposed system was applied to two practical examples of hair dryer and car interior.

Stability of the Arch of the Foot

1997 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 644-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold B. Kitaoka ◽  
Tae-Kun Ahn ◽  
Zong Ping Luo ◽  
Kai-Nan An
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Deltoid Ligament ◽  
Interosseous Ligament ◽  
Magnetic Tracking ◽  
Human Foot ◽  
Spring Ligament ◽  
Tarsal Bones ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
Tracking Device

We defined the relative contributions of six ligaments in stabilizing the arch of the foot: plantar aponeurosis, long-short plantar ligaments, plantar calcaneonavicular ligament (spring ligament), medial talocalcaneal ligament, talocalcaneal interosseous ligament, and tibionavicular portion of the deltoid ligament. Nineteen fresh-frozen human foot specimens were used. A load of 445 N was applied axially to simulate standing-at-ease posture. Three-dimensional positions of tarsal bones before and after ligament sectioning were determined with the use of a magnetic tracking device. The motions were presented in the form of screw axis displacements, quantitating rotation, and axis of rotation orientation. After sectioning one structure, the arch did not collapse on any specimen and there was no obvious change by visual inspection. There were, however, measurable changes in tarsal bone position. Metatarsal-to-talus total rotation difference was greatest with spring ligament and deltoid ligament sectioning, with an average of 2.1° ± 1.7° and 2.0° ± 0.2° difference, respectively. Calcaneus-to-talus rotation difference was greatest with talocalcaneal interosseous ligament sectioning, with an average of 1.7° ± 1.5°. The spring ligament, deltoid ligament, and talocalcaneal interosseous ligament were most important for arch stability.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional analysis of cervical spine motion: reliability of a computer assisted magnetic tracking device compared to inclinometer

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis D. Gelalis ◽  
Louis E. DeFrate ◽  
Kosmas S. Stafilas ◽  
Emilios E. Pakos ◽  
James D. Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Dimensional Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Magnetic Tracking ◽  
Spine Motion ◽  
Tracking Device

Measurement of spinal range of motion in healthy individuals using an electromagnetic tracking device

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Jen Hsu ◽  
Yi-Wen Chang ◽  
Wen-Ying Chou ◽  
Chou-Ping Chiou ◽  
Wei-Ning Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Thoracic Spine ◽  
Axial Rotation ◽  
Electromagnetic Tracking ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Hip Joints ◽  
Forward Bending ◽  
Tracking Device ◽  
Side Bending

Object The authors measured the range of motion (ROM) of the spine in healthy individuals by using an electromagnetic tracking device to evaluate the functional performance of the spine. Methods The authors used the Flock of Birds electromagnetic tracking device with 4 receiver units attached to C-7, T-12, S-1, and the midthigh region. Forward/backward bending, bilateral side bending, and axial rotation of the trunk were performed in 18 healthy individuals. Results The average ROM was calculated after 3 consecutive measurements. The thoracic spine generated the greatest angle in axial rotation and smallest angle in backward bending. The lumbar spine generated the greatest angle in forward bending and smallest angle in axial rotation. The hip joints generated the greatest angle in forward bending and smallest angle in backward bending. Additionally, 40% of forward-bending motion occurred in the lumbar spine and 40% occurred in the hip joints. Approximately 60% of backward bending occurred in the lumbar spine; 60% of axial rotation occurred in the thoracic spine; and 45% of side bending occurred in the thoracic spine. Conclusions The Flock of Birds electromagnetic tracking device cannot only measure the ROM of spine but also easily differentiate the 6-degree contributions by different segments.

Movement Coordination During Humeral Elevation in Individuals With Newly Acquired Spinal Cord Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 345-350
Author(s):  
Margaret A. Finley ◽  
Elizabeth Euiler ◽  
Shivayogi V. Hiremath ◽  
Joseph Sarver
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Thoracic Kyphosis ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Elevation Angle ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Movement Coordination ◽  
Cord Injury

Humeral elevation is a critical motion for individuals who use a manual wheelchair given that, in a typical day, wheelchair users reach overhead 5 times more often than able-bodied controls. Kinematic analyses in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) have focused on weight-bearing tasks rather than overhead reaching. This technical report presents shoulder movement coordination during overhead reaching in individuals with newly acquired SCI. Eight volunteers with acute SCI and 8 matched, uninjured controls participated. Three-dimensional kinematics were collected during seated, humeral elevation. Scapular and thoracic rotations during humeral elevation were averaged across repetitions. The linear relationship of scapular upward rotation to humeral elevation provided movement coordination analysis. Maximal elevation was reduced in SCI with increased thoracic kyphosis. Medium to large effect sizes were found at each elevation angle, with reduced scapular external rotation, posterior tilt, and increased thoracic kyphosis for those with SCI. The linear relationship occurred later and within a significantly (P = .02) smaller range of humeral elevation in SCI. Altered movement coordination, including a diminished linear association of scapular upward rotation and humeral elevation (scapulohumeral rhythm), is found with reduced maximal elevation and increased thoracic kyphosis during overhead reaching tasks in those with acute SCI.

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