Abundance and behavior of little egrets (Egretta garzetta) near an onshore wind farm in Chongming Dongtan, China

2021 ◽  
pp. 127662
Author(s):  
Huan Xu ◽  
Shanshan Zhao ◽  
Ningning Song ◽  
Ningning Liu ◽  
Shurong Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Farm ◽  
Onshore Wind ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Egretta Garzetta

Community Benefits and UK Offshore Wind Farms: Evolving Convergence in a Divergent Practice

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150001
Author(s):  
John Glasson
Keyword(s):  
Wind Farm ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Energy Industry ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms ◽  
Onshore Wind ◽  
Community Benefits ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Renewable Energy Industry

The Offshore Wind sector is a major, dynamic, and rapidly evolving renewable energy industry. This is particularly so in Europe, and especially in the UK. Associated with the growth of the industry has been a growth of interest in community benefits as voluntary measures provided by a developer to the host community. However, in many cases, and for some of the large North Sea distant offshore wind farms, the benefits packages have been disparate and pro rata much smaller than for the well-established onshore wind farm industry. However, there are signs of change. This paper explores the issues of community benefits for the UK offshore sector and evolving practice, as reflected in a macro study of the adoption of community benefits approaches across the industry. This is followed by a more in-depth micro- approach, which explores approaches that have been adopted in three case studies of recent OWF projects — Aberdeen, Beatrice and the Hornsea Array. Whilst there is still much divergence in practice, there are also examples of some convergence, and the development of a more replicable practice. Particularly notable is the adoption of annual community benefits funds, as the key element of community benefits schemes/agreements between developers, local authorities and local communities.

Wind power forecasting for a real onshore wind farm on complex terrain using WRF high resolution simulations

2019 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 674-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Prósper ◽  
Carlos Otero-Casal ◽  
Felipe Canoura Fernández ◽  
Gonzalo Miguez-Macho
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Complex Terrain ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Onshore Wind ◽  
Wind Power Forecasting ◽  
Power Forecasting

Coupled wind farm parameterization with a mesoscale model for simulations of an onshore wind farm

2017 ◽  
Vol 206 ◽  
pp. 113-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renyu Yuan ◽  
Wenju Ji ◽  
Kun Luo ◽  
Jianwen Wang ◽  
Sanxia Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Farm ◽  
Mesoscale Model ◽  
Onshore Wind

scholarly journals Field experiment for open-loop yaw-based wake steering at a commercial onshore wind farm in Italy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bart M. Doekemeijer ◽  
Stefan Kern ◽  
Sivateja Maturu ◽  
Stoyan Kanev ◽  
Bastian Salbert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Onshore Wind ◽  
Power Maximization ◽  
Energy Gains ◽  
Turbine Arrays

Abstract. The concept of wake steering in wind farms for power maximization has gained significant popularity over the last decade. Recent field trials described in the literature demonstrate the real potential of wake steering on commercial wind farms, but also show that wake steering does not yet consistently lead to an increase in energy production for all inflow conditions. Moreover, a recent survey among experts shows that validation of the concept remains the largest barrier for adoption currently. In response, this article presents the results of a field experiment investigating wake steering in three-turbine arrays at an onshore wind farm in Italy. This experiment was performed as part of the European CL-Windcon project. The measurements show increases in power production of up to 35 % for two-turbine interactions and up to 16 % for three-turbine interactions. However, losses in power production are seen for various regions of wind directions too. In addition to the gains achieved through wake steering at downstream turbines, more interesting to note is that a significant share in gains are from the upstream turbines, showing an increased power production of the yawed turbine itself compared to baseline operation for some wind directions. Furthermore, the surrogate model, while capturing the general trends of wake interaction, lacks the details necessary to accurately represent the measurements. This article supports the notion that further research is necessary, notably on the topics of wind farm modeling and experiment design, before wake steering will lead to consistent energy gains in commercial wind farms.

Arena-Based Modeling of the Maintenance Operation for a Wind Farm

2013 ◽  
Vol 401-403 ◽  
pp. 2205-2208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huai Zhong Li ◽  
Tong Jing ◽  
Hong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Discrete Event ◽  
Onshore Wind ◽  
Electric System ◽  
System A ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Event Model ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Discrete Event Model

Wind energy has become a leading developing direction in electric power. The high cost associated with turbine maintenance is a key challenging issue in wind farm operation as wind turbines are hard-to access for inspection and repair. Analysis of an onshore wind farm is carried out in this paper in terms of the operation, failure, and maintenance. Failures are categorized into three classes according to the downtime. It is found that the pitch, gearbox and generator have the most amount of downtime, while the most number of failures is from the pitch and electric system. A discrete-event model is developed by using Arena to simulate the operation, failure occurrence, and maintenance of the wind turbines, with an aim to determine the main factors influencing maintenance costs and the availability of the turbines in the wind farm.

scholarly journals Framework for Risk Identification of Renewable Energy Projects Using Fuzzy Case-Based Reasoning

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 5231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahand Somi ◽  
Nima Gerami Seresht ◽  
Aminah Robinson Fayek
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Risk Identification ◽  
Case Based Reasoning ◽  
Onshore Wind ◽  
Energy Projects ◽  
Project Objectives ◽  
Tools And Techniques ◽  
Case Based

Construction projects are highly risk-prone due to both internal factors (e.g., organizational, contractual, project, etc.) and external factors (e.g., environmental, economic, political, etc.). Construction risks can thus have a direct or indirect impact on project objectives, such as cost, time, safety, and quality. Identification of these risks is crucial in order to fulfill project objectives. Many tools and techniques have been proposed for risk identification, including literature review, questionnaire surveys, and expert interviews. However, the majority of these approaches are highly reliant on expert knowledge or prior knowledge of the project. Therefore, the application of such tools and techniques in risk identification for renewable energy projects (e.g., wind farm and solar power plant projects) is challenging due to their novelty and the limited availability of historical data or literature. This paper addresses these challenges by introducing a new risk identification framework for renewable energy projects, which combines case-based reasoning (CBR) with fuzzy logic. CBR helps to solve problems related to novel projects (e.g., renewable energy projects) based on their similarities to existing, well-studied projects (e.g., conventional energy projects). CBR addresses the issue of data scarcity by comparing novel types of construction projects to other well-studied project types and using the similarities between these two sets of projects to solve the different problems associated with novel types of construction projects, such as risk identification of renewable energy projects. Moreover, the integration of fuzzy logic with CBR, to develop fuzzy case-based reasoning (FCBR), increases the applicability of CBR in construction by capturing the subjective uncertainty that exists in construction-related problems. The applicability of the proposed framework was tested on a case study of an onshore wind farm project. The objectives of this paper are to introduce a novel framework for risk identification of renewable energy projects and to identify the risks associated with the construction of onshore wind farm projects at the work package level. The results of this paper will help to improve the risk management of renewable energy projects during the construction phase.

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