Revisiting Kaya Identity to define an Emissions Indicators Pyramid

2021 ◽  
pp. 128328
Author(s):  
M. González-Torres ◽  
L. Pérez-Lombard ◽  
F. Coronel-Juan ◽  
R. Maestre-Ismael
Keyword(s):  
2015 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 1229-1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Ziemele ◽  
Armands Gravelsins ◽  
Dagnija Blumberga

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (310) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Adalmir Antonio Marquetti ◽  
Gabriel Mendoza Pichardo ◽  
Guilherme De Oliveira

<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p><strong></strong>This study investigates regularities in the production of GDP and CO2 emissions for 84 countries between 1980-2014. The empirical strategy is derived from an ecological-economic framework in which both outputs are produced employing capital, energy and labor. Moreover, we propose an expanded version of the Kaya identity, which creates a link between the growth rate of CO2 emissions and capital accumulation to evaluate the distribution of abatement efforts under the Paris Agreement. By using a new dataset, we found evidence of relative decoupling in developing countries and absolute decoupling in some developed countries. Our findings show that the individual voluntary definition of the emission targets under the Agreement resulted in an unequal distribution of the abatement efforts among developing and developed countries. In the absence of higher energy or environment-saving technical changes, the required reductions in capital accumulation are sharper for developing than developed countries.</p><p> </p><p>¿SE COMPARTEN LOS ESFUERZOS DEL ACUERDO DE PARÍS IGUALMENTE? <br />REGULARIDADES DE PRODUCCIÓN DEL PIB Y CO2<br /><strong></strong></p><p><strong>RESUMEN</strong><br />Este trabajo investiga las regularidades en la producción del PIB y las emisiones de CO2 en 84 países entre 1980 y 2014. La estrategia empírica deriva de un marco ecológico-económico en el cual los dos bienes se producen utilizando capital, energía y trabajo. Proponemos una versión expandida de la identidad de Kaya que crea un vínculo entre la tasa de crecimiento de las emisiones de CO2 y la acumulación de capital para evaluar la distribución de los esfuerzos de abatimiento del Acuerdo de París. Mediante el uso de una nueva base de datos, encontramos un desacoplamiento relativo en los países en desarrollo y un desacoplamiento absoluto en algunos países desarrollados. Nuestros hallazgos muestran que la definición individual voluntaria de las metas de emisiones del Acuerdo resulta en una distribución desigual de los esfuerzos de abatimiento entre los países en desarrollo y desarrollados. En ausencia de un mayor cambio técnico ahorrador de energía o del ambiente, las reducciones requeridas en la acumulación de capital son más agudas para los países en desarrollo que para los desarrollados.</p>


Author(s):  
Leila Matos Abreu ◽  
Henrique Rego Monteiro da Hora ◽  
João José Assis Rangel ◽  
Milton Erthal ◽  
Navid Razmjooy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 6009
Author(s):  
YoungSeok Hwang ◽  
Jung-Sup Um ◽  
JunHwa Hwang ◽  
Stephan Schlüter

The Kaya identity is a powerful index displaying the influence of individual carbon dioxide (CO2) sources on CO2 emissions. The sources are disaggregated into representative factors such as population, gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, energy intensity of the GDP, and carbon footprint of energy. However, the Kaya identity has limitations as it is merely an accounting equation and does not allow for an examination of the hidden causalities among the factors. Analyzing the causal relationships between the individual Kaya identity factors and their respective subcomponents is necessary to identify the real and relevant drivers of CO2 emissions. In this study we evaluated these causal relationships by conducting a parallel multiple mediation analysis, whereby we used the fossil fuel CO2 flux based on the Open-Source Data Inventory of Anthropogenic CO2 emissions (ODIAC). We found out that the indirect effects from the decomposed variables on the CO2 flux are significant. However, the Kaya identity factors show neither strong nor even significant mediating effects. This demonstrates that the influence individual Kaya identity factors have on CO2 directly emitted to the atmosphere is not primarily due to changes in their input factors, namely the decomposed variables.


2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Qing-Xiang Ou

This paper employs an extended Kaya identity as the scheme and utilizes the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI II) as the decomposition technique based on analyzing CO2emissions trends in China. Change in CO2emissions intensity is decomposed from 1995 to 2010 and includes measures of the effect of Industrial structure, energy intensity, energy structure, and carbon emission factors. Results illustrate that changes in energy intensity act to decrease carbon emissions intensity significantly and changes in industrial structure and energy structure do not act to reduce carbon emissions intensity effectively. Policy will need to significantly optimize energy structure and adjust industrial structure if China’s emission reduction targets in 2020 are to be reached. This requires a change in China’s economic development path and energy consumption path for optimal outcomes.


2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 103-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E Nye

Awareness of global warming has been widespread for two decades, yet the American political system has been slow to respond. This essay examines, first, political explanations for policy failure, focusing at the federal level and outlining both short-term partisan and structural explanations for the stalemate. The second section surveys previous energy regimes and the transitions between them, and policy failure is explained by the logic of Thomas Hughes’s ‘technological momentum’. The third section moves to an international perspective, using the Kaya Identity and its distinction between energy intensity and carbon intensity to understand in policy terms ‘technological fixes’ vs. low-carbon alternatives. The final section reframes US energy policy failure and asks: (1) Why, between 1980 and 1999, was America’s actual performance in slowing CO2emissions better than its politics would seem capable of delivering? (2) How and why has the United States since c. 2007 managed to reduce per capita CO2emissions?


2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-25
Author(s):  
Cássio Rangel Paulista ◽  
Tatiane Stellet Machado ◽  
Joao Jose de Assis Rangel

This paper aims to analyze the photovoltaic electricity energy expansion and recent data about the behavior of the CO2 emissions in Brazil and other selected countries. Data were collected from different bases as International Energy Agency (Agência Internacional de Energia), Ministry of Energy and Mines (Ministério de Minas e Energia), Research Electric Company as well as other papers in the field. Kaya Identity was applied as basis in order to evaluate the CO2 emissions. As a result, it could be seen a clear domain of Germany and Italy in the photovoltaic generation sector, with high investments in the development and dissemination of that technology. Brazil presented an energetic matrix of low carbon but with a tendency to increase emissions per capita throughout the years. The effect of decoupling between the greenhouse gas emissions and the large-scale economic development was checked. It was realized that that phenomenon tends to intensify it since renewable energy technologies get higher levels of use.


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