Exosomes secreted by human cardiac progenitors contain micro-RNA with cardioprotective and pro-angiogenic activities

Coronary heart disease is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity. Those that survive acute myocardial infarction are at significant risk of subsequent heart failure due to fibrotic remodelling of the infarcted myocardium. By applying knowledge from the study of embryonic cardiovascular development, modern medicine offers hope for treatment of this condition through regeneration of the myocardium by direct reprogramming of fibrotic scar tissue. Here, we will review mechanisms of cell fate specification leading to the generation of cardiovascular cell types in the embryo and use this as a framework in which to understand direct reprogramming. Driving expression of a network of transcription factors, micro RNA or small molecule epigenetic modifiers can reverse epigenetic silencing, reverting differentiated cells to a state of induced pluripotency. The pluripotent state can be bypassed by direct reprogramming in which one differentiated cell type can be transdifferentiated into another. Transdifferentiating cardiac fibroblasts to cardiomyocytes requires a network of transcription factors similar to that observed in embryonic multipotent cardiac progenitors. There is some flexibility in the composition of this network. These studies raise the possibility that the failing heart could one day be regenerated by directly reprogramming cardiac fibroblasts within post-infarct scar tissue.

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Micro-RNA Mutations Across Multiple Resections of a Giant Nonfunctional Pituitary Adenoma

10.1055/s-0040-1702680 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Abhijeet Gummadavelli ◽

Lily McCarthy ◽

Zeynep Erson ◽

Eugenia Vining ◽

Murat Gunel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pituitary Adenoma ◽

Micro Rna

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Hormonelle Regulation der Micro RNA mir-143 während der Adipogenese humaner Fettzellen

Aktuelle Ernährungsmedizin ◽

10.1055/s-2007-992274 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 32 (05) ◽

Author(s):

S Lehmann ◽

K Gorzelniak ◽

J Janke ◽

S Engeli ◽

FC Luft ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Micro Rna

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Major Hereditary Gastrointestinal Cancer Syndromes: a Narrative Review

Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases ◽

10.15403/jgld.2014.1121.262.maj ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 157-163 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lakshmi Manogna Chintalacheruvu ◽

Trudy Shaw ◽

Avanija Buddam ◽

Osama Diab ◽

Thamer Kassim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Genetic Testing ◽

Gastrointestinal Cancer ◽

Pigment Epithelium ◽

Retinal Pigment ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Micro Rna ◽

Diffuse Gastric Cancer ◽

Adenomatous Polyposis ◽

Cancer Syndromes

Gastrointestinal cancer is one of the major causes of death worldwide. Hereditary gastrointestinal cancer syndromes constitute about 5-10% of all cancers. About 20-25% of undiagnosed cases have a possible hereditary component, which is not yet established. In the last few decades, the advance in genomics has led to the discovery of multiple cancer predisposition genes in gastrointestinal cancer. Physicians should be aware of these syndromes to identify high-risk patients and offer genetic testing to prevent cancer death. In this review, we describe clinical manifestations, genetic testing and its challenges, diagnosis and management of the major hereditary gastrointestinal cancer syndromes.Key words: − − − − .Abbreviations: ACG: American College of Gastroenterology; AFAP: attenuated FAP; APC: adenomatous polyposis coli; CDH1: E-cadherin; CHRPE: congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium; CRC: colorectal cancer; FAMMM: Familial atypical multiple mole melanoma; FAP: Familial adenomatous polyposis; GC: gastric cancer; HDGC: Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer; IHC: immunohistochemical; IPAA: ileal pouch–anal anastomosis; IRA: ileorectal anastomosis; MSI: microsatellite instability; MMR: mismatch repair; miRNA: micro RNA.

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