Background: Smoking among Chinese women accounts for a small proportion, but the incidence and mortality rates of female lung cancer is increasing in recent years. Studies found that there were changes in histologic subtypes of lung cancer patients in China. Aim: This study investigated the tobacco smoking and trends in histologic subtypes of female lung cancer in a cancer hospital in China. Methods: Demographic, smoking history and histologic information about female lung cancer patients diagnosed or treated from 2000 to 2012 was collected from Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CHCAMS). Trends of histologic subtypes calculated with annual percentage change (APC). The distribution differences of adenocarcinoma (ADC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and the other subtypes between smokers and nonsmokers were calculated by 7th AJCC cancer staging. Results: Totally of 5,870 female cases of lung cancer, including 630 with history of smoking and 5,240 without, were analyzed. The number of female lung cancer patients increased from 509 (2000-2002) to 1744 (2012-2013). The main histologic type of lung cancer was adenocarcinoma (ADC) (72.93%), followed by small cell lung cancer (SCLC) (11.06%), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (8.38%) and the other (7.63%). Among smokers, the proportion of SCC decreased from 40.5% to 23.7% (APC = -11.68%, P = 0.005), however, the ADC increased from 35.7% to 50.7% (APC = 8.63%, P = 0.009). In nonsmokers, the ADC was 76.1%, and SCC was 5.9%. ADC increased from 63.1% to 80.6% (APC = -21.33%, P = 0.006), SCC decreased from 13.6% to 4.5% (APC = 3.86%, P = 0.016). Among squamous cell carcinoma, the cases with history of smoking were more likely diagnosed at early stages (I/II: 47.1%) than those at late stages (III, 34.3%; IV, 18.6%). Conclusion: The number of female lung cancer patients was increased in CHCAMS by year of diagnosis. In both smoking and nonsmoking cases, the proportion of adenocarcinoma was increasing. Among the squamous cell carcinoma, smokers seem to find in early stages.
Characteristics and prognosis of Japanese male and female lung cancer patients: The BioBank Japan Project
