Pathogenicity of conidia-based preparations of entomopathogenic fungi against the greenhouse pest aphids Myzus persicae, Aphis gossypii, and Aulacorthum solani (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 34-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.E. Jandricic ◽  
M. Filotas ◽  
J.P. Sanderson ◽  
S.P. Wraight
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Aulacorthum Solani

scholarly journals Direct and Indirect Effect via Endophytism of Entomopathogenic Fungi on the Fitness of Myzus persicae and Its Ability to Spread PLRV on Tobacco

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Junior Corneille Fingu-Mabola ◽  
Thomas Bawin ◽  
Frédéric Francis
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Metarhizium Acridum ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽  
Leafroll Virus ◽  
Diverse Plant

Aphids are major crop pests that transmit more than half of all insect-vectored plant viruses responsible for high yield losses worldwide. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) are biological control agents mainly used by foliar application to control herbivores, including sap-sucking pests such as aphids. Their ability to colonize plant tissues and to interact with diverse plant pathogenic microorganisms have been reported. In our study, we evaluated the effectiveness of Beauveria bassiana ((Balsamo-Crivelli) Vuillemin) directly applied by contact or/and indirectly via endophytism in tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum L.) against the virus vector Myzus persicae (Sulzer) carrying the Potato leafroll virus (PLRV) or not. We found that both contact treatment and endophytic colonization of leaves significantly increased aphid mortality and decreased the fecundity rate when compared to control plants. In addition, on fungal-colonized leaves, viruliferous aphids were more negatively impacted than virus-free ones and nymph mortality was significantly higher than on fungal-free plants. Furthermore, we assessed PLRV transmission by M. persicae on tobacco plants inoculated with either B. bassiana or Metarhizium acridum ((Driver and Milner) JF Bischoff, Rehner, and Humber) as source or/and recipient plants. Myzus persicae was found to acquire and transmit PLRV regardless of the treatment. Nevertheless, the infection rate of endophytically colonized plants was lower at a seven-day incubation period and had increased to almost 100% after fifteen days. These results suggest that B. bassiana is effective against aphids, both by contact and via endophytism, and both B. bassiana and M. acridum delayed PLRV infection in tobacco.

scholarly journals Diversité et abondance des pucerons [Homoptera : Aphididae] et leur impact sur la dissémination des virus infectant la pomme de terre au Mali

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Almouner A.A. Yattara ◽  
Amadou K. Coulibaly ◽  
Frédéric Francis
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
Potato Leaf Roll Virus ◽  
Potato Leaf ◽  
Pomme De Terre

Des études sur l’abondance et la diversité des pucerons ont été menées pendant trois campagnes agricoles au Mali. Sur la base de relevés de bacs jaunes installés dans des cultures de pomme de terre à Kati et à Sikasso, 2 525 pucerons ont été capturés et identifiés. Dix-neuf espèces de pucerons ont été recensées, dont deux qui ont été observéesin situsur la culture :Aphis gossypii(Glover) etMyzus persicae(Sulzer). La plupart de ces espèces sont des ravageurs de cultures et elles contribuent également à la transmission virale. Des échantillons foliaires prélevés dans des parcelles de pomme de terre dans les deux régions ont été testés par la technique ELISA pour la détection des deux principaux virus dommageables, soit lePotato VirusY (PVY) et lePotato Leaf Roll Virus(PLRV). Le taux de plantes virosées dans les deux localités pendant les trois années variait de 19,3 % à 21,8 % pour le PVY, alors qu’il était de 8,5 % à 9,3 % pour le PLRV. L’occurrence de ces maladies virales s’est révélée être très homogène d’une année à l’autre, avec des taux relativement importants. Cette étude est une première quantification dans cette région du Mali de l’importance des relations pucerons vecteurs–virus en culture de pomme de terre.

Effects of Three Strawberry Entomopathogenic Fungi on the Prefeeding Behavior of the Aphid Myzus persicae

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiannis Manoussopoulos ◽  
Spiridon Mantzoukas ◽  
Ioannis Lagogiannis ◽  
Stavroula Goudoudaki ◽  
Manousos Kambouris
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Myzus Persicae

scholarly journals Relative toxicity of some insecticides and azadirachtin against four crop infesting aphid species

1970 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
M Khalequzzaman ◽  
Jesmun Nahar
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Aphis Craccivora ◽  
Lipaphis Erysimi ◽  
Relative Toxicity ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Residual Film ◽  
Aphis Gossypii Glover ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch

Indirect application was used to assay the toxicity of five insecticides; viz. malathion, carbosulfan, cymbush, imidacloprid and azadirachtin against four important crop infesting aphid species, Aphis craccivora Koch, Aphis gossypii Glover, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach), reared on bean, brinjal, potato and cauliflower plants respectively. Residual film technique was applied by bringing leaves with tested aphids of the vegetable plants in the laboratory. Malathion was the least toxic to all aphids having LC50 as 327.97, 333.92, 305.26 and 313.77 μg cm-2 for A. craccivora, A. gossypii, M. persicae and M. persicae respectively. Cypermethrin was the most toxic showing LC50 as 12.55, 12.29, 12.55 and 12.10 μg cm-2 in the above mentioned species of aphid respectively. Carbosulfan and imidacloprid showed moderate toxicity. Azadirachtin as a natural plant origin insecticide proved to be the most toxic having LC50 as 0.41 μg cm-2 for A. craccivora, 0.34 μg cm-2 for A. gossypii and 0.44 μg cm-2 for both M. persicae and L. erysimi. Key words: Insecticide, toxicity, azadirachtin, Aphis craccivora, Aphis gossypii, Myzus persicae, Lipaphis erysimi   doi:10.3329/ujzru.v27i0.1950 Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 27, 2008 pp. 31-34

scholarly journals Pathogenic post-effect of entomopathogenic fungi on phytophagous pests and entomophagous biocontrol agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 00020
Author(s):  
Vladimir Pavlyushin
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Arthropod Predators ◽  
After Effect

Phytosanitary optimization of agricultural ecosystems under conditions of glasshouses and organic farming urgently demands guaranteed effect of plant protection. This can be achieved only through effective exploitation of a complex of biological agents, including arthropod predators and parasites, entomopathogenic fungi, nematodes and other microbes. Entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Lecanicillium muscarium are characterized by facultative parasitism and possess high potential to control phytophagous insects, including pests of vegetable crops in glasshouses. In aphids, fungal pathogenesis was found to be comprised of primary mycosis and toxigenic post-effect in a row of consequent generations. For example, L. muscarium and B. bassiana had an adverse effect on fertility and survival rates of females of aphids Aphis gossypii up to the fifth generation. The longevity, reproductive period and amount of progeny were decreased in aphids treated with water suspension of fungal conidia. It can be deduced that the post-effect is caused by toxic action of metabolites as no evident mycosis was observed in the experiments. Similar type of after-effect is observed in the lacewing Chrysopa carnea contaminated with fungal conidia. The effect is also toxigenic being most prominent in the first generation of the survivors’ progeny and traceable up to the fifth generation. The consequences of the infection are best seen in the rate adult emergence which is twice as low as compared to control. This knowledge is essential to avoid antagonism between different groups of natural enemies exploited in biological control and to design adequate technology for their application.

scholarly journals Resistência de genótipos de batata, Solanum spp., a afídeos (Homoptera: Aphididae) e influência sobre parasitóides

1999 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 721-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando M. Lara ◽  
Edimar A. da Silva ◽  
Arlindo L. Boiça Junior
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Aphidius Ervi ◽  
Aphis Gossypii Glover ◽  
Solanum Spp

Avaliou-se a resistência de genótipos de batata aos afídeos Myzus persicae (Sulz.), Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) e Aphis gossypii (Glover), e a influência desses genótipos sobre parasitóides, em dois ensaios em plantios de inverno (1996 e 1997), em condições de campo, em Jaboticabal, SP. Os genótipos plantados no primeiro ano foram: Achat, Baronesa, Bintje, BR-2, Contenda, Monalisa, N 140-201 e NYL 235-4, distribuídos em quatro blocos ao acaso. Dois levantamentos foram efetuados, aos 70 e 85 dias após o plantio, avaliando-se o número de pulgões/folha e pulgões parasitados, nos terços superior, médio e inferior da planta. Em 1997 plantaram-se os mesmos genótipos, excetuando-se o N 140-201, com levantamentos aos 72 e 80 dias. O genótipo NYL 235-4 mostrou-se suscetível a M. euphorbiae, sob infestações médias de 2,90 (1996) e 1,19 pulgões/folha (1997); dentre as cultivares comerciais, Baronesa foi a menos atacada por M. persicae (0,12 e 0,10 pulgões/folha em 1996 e 1997), enquanto BR-2 foi bem suscetível (1,10 e 0,66 pulgões/folha). Os afídeos ocorreram em maior população nas partes média e inferior das plantas; maior número de pulgões mumificados por Aphidius ervi Hal. e Diaretiella rapae (McIntosh), com parasitismo variando de 15 a 36%, foi observado em NYL 235-4, que foi o genótipo mais infestado pelos afídeos.

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