Cognitive impairment aspects in subcortical dementia patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 283 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
R.D. Chirileanu ◽  
M. Simu ◽  
D. Reisz ◽  
R. Popa ◽  
S. Tamasan
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Subcortical Dementia ◽  
Dementia Patients

scholarly journals Driving Performance and Its Correlation with Neuropsychological Tests in Senior Drivers with Cognitive Impairment in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 1575-1587
Author(s):  
Zhouyuan Peng ◽  
Hiroyuki Nishimoto ◽  
Ayae Kinoshita
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Impaired Driving ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Neuropsychological Factors ◽  
Senior Drivers

Background: With the rapid aging of the population, the issue of driving by dementia patients has been causing increasing concern worldwide. Objective: To investigate the driving difficulties faced by senior drivers with cognitive impairment and identify the specific neuropsychological tests that can reflect specific domains of driving maneuvers. Methods: Senior drivers with cognitive impairment were investigated. Neuropsychological tests and a questionnaire on demographic and driving characteristics were administered. Driving simulator tests were used to quantify participants’ driving errors in various domains of driving. Results: Of the 47 participants, 23 current drivers, though they had better cognitive functions than 24 retired drivers, were found to have impaired driving performance in the domains of Reaction, Starting and stopping, Signaling, and Overall (wayfinding and accidents). The parameters of Reaction were significantly related to the diagnosis, and the scores of MMSE, TMT-A, and TMT-B. As regards details of the driving errors, “Sudden braking” was associated with the scores of MMSE (ρ= –0.707, p < 0.01), BDT (ρ= –0.560, p < 0.05), and ADAS (ρ= 0.758, p < 0.01), “Forgetting to use turn signals” with the TMT-B score (ρ= 0.608, p < 0.05), “Centerline crossings” with the scores of MMSE (ρ= –0.582, p < 0.05) and ADAS (ρ= 0.538, p < 0.05), and “Going the wrong way” was correlated with the score of CDT (ρ= –0.624, p < 0.01). Conclusion: Different neuropsychological factors serve as predictors of different specific driving maneuvers segmented from driving performance.

Abstract 1122‐000036: Demographic and Pharmacological Characteristics of Alzheimer Dementia Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment stratified by Gender

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oreoluwa O Coker‐Ayo ◽  
Samuel Nathaniel ◽  
Chika Onuoha ◽  
Nneoma Madubuike ◽  
Lidadi Agbomi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Alzheimer Dementia ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Specific Factors

Introduction : The role that specific clinical factors play in contributing to gender differences in Alzheimer’s patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is not yet fully understood. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that pharmacological, demographic, and risk factors may contribute to gender difference in Alzheimer’s patients with MCI. Methods : Methods Data collected for 5 years was analyzed using a retrospective data analytical approach on 33,064 Alzheimer patients, including 13,569 men and 19,495 women that presented with MCI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and multivariate regression models were used to identify specific factors that contribute to gender differences in MCI patients. Results : Results Our records indicate that women that presented with MCI were more likely to be taking Buspirone (OR = 0.767, 95% CI, 0.683‐0.861, P<0.001) while men within this population were more likely to be taking Galantamine (OR = 0.559, 95% CI, 0.382‐0.818, P<0.001). ETOH use was associated with MCI in both men (OR = 0.696, 95% CI, 0.638‐0.760, P<0.001) and women with Alzheimer’s Dementia (OR = 0.484, 95% CI, 0.442‐0.529, P<0.001). Conclusions : Conclusion Our findings reveal gender differences in men and women that presented with MCI. Management strategies should consider identified factors to provide better care for Alzheimer patients with MCI.

scholarly journals Dementia and Nutrition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Prasad Pathak ◽  
Emanuela Mattos
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
Healthy Nutrition ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Growing Age ◽  
Global Aging

Global aging population worldwide increasing. As growing age, the aging related issues like dementia came to be seen not as an inevitable condition at the old age phase, but as a condition that results from the competition between multiple risk factors and protective factors acquired throughout life. There is currently no cure for dementia. Thus, strategies to prevent or delay onset of dementia by changes in lifestyle factors, such as diet, are important as non-pharmacological therapy. A healthy nutrition contributes in delaying the cognitive decline for the elderly people and dementia patients. Cognitive decline is a normal part of the aging process and it is a main clinical identification in between elderly and dementia. The group of B Vitamins (B1, B2, B6, B12) are significantly associated with healthy neuropsychological function. The lack of B12 can show impairment of cognition and neurologic deficit and impacts on educational achievement. The cognitive impairment is a main clinical symptom of dementia which can raise the prevalence rates of cognitive impairment that can be dementia accordingly at the end of life.

Digit Span Forward as a Performance Validity Test in Dementia Evaluations: Specificity in Mild Cognitive Impairment, Mild Dementia, and Moderate Dementia

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 837-837
Author(s):  
H Clark ◽  
P Martin ◽  
R Schroeder
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Performance Validity ◽  
Mild Dementia ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Moderate Dementia ◽  
Neuropsychological Evaluations ◽  
Validity Tests

Abstract Objective Traditional performance validity tests (PVTs) often yield high false positive rates in dementia evaluations. The current study examined the frequency of extremely low scores (≤ 2 percentile) on WAIS-IV Digit Span Forward (DSF) in older adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) or dementia to evaluate its possible utility as a PVT in these populations. Method Archival data from outpatient neuropsychological evaluations were analyzed. Individuals who were not diagnosed with a neurocognitive disorder, had missing data, or were believed to be invalidly performing were excluded. Participants (n = 195; mean age = 72.8; mean education = 13.2 years) were classified according to their evaluation diagnosis of MCI (n = 72; mean RBANS Total Score = 86.8) or dementia. Dementia patients were further divided by MoCA score into groups of mild dementia (n = 90; MoCA≥15; mean RBANS Total Score = 71.0) or moderate dementia (n = 33; MoCA < 15; mean RBANS Total Score = 55.9). Frequencies of scaled scores were analyzed to calculate specificity values for each group. Results A WAIS-IV DSF scaled score of ≤4 (≤ 2 percentile) resulted in specificity values of 0.99 and 0.94 in MCI and mild dementia, respectively. Conversely, in moderate dementia, ≥0.90 specificity was achieved only when using a more conservative cutoff of ≤2. Conclusions Low DSF scaled scores occurred infrequently in MCI and mild dementia, indicating strong specificity and potential utility as a PVT in these populations. However, in moderate dementia, low DSF scores were more common, requiring use of a more stringent cutoff. Future research should examine DSF sensitivity to invalid performance, as well as DSF specificity according to specific etiologies of MCI and dementia.

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