Loss of calretinin- and parvalbumin-immunoreactive axons in anterolateral columns beyond the corticospinal tracts of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis spinal cords

2013 ◽  
Vol 331 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shintaro Hayashi ◽  
Masakuni Amari ◽  
Koichi Okamoto
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Corticospinal Tracts ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Immunoreactive Axons

Axonal swellings in the corticospinal tracts in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

1990 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Okamoto ◽  
S. Hirai ◽  
M. Shoji ◽  
Y. Senoh ◽  
T. Yamazaki
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Corticospinal Tracts ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Axonal Swellings

scholarly journals Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: The Most Common And Lethal Form Of Motor Neuron Disease-a Case Report From Middle East

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 (02) ◽  
pp. 156-158
Author(s):  
Waseem Mehmood Nizamani ◽  
Ameet Jesrani ◽  
Mujtaba Khan ◽  
Kalthoum Tlili ◽  
Nader Al Khuraish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Motor Neuron ◽  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Corticospinal Tracts ◽  
Familial Form ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Made In

A neurodegenerative disorder which is fatal, rapidly progressive and has no effective treatment till date is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Almost 90% of all cases occur in the sporadic form, with the rest occurring in the familial form. It is a devastating disease leading to death within 3-5 years in most cases. The diagnosis of AML is difficult to made in spite of acknowledgment for 140 years. It is diagnosed by clinical presentation which is a combination of upper and lower motor neuron signs and electro diagnostic studies which gives information about diffuse motor axonal injury. This neurodegenerative disorder results in degeneration of corticospinal tracts and anterior horn cells and involving motor neurons of the cerebral cortex, brainstem, and spinal cord. There are a variable signs and symptoms of this disease, so the diagnosis is very important for the management and better outcome of the patients. Cause of death in these patients is usually respiratory failure

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

2019 ◽  
pp. 322-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Newman Osafo ◽  
David Darko Obiri ◽  
Oduro Kofi Yeboah ◽  
Prince Amankwah Baffour Minkah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Family History ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Neuromuscular Disease ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Anterior Horn Cell ◽  
Cell Degeneration ◽  
Corticospinal Tracts ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder (ND) that primarily comprises the neurons responsible for controlling voluntary muscle movement. The unique neuropathologic findings include anterior horn cell degeneration producing muscle atrophy or amyotrophy, degeneration, and sclerosis of the corticospinal tracts. It is a common neuromuscular disease worldwide and has been identified in people of all races. There seems to be neither identified risk factors nor family history associated with most of the documented ALS cases. There exists no treatment for ALS that can prevent neither its progression nor reverse its development. However, there are treatments available that can help control symptoms, prevent unnecessary complications, and make living with the disease easier. This chapter extensively discusses this neurodegenerative disorder based on the currently available knowledge on the condition.

Magnetic resonance imaging of the corticospinal tracts in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

1995 ◽  
Vol 133 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 66-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin-ichi Terao ◽  
Gen Sobue ◽  
Takeshi Yasuda ◽  
Teruhiko Kachi ◽  
Masahiko Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Corticospinal Tracts ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Automated Acoustic Analysis of Oral Diadochokinesis to Assess Bulbar Motor Involvement in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panying Rong
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Speaking Rate ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Tongue Movement ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Syllable Repetition ◽  
Oral Diadochokinesis ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Purpose The purpose of this article was to validate a novel acoustic analysis of oral diadochokinesis (DDK) in assessing bulbar motor involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Method An automated acoustic DDK analysis was developed, which filtered out the voice features and extracted the envelope of the acoustic waveform reflecting the temporal pattern of syllable repetitions during an oral DDK task (i.e., repetitions of /tɑ/ at the maximum rate on 1 breath). Cycle-to-cycle temporal variability (cTV) of envelope fluctuations and syllable repetition rate (sylRate) were derived from the envelope and validated against 2 kinematic measures, which are tongue movement jitter (movJitter) and alternating tongue movement rate (AMR) during the DDK task, in 16 individuals with bulbar ALS and 18 healthy controls. After the validation, cTV, sylRate, movJitter, and AMR, along with an established clinical speech measure, that is, speaking rate (SR), were compared in their ability to (a) differentiate individuals with ALS from healthy controls and (b) detect early-stage bulbar declines in ALS. Results cTV and sylRate were significantly correlated with movJitter and AMR, respectively, across individuals with ALS and healthy controls, confirming the validity of the acoustic DDK analysis in extracting the temporal DDK pattern. Among all the acoustic and kinematic DDK measures, cTV showed the highest diagnostic accuracy (i.e., 0.87) with 80% sensitivity and 94% specificity in differentiating individuals with ALS from healthy controls, which outperformed the SR measure. Moreover, cTV showed a large increase during the early disease stage, which preceded the decline of SR. Conclusions This study provided preliminary validation of a novel automated acoustic DDK analysis in extracting a useful measure, namely, cTV, for early detection of bulbar ALS. This analysis overcame a major barrier in the existing acoustic DDK analysis, which is continuous voicing between syllables that interferes with syllable structures. This approach has potential clinical applications as a novel bulbar assessment.

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