Understanding the pyrolysis behavior of agriculture, forest and aquatic biomass: Products distribution and characterization

The study of thermal wastes from the nuclear plants around Pierrelatte for agricultural, piscicultural, energy and environmental protection purposes resulted in the establishment of a pilot facility as early as 1976. An aquatic macrophyte pilot facility has been operational since 1983 to study the use of water hyacinths from the aspects of energy and ecology. The results obtained suggest that production yields for the 7 month growing period should exceed 60 metric tons (MT) (dry weight) per hectare in a European climate, and that such crops can feasibly be cultivated in temperate regions. The pilot facility is supplied with pisciculture effluent water, making it possible to quantify the stabilization power of the plants. Without primary decantation, with a retention time of 4 days and stabilization with water hyacinths only, the organic matter waste pond surface area required is 3.5 m2/m2 of pisciculture pond. Any primary or secondary facilities will lead to a reduction of these areas. The final decision will depend on the economical optimization of all the wastewater.

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A comprehensive evaluation on pyrolysis behavior, kinetics, and primary volatile formation pathways of rice husk for application to catalytic valorization

Fuel Processing Technology ◽

10.1016/j.fuproc.2020.106715 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 214 ◽

pp. 106715

Author(s):

Bin Tian ◽

Long Xu ◽

Man Jing ◽

Na Liu ◽

Yuanyu Tian

Keyword(s):

Rice Husk ◽

Comprehensive Evaluation ◽

Pyrolysis Behavior

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Geoenvironmental Implications and Biocenosis of Freshwater Lakes in the Arid Zone of East Kazakhstan

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13105756 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 5756

Author(s):

Talant N. Samarkhanov ◽

Anar B. Myrzagaliyeva ◽

Jiri Chlachula ◽

Ludmila B. Kushnikova ◽

Jolanta Czerniawska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Central Asia ◽

Arid Zone ◽

Anthropogenic Impacts ◽

Benthic Fauna ◽

Steppe Zone ◽

Taxonomic Composition ◽

Nature Protection ◽

Aquatic Biomass ◽

East Kazakhstan ◽

Lacustrine Basins

Steppe and semi-desert lakes of Central Asia represent unique and still poorly known aquatic ecosystems. The paper provides summaries of multi-proxy environmental and biological investigations of the previously unexplored ground of Sibe lakes in the naturally pristine zone of East Kazakhstan, and of their contributions to people. Data on the taxonomic composition of zooplankton and zoobenthos of these freshwater lacustrine basins are presented in terms of the species’ frequency of occurrence; the abundance of the aquatic biomass and the analyzed water geochemical variables insofar as they are dependent and correlative. The qualitative and quantitative records display variability in the biocenosis diversity due to the lakes’ geochemistry and hydrology differences—some lakes being oligotrophic and others being moderately trophic. In the latter case, the lakes characterized by an increased macrozoobenthos biomass are favourable for local ichthyofauna. Sapro-biological analysis reveals the predominance of β-saprobic species in the zooplankton composition pointing to slight or moderate pollution of surface waters due to natural biotic substances. This observation is in agreement with differences in the water quality of solitary lakes. The uneven distributions of benthic invertebrates (in terms of taxonomy and species populations) in the water bodies suggest specific hydro-ecological conditions that predetermine the structure of the lakes’ biocenosis. The littoral part of the lakes is characterized by the highest abundance of zooplankton and benthic fauna. The Sibe lakes are an example of an autonomous functioning of the lacustrine basins in the upland arid steppe zone, which is characterized by pronounced climate “continentality” and a high level of the sub-aquatic flora and fauna endemism. The present results are relevant to the understanding of the ecosystems’ dynamics and the modern anthropogenic impacts upon the pristine parkland-steppe landscapes of Central Asia, with implications for regional nature protection and sustainable eco-recreation.

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