Comparison of Low-Dose Sevoflurane Inhalation With Intranasal Ketamine as Rescue Sedation After Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Failure in Outpatient Children Undergoing MRI: A Randomized Control Trial

Aim. Type 2 diabetes increases the risk of cognitive decline which adversely impacts self-management of the disease. Evidence also supports a relationship between low serum 25(OH)D levels and poor cognition. The purpose of this trial was to assess vitamin D supplementation on cognitive executive functioning in persons living with type 2 diabetes. Methods. This was a double-blinded RCT where participants were randomized to receive either weekly vitamin D3 supplementation (50,000 IUs) or a matching comparator (5,000 IUs) for three months. The primary outcome was a battery of neuropsychological tests. Serum 25(OH)D was measured by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Repeated assessments of cognitive measures were collected over 12 weeks using alternative testing forms to minimize practice effects. Results. Thirty participants were randomized to either the low-dose allocation (n=15) or the high-dose allocation (n=15). Most participants were female (83%) and identified as Black (57%). For all cognition measures, there was no statistically significant finding between participants who received high-dose vitamin D supplementation and those who received low-dose supplementation. However, when assessing cognitive function in both groups over time, minimal improvement on the Symbol-Digits, the Stroop Interference Test, and the Trail Making Test Part B was observed. Conclusions. To our knowledge, this is the first randomized control trial to examine the effects of vitamin D supplementation on cognitive function in people with type 2 diabetes. However, no significant differences in cognitive outcomes between participants who received high-dose therapy and those who received low dose were found.

Download Full-text

Efficacy of intravenous tramadol and low-dose ketamine in the prevention of post-spinal anesthesia shivering following cesarean section: a double-blinded, randomized control trial

International Journal of Women s Health ◽

10.2147/ijwh.s139655 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol Volume 9 ◽

pp. 681-688 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Girmay Fitiwi Lema ◽

Endale Gebreegziabher Gebremedhn ◽

Amare Hailekiros Gebregzi ◽

Yilkal Tadesse Desta ◽

Adugna Aregawi Kassa

Keyword(s):

Cesarean Section ◽

Spinal Anesthesia ◽

Randomized Control Trial ◽

Low Dose ◽

Randomized Control ◽

Double Blinded

Download Full-text

Prevention of Oculocardiac Reflex by Premedication With Low Dose I/V Ketamine during Strabismus Surgery

10.53350/pjmhs2115102652 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 2652-2655

Author(s):

Mehreen Akram ◽

Iqra Mushtaq ◽

Rafia Kousar

Keyword(s):

Randomized Control Trial ◽

Low Dose ◽

Nmda Receptor Antagonist ◽

Strabismus Surgery ◽

Control Group ◽

Case Report Form ◽

Trial Methodology ◽

Oculocardiac Reflex ◽

Randomized Control ◽

And Control

Background: OCR commonly occurs during strabismus surgery, producing bradycardia, arrhythmias and even cardiac arrest after manipulation of orbital structures. Ketamine is NMDA receptor antagonist and acts as an analgesic. Aim: To determine the effect of ketamine premedication on prevention of OCR during strabismus surgery. Study design: Randomized control trial Methodology: 60 patients were randomly divided into two groups i.e., Ketamine 0.75mg/kg (Group K) and control (Group C). Group K patients were premedicated with 0.75mg/kg ketamine while Group C patients did not receive any premedication. Heart rate and ECG were observed 30 sec before and continuously after traction on extraocular muscles was applied upto end of surgery for bradycardia and arrhythmias. Percentage change in HR and presence of arrhythmias was documented. All the data was collected using case report form and analyzed using SPSS version 15. Results: In Group C, 15(50%) cases had arrhythmias while in Group K, only 4(13.33%) cases had arrhythmias. Mean HR in Group C was 118.77±6.92/min and in Group K was 101.57±15.65/min. In Group C, oculocardiac reflex was present in 23(76.7%) cases and in Group K, OCR was present in 6 (20%) cases and prevented in 24 (80%) cases. Conclusion: Premedication with 0.75mg/kg IV ketamine significantly reduces the occurrence of oculocardiac reflex during strabismus surgery. Keywords: Ketamine, Oculocardiac Reflex, Premedication, Prevention, Strabismus

Download Full-text