scholarly journals Prevention of Oculocardiac Reflex by Premedication With Low Dose I/V Ketamine during Strabismus Surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2652-2655
Author(s):  
Mehreen Akram ◽  
Iqra Mushtaq ◽  
Rafia Kousar
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Nmda Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Strabismus Surgery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Report Form ◽  
Trial Methodology ◽  
Oculocardiac Reflex ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
And Control

Background: OCR commonly occurs during strabismus surgery, producing bradycardia, arrhythmias and even cardiac arrest after manipulation of orbital structures. Ketamine is NMDA receptor antagonist and acts as an analgesic. Aim: To determine the effect of ketamine premedication on prevention of OCR during strabismus surgery. Study design: Randomized control trial Methodology: 60 patients were randomly divided into two groups i.e., Ketamine 0.75mg/kg (Group K) and control (Group C). Group K patients were premedicated with 0.75mg/kg ketamine while Group C patients did not receive any premedication. Heart rate and ECG were observed 30 sec before and continuously after traction on extraocular muscles was applied upto end of surgery for bradycardia and arrhythmias. Percentage change in HR and presence of arrhythmias was documented. All the data was collected using case report form and analyzed using SPSS version 15. Results: In Group C, 15(50%) cases had arrhythmias while in Group K, only 4(13.33%) cases had arrhythmias. Mean HR in Group C was 118.77±6.92/min and in Group K was 101.57±15.65/min. In Group C, oculocardiac reflex was present in 23(76.7%) cases and in Group K, OCR was present in 6 (20%) cases and prevented in 24 (80%) cases. Conclusion: Premedication with 0.75mg/kg IV ketamine significantly reduces the occurrence of oculocardiac reflex during strabismus surgery. Keywords: Ketamine, Oculocardiac Reflex, Premedication, Prevention, Strabismus

scholarly journals Early Use of Corticosteroid May Prolong SARS-CoV-2 Shedding in Non-Intensive Care Unit Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Multicenter, Single-Blind, Randomized Control Trial

Respiration ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Xiao Tang ◽  
Ying-Mei Feng ◽  
Ji-Xiang Ni ◽  
Jia-Ying Zhang ◽  
Li-Min Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Corticosteroid Treatment ◽  
Clinical Deterioration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Early Use ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
Single Blind

<b><i>Background:</i></b> There is still no clinical evidence available to support or to oppose corticosteroid treatment for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To investigate the efficacy and safety of corticosteroid given to the hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This was a prospective, multicenter, single-blind, randomized control trial. Adult patients with COVID-19 pneumonia who were admitted to the general ward were randomly assigned to either receive methylprednisolone or not for 7 days. The primary end point was the incidence of clinical deterioration 14 days after randomization. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We terminated this trial early because the number of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in all the centers decreased in late March. Finally, a total of 86 COVID-19 patients underwent randomization. There was no difference of the incidence of clinical deterioration between the methylprednisolone group and control group (4.8 vs. 4.8%, <i>p</i> = 1.000). The duration of throat viral RNA detectability in the methylprednisolone group was 11 days (interquartile range, 6–16 days), which was significantly longer than that in the control group (8 days [2–12 days], <i>p</i> = 0.030). There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in other secondary outcomes. Mass cytometry discovered CD3<sup>+</sup> T cells, CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells, and NK cells in the methylprednisolone group which were significantly lower than those in the control group after randomization (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> From this prematurely closed trial, we found that the short-term early use of corticosteroid could suppress the immune cells, which may prolong severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 shedding in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. <b><i>Trial Registration:</i></b> ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04273321.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Single Pre-Operative Dose of Glucocorticoid (125mg of Solumedrol Intravenous) in Terms of Seroma Formation in Patients Undergoing Mastectomy with Axillary Clearance For Breast Cancer: A Randomized Control Trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Aliya Ishaq ◽  
Abida Parveen ◽  
Aliya Ishaq ◽  
Mariya Ishaq ◽  
Muhammad Jamshaid Hussain Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Fluid Collection ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Seroma Formation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Drain Removal ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
And Control

Objective: The study aimed to determine the efficacy of single dose of glucocorticoid (125 mg of Solumedrol intravenous) in terms of seroma formation after mastectomy in patient with carcinoma of breast. Study Design: Randomized control trial. Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery, Liaquat National Hospital Karachi, Pakistan from july 1 to dec 31, 2010. Patients and Methods: Patients were randomly divided in two groups (study and control) each group consisting of 30 patients. Randomization was done by opening of a sealed envelope which had a slip bearing the name of study medication (solumederol or saline as placebo) to be administered. The study group received a single dose of inj 125mg solumedrol IV half an hour prior to surgery by resident scrub in surgery. A similar procedure was applied to the control group and patients in controlled group were administered an equal volume of saline intravenously. After drain removal patients in both groups were observed for a duration of 2 weeks for sermoa formation. Detection of seroma formation was based on clinical grounds by absence of any fluid collection at mastectomy bed as detected by manual palpation. SPSS 10 was used for analysis. Results: Seroma formation was observed in 66.7% (40/60) women 2 weeks post drain removal. Rate of seroma formation was significantly low in study groups than control groups (33.3% vs. 100%; p=0.0001). Conclusion: Single dose of steroid is efficacious in reducing the post mastectomy seroma formation.

The Impact of a Foot-Toe Orthosis on Dynamic Balance: An Exploratory Randomized Control Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 871-878
Author(s):  
Adam Kelly ◽  
Justin Stanek
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Context: The influence of custom and over-the-counter foot orthoses on dynamic balance has been investigated in the past. However, there has not been an exploration of the use of a foot-toe orthosis for improving balance. The ability of clinicians to influence balance could have important implications for injury prevention and rehabilitation. Objective: To determine the impact of a foot-toe orthosis on dynamic balance in healthy, young adults. Design: Randomized control trial. Setting: Athletic training laboratory. Participants: In total, 64 healthy, recreationally active participants aged 18–29 years were randomly allocated to one of the following groups: the foot-toe orthosis and laboratory-issued shoe group, the laboratory-issued shoe only (SO) group, or the control group. Interventions: Subjects in the intervention group wore the foot-toe orthosis and laboratory-issued shoe with activities of daily living for 4 weeks. Subjects in the SO intervention group wore the laboratory-issued shoe with activities of daily living for 4 weeks. Participants in the control group did not receive any intervention. Main Outcome Measures: The instrumented version of the Star Excursion Balance Test, known as the Lower Quarter Y-Balance Test, was used to quantify the dynamic balance at baseline and follow-up. Reaches were normalized for leg length. Results: There were statistically significant differences in postintervention scores on the Lower Quarter Y-Balance Test for both the dominant (P = .03, effect size = 0.84; 95% confidence interval, 0.25 to 1.43) and nondominant (P = .002, effect size = 0.74; 95% confidence interval, 0.15 to 1.32) legs when comparing dynamic balance scores of the foot-toe orthosis and laboratory-issued shoe group with the SO and control groups. No significant differences were observed when comparing dynamic balance between the SO and control groups. Conclusions: A 4-week intervention with a foot-toe orthosis and laboratory-issued shoe resulted in improved dynamic balance in a healthy young adult population. These findings suggest a novel intervention for increasing balance.

scholarly journals RANDOMIZED CONTROL TRIAL ON ERANDAMULA GHANAVATI WITH NASYA IN MANYAGRAHA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CERVICAL SPONDYLOSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Sunil Solanke ◽  
Prakash Kabra
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Cervical Spondylosis ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trial Group ◽  
Effect Of Therapy ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
And Control

Background: Cervical spondylosis is defined as degenerative changes occurring in the discs and cervical spine. Stating these changes is to be almost universal in the elderly. Cervical Spondylosis correlated with Manyagraha in Ayurvedic perspective. Aim: Aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of Erandamula Ghanavati and Anu Taila Nasya in Manyagraha. Methods: The Group in which Erandamula Ghanavati and Anutaila Nasya were given to patients was termed as Trial Group. The Group in which Panchatikta Ghrita Guggulu and Anutaila Nasya were given to patients was termed as Control Group. During this study 104 patients out of 150 were equally divided into Trial and Control Group by lottery method and comparative study was done. Statistical analysis was done using appropriate tests. Results: Erandamula Ghanavati along with Anu Taila Nasya has reduces symptoms of Manyagraha. Total effect of therapy is more in Trial group as compared to the Control Group. Discussion: As stated by Charak Erandamula is best Vatahara drug. Its Rasa, Virya and Vipak are helpful to alleviate Vata. Erandamula having Snigdha, Madhuraproperties is going to be beneficial in Dhatukshayajanya Vatavyadhi. Conclusion: Erandamula Ghanavati along with Anu Taila Nasya has beneficial for patients of Manyagraha.

scholarly journals Use of Lubricant at Meatus and Circumcision Site in Younger Children Prevent Post Circumcision Meatal Stenosis : A Randomized Control Trial

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susankar Kumar Mondal ◽  
Md Ansar Ali ◽  
Md Kausar Alam ◽  
Kaniz Hasina ◽  
Abdur Rabban Talukder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Late Complications ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Petroleum Jelly ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Topical Medication ◽  
Meatal Stenosis ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
And Control

Background: Circumcision is the most common surgical procedure performed in boys through out the world. Meatal stenosis is one of its late complications. Objective: The aim of the present study is to see the effectiveness of use of lubricants vaseline-petrelium jelly) during arumcision meatal stenosis. Methodology: A randomized control trial was performed, in which two groups of boys younger than two years old underwent circumcision according to dissection (sleeve) method. The parents in the study groups were strictly instructed to use petroleum jelly on the meatus and circumcision site at every morning or after each diaper change where necessary for three months. On the other hand parents in the control group were instructed not to use any lubricants or topical medication on the same site. The boys were followed up regularly and evaluated for meatal stenosis, bleeding and infection. Results: A total of 120 boys were recruited & in each group comprised of 60 boys. None of the boys in the study group develop meatal stenosis , but 6(10%) in the control group develop meatal stenosis (p< 0.05 ). Infection of the circumcision site was seen in 1 (0.6%) and 3 (5%) children in the lubricant and control groups, respectively (p<0.05) and bleeding was seen in 3 (5.0%) and 6(10.0%) respectively. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it seems logical to use a lubricant jelly for prevention of post circumcision meatal stenosis and other complications. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jssmc.v5i1.16204 J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, 2013;5(1):35-38

EFFECT OF ACCUPRESSURE PEN ON DISTANCE VARIABLE IN SCIATICA PATIENTS -A RANDOMIZED CONTROL TRIAL

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Urja S. Vaidya ◽  
Roshani S. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Stride Length ◽  
Step Length ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Parametric Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Distance Variable

Background: Sciatica is a radiating pain which is treated with manual accupressure and after a time electro accupressure came into introduction. Aim And Objective: Aim: To nd out the effectiveness of accupressure pen to improve the distance variable To nd out the effect of Objective: accupressure pen on pain and distance variable in sciatica patient To compare the experimental group to the control group On the basis of Method: inclusion and exclusion criteria 30 participants were selected. They were treated with electro accupressure pen for 3 alternative days / week for 3 weeks, after that re-assessment was taken with NPRS, Slump and Distance variables. The data was analyzed using SPSS Version Results: 21.Parametric test was used .In Group A improvement was seen Accupressure Conclusions: pen is effective to reduce pain and improve step length and stride length in Sciatica Patients

scholarly journals Effects of Nutrition Education on Improving Knowledge and Practice of Complementary Feeding of Mothers with 6- to 23-Month-Old Children in Daycare Centers in Hawassa Town, Southern Ethiopia: An Institution-Based Randomized Control Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Selam Deksiyous Muluye ◽  
Tefera Belachew Lemma ◽  
Tona Zema Diddana
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
Daycare Centers ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Knowledge And Practice

Undernutrition and hidden hunger threaten the survival, growth, and development of children, young people, economies, and nations. Inappropriate complementary feeding practice due to poor maternal knowledge and awareness in combination with low income and infectious disease is the contributing factor for child undernutrition. Hence, this study was aimed at determining the effect of nutrition education on improving the knowledge and practice of complementary feeding of the mothers with 6- to 23-month old children in daycare centers of Hawassa Town, Southern Ethiopia. An institution-based randomized control trial design was employed. Daycare centers were randomly allocated for the intervention group and the control group. Among the total daycare centers in the town, five were assigned to receive nutrition education and the rest five for the control group (CG). The simple random sampling technique used to select individual participants from each daycare center. Two hundred (200) mother-child pairs (100 for each group) were recruited. Sociodemographic and economic variables were collected by the structured questionnaire. Knowledge of appropriate complementary feeding was assessed by seven knowledge questions. Appropriate complementary feeding practice was assessed by adapting Alive and Thrive Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) practice guidelines. Nutrition education was given for four consecutive months by using Alive and Thrive IYCF guidelines. Data were analyzed by the SPSS software program version 20. The chi-squared test was used to test the significant differences in the proportion of good knowledge and good practice of complementary feeding and good dietary diversity between two groups. The independent t test was used to test the significant differences in mean dietary diversity between two groups. At 95% confidence interval, p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. The results revealed that the proportion of mothers with good knowledge of appropriate complementary feeding was increased from 59% at pretest to 96% at posttest and the appropriate complementary feeding practice was improved from 54% at pretest to 86% at posttest in IG. There was no change in the knowledge and practice of complementary feeding practice in CG after four months. The proportion of mothers with good complementary knowledge was 54% both at pretest and at posttest and good complementary feeding practice was 51% and 52% at pre- and posttest in CG, respectively. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) on complementary feeding knowledge and practice between two groups at pretest, while the difference was highly significant (p<0.05) at the posttest. In conclusion, providing nutrition education improved the appropriate complementary feeding knowledge and practice of mothers. In recommendation, government and other partners working on sustainable child nutrition reduction should focus on the nutrition education to improve the knowledge and appropriate complementary feeding practice including daycare centers.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Klinis Ofloksasin Topikal Dibanding Ciprofloksasin Oral Pada Terapi Otitis Media Supuratif Kronik Aktif

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deasy Mediawaty ◽  
Pujo Widodo ◽  
Dian Ayu Ruspita
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Per Oral

Latar belakang : Otitis media kronik atau sering disebut Otitis Media Supuratif Kronik (OMSK) adalah otitis media yang berlangsung > 12 minggu. Prevalensi OMSK di seluruh dunia sebanyak 65-330 juta dan 60% di antaranya menderita kurang pendengaran yang signifikan. Angka kejadian OMSK aktif mencapai 3,8% dari pasien THT-KL. Gejala OMSK aktif berupa banyaknya discaj, kurang pendengaran, nyeri, pusing berputar, telinga tidak nyaman. Tanda OMSK aktif berupa discaj di liang telinga, perforasi membran timpani, dan gangguan pendengaran. World Health Organization (WHO) mencanangkan strategi untuk mengatasi OMSK secara serius berkaitan dengan komplikasi yang dapat disebabkan. Pilihan terapi medikamentosa yang tepat diperlukan untuk mengatasi OMSK aktif. Ofloksasin topikal dan ciprofloksasin oral adalah antibiotik golongan fluorokuinolon yang banyak digunakan. Efektivitas diantaranya dibuktikan dengan perbaikan gejala dan tanda klinis. Tujuan : Membuktikan efektifitas ofloksasin topikal, ciprofloksasin oral dan efektifitas ofloksasin topikal dibanding ciprofloksasin oral terhadap perbaikan gejala dan tanda klinis. Metode :  Penelitian intervensi dengan rancangan pretest and posttest control group design, randomized control trial Klinik THT-KL BKIM Semarang pada bulan Juni-Agustus 2016. Penderita OMSK aktif dilakukan anamnesis lalu dilakukan pemeriksaan fisik dan pemeriksaan pendengaran dilanjutkan randomisasi. Penderita diberi ofloksasin topikal 10 tetes/12 jam atau ciprofloksasin tablet 500 mg/12 jam per oral. Hari ke 4, 10 dan 14 setelah terapi penderita kontrol. Analisis uji komparatif menggunakan uji parametrik dan non parametrik. Hasil : Jumlah subyek penelitian 108 orang ; ofloksasin topikal 54 orang (50%) dan ciprofloksasin oral 54 orang  (50 %). Gejala dan tanda klinis setelah terapi lebih rendah dibanding sebelum terapi pada kelompok ofloksasin topikal dan ciprofloksasin oral dengan nilai kemaknaan p < 0,05. Gejala klinis kelompok ofloksasin lebih baik dibanding ciproloksasin secara bermakna (p<0,05). Tanda klinis kedua kelompok terdapat perbedaan yang tidak bermakna (p>0,05). Simpulan : Ofloksasin topikal dan ciprofloksasin oral terbukti efektif memperbaiki gejala dan tanda klinis penderita OMSK aktif. Ofloksasin topikal efektif memperbaiki gejala klinis dibandingkan ciprofloksasin oral. Kata kunci : Otitis media supuratif kronik, ofloksasin, ciprofloksasin, gejala dan tanda klinis

Effects of thoracic spine manipulation on pressure pain sensitivity of rhomboid muscle active trigger points: a randomized control trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Bibi Haleema ◽  
Huma Riaz
Keyword(s):  
Thoracic Spine ◽  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Trigger Points ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pressure Sensitivity ◽  
Myofascial Trigger Points ◽  
Pain Pressure Threshold ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Control

Abstract Objective: The objective of study was to determine the effects of thoracic spine manipulation on interscapular pain and pain pressure sensitivity, thoracic mobility and disability due to active myofascial trigger points in rhomboid muscle. Methods: A randomized control trial was conducted at Women Institute of Rehabilitation Sciences Abbottabad, from July to December 2019.Ethical permission was taken fromResearch ethical committee of Riphah international university Islamabad. Participants were selected through non-probability purposive sampling technique as per inclusion criteria. It consisted of 60 participants with forward head posture having active trigger points in rhomboid muscle, with age ranging from 18 to 30 years. The participants were randomly allocated through sealed envelope method into two groups that are experimental and control. Experimental group has received thoracic manipulation along with conventional physical therapy (CPT) whereas control group has only received CPT including manual pressure release and therapeutic exercise. Intervention was applied with 2 sessions / week with 3 weeks in total. Pre and Post assessment was done with outcome measurement tools comprised of Numeric pain rating scale (NPRS) for pain severity, Algometry for pain pressure threshold(PPT), Inclinometer for Range of movement(ROM) and Neck disability index (NDI) for associated disability. Data analysis was done using SPSS-20 version. Results: Between group analysis has shown significant improvement of pain & pain pressure sensitivity with p value <0.01 and <0.05 respectively. All outcome measures have shown significant difference in pre post treatment (p<.000) in both groups. Continuous...

scholarly journals Effect of Astragalus membranaceus Oral Solution on Lifespan and Learning and Memory Ability of Honey Bees

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Tao Hong ◽  
Long-Xue Li ◽  
Xiao-ping Han ◽  
Jing-liang Shi ◽  
Cai-yun Dan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Oral Solution ◽  
Astragalus Membranaceus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

In this study, the effects of Astragalus membranaceus oral solution on lifespan and learning and memory abilities of honey bees were evaluated. Two groups of bees were fed with sucrose syrup (50%) containing low dose (1.33%) and high dose (13.3%) of A. membranaceus oral solution, respectively. The proboscis extension response (PER) analysis was applied to examine the learning and memory capabilities of bees. Two genes related to memory formation in honey bees were determined by real-time PCR. High dose (13.3%) of A. membranaceus significantly decreased the mean lifespan of bees compared to the bees fed with low dose (1.33%) and control bees. No significant differences in lifespan of bees were found between low-dose-fed bees and control bees. The results of PER experiments showed apparent improvement in the memorizing ability of the high-dose group (in comparison with the control group). Moreover, the relative expression levels of Nmdar1 in the low-dose group and control group were significantly lower than those in the high-dose group. It is preliminarily concluded that A. membranaceus has an adverse effect on the mean lifespan of honey bees but might be helpful in strengthening memories.

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