Multi-residue determination of 47 organic compounds in water, soil, sediment and fish—Turia River as case study

The main reasons which caused the water pollution in canals, especially in Khlong Prem Prachakorn, are untreated, and improperly treated household, accumulation from flood situation in Bangkok. Soil sediment accumulation in canal contain many types of organic compounds. However, contaminant that causes an increase health risk is the mostly concern. This research was performed to investigate the organic compounds in household wastewater removal under biodegradation, and adsorption mechanisms by using soil sediment taken from Khlong Prem Prachakorn, Bangkok, Thailand. For the adsorption experiment, inactivated sludge was used for determining adsorption capacity of soil sediment. The samples were slowly mixed at 30 rpm and taken at constant time intervals for the determination of biological oxygen demand (BOD), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction. The influent BOD, and COD concentration were found 63 mg/l, and 354 mg/l, respectively. The results indicated that the concentration of BOD, and COD were decreasing rapidly by both biodegradation and adsorption mechanisms within 12 h. In this research, the biological activity by microorganisms in soil sediment as an important role and helped to remove organic compound in household wastewater.

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A novel method for the determination of linting propensity of paper

TAPPI Journal ◽

10.32964/tj11.10.9 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 9-17

Author(s):

ALESSANDRA GERLI ◽

LEENDERT C. EIGENBROOD

Keyword(s):

Ash Content ◽

The Novel ◽

Offset Printing ◽

Excellent Correlation ◽

End Conditions ◽

Bottom Side ◽

Novel Method ◽

Total Fraction

A novel method was developed for the determination of linting propensity of paper based on printing with an IGT printability tester and image analysis of the printed strips. On average, the total fraction of the surface removed as lint during printing is 0.01%-0.1%. This value is lower than those reported in most laboratory printing tests, and more representative of commercial offset printing applications. Newsprint paper produced on a roll/blade former machine was evaluated for linting propensity using the novel method and also printed on a commercial coldset offset press. Laboratory and commercial printing results matched well, showing that linting was higher for the bottom side of paper than for the top side, and that linting could be reduced on both sides by application of a dry-strength additive. In a second case study, varying wet-end conditions were used on a hybrid former machine to produce four paper reels, with the goal of matching the low linting propensity of the paper produced on a machine with gap former configuration. We found that the retention program, by improving fiber fines retention, substantially reduced the linting propensity of the paper produced on the hybrid former machine. The papers were also printed on a commercial coldset offset press. An excellent correlation was found between the total lint area removed from the bottom side of the paper samples during laboratory printing and lint collected on halftone areas of the first upper printing unit after 45000 copies. Finally, the method was applied to determine the linting propensity of highly filled supercalendered paper produced on a hybrid former machine. In this case, the linting propensity of the bottom side of paper correlated with its ash content.

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