Study on the treatment of phenol-containing wastewater by doping coal char

The single blending of biomass and S-TiO2 and the mixed modification of coal char were obtained by the method of coking with coal pyrolysis furnace. The adsorption performance of biomass and S-TiO2 was investigated by the adsorption experiment of phenol solution. The results show that under the optimal conditions the best performance of MCC-2 can achieve 94% removal efficiency of phenol. The adsorption efficiency is 20% higher than that reported in the literature, and the adsorption equilibrium time is several times shorter than that reported in the literature. The modified coal char has broad prospects as a substitute for activated carbon in practical application.

Preparation and Characterization of Sludge-Based Magnetic Biochar by Pyrolysis for Methylene Blue Removal

The development of low-cost adsorbent is an urgent need in the field of wastewater treatment. In this study, sludge-based magnetic biochar (SMB) was prepared by pyrolysis of sewage sludge and backwashing iron mud without any chemical agents. The samples were characterized by TGA, XRD, ICP, Organic element analysis, SEM, TEM, VSM and BET. Characterization analysis indicated that the magnetic substance in SMB was Fe3O4, and the saturation magnetization was 25.60 emu·g−1, after the adsorption experiment, SMB could be separated from the solution by a magnet. The batch adsorption experiment of methylene blue (MB) adsorption showed that the adsorption capacities of SMB at 298 K, 308 K and 318 K were 47.44 mg·L−1, 39.35 mg·L−1, and 25.85 mg·L−1, respectively. After one regeneration with hydrochloric acid, the maximum adsorption capacity of the product reached 296.52 mg·g−1. Besides, the adsorption kinetic described well by the pseudo-second order model revealed that the intraparticle diffusion was not just the only rate controlling step in adsorption process. This study gives a reasonable reference for the treatment of sewage sludge and backwashing iron mud. The product could be used as a low-cost adsorbent for MB removal.

Acetaldehyde Adsorption Characteristics of Ag/ACF Composite Prepared by Liquid Phase Plasma Method

Ag particles were precipitated on an activated carbon fiber (ACF) surface using a liquid phase plasma (LPP) method to prepare a Ag/ACF composite. The efficiency was examined by applying it as an adsorbent in the acetaldehyde adsorption experiment. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry confirmed that Ag particles were distributed uniformly on an ACF surface. X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed that metallic silver (Ag0) and silver oxide (Ag2O) precipitated simultaneously on the ACF surface. Although the precipitated Ag particles blocked the pores of the ACF, the specific surface area of the Ag/ACF composite material decreased, but the adsorption capacity of acetaldehyde was improved. The AA adsorption of ACF and Ag/ACF composites performed in this study was suitable for the Dose–Response model.

Adsorption evaluation of large-size HDEHP/SiO2-P adsorbent investigated by micro-PIXE analysis

The Zr and Mo removal from HLLW is the current issue for repeated usage of the CMPO/SiO2-P-packed column. The adsorbability of the 2-mm-sized HDEHP/SiO2-P adsorbent, which was prepared by fabricating a SiO2 particle from the vibration cutting method and adapting a new polymerization method, was evaluated by the batch-wise adsorption experiment. In spite of the impregnation ratio of the HDEHP extractant, the extraction of Zr and Mo ions from the simulated HLLW was achieved but lanthanide ions e.g., Nd and Gd were also extracted as a minor component. Such unusual adsorption behavior of lanthanide ions could be only provided by accurate, sensitive and reliable micro-PIXE analysis.

SELECTIVE DECOLORIZATION OF ANIONIC TEXTILE DYE FROM BINARY SOLUTIONS BY ADSORPTION ONTO CHITOSAN-POLYANILINE/Fe3O4 NANOCOMPOSITE

In this study, chitosan-polyaniline/Fe3O4 nanocomposite material (CS-PANI/Fe3O4) was prepared by means of in-situ emulsion polymerization method. The synthesized material was then utilized as an adsorbent for the removal of Reactive blue 198 (RB198) from a single and binary dye system. The effects of pH, contact time, and initial dye concentration on the removal efficiency of the adsorbent were systematically investigated. The obtained results indicated that the adsorption ability toward RB198 of the prepared adsorbent decreased with an increase in the initial dye concentration and pH media. Meanwhile, the removal percentage of dye increased with increasing contact time. Importantly, approximately 92.4% RB198 was removed for an adsorption time of 120 min in single dye system. Adsorption experiment using a binary system of dyes indicated that the removal percentages of RB198 were 72.8% and 94.7% in the RB198-RR198 and RB198-CY mixture, respectively.

Efficient and Low-Cost Removal of Methylene Blue using Activated Natural Kaolinite Material

Clays are low-price and very useful material for water treatment purpose. In this work, we reported the application of activated natural kaolinite material which obtained from Wediombo beach, Yogyakarta for methylene blue adsorption. The natural kaolinite material was activated under an acidic condition to obtain the activated kaolinite material. The activated kaolinite material was characterized using Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and surface analysis. From the adsorption experiment, the activated kaolinite material gave moderate adsorption percentages for methylene blue. The adsorption kinetics followed the Ho and McKay kinetic model while the adsorption isotherm followed Langmuir model. The qmax value for methylene blue adsorption using activated natural kaolinite material was at a moderate level (3.40 mg g-1). The plausible adsorption mechanism of methylene blue on the surface of activated kaolinite material happened through hydrogen bondings and/or electrostatic interactions. These findings are important for a wastewater treatment using a low-cost adsorbent material.

FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR THE USE OF NATURAL MORDENITE IN PURIFICATION PROCESSES OF WASTEWATERS FROM PHARMACEUTICAL POLLUTANTS

The present research concerns the possibility of adsorptive removal of the frequently used antibiotics – moxifloxacin and norfloxacin on natural zeolites – mordenite and its acid-modified form from aqueous solutions. The adsorption of the above-mentioned antibiotics on the selected natural zeolite samples was investigated under static and dynamic conditions. Adsorption experiment under dynamic conditions carried out using the specially constructed dynamic type of laboratory equipment. Based on the data of chemical, IR spectroscopic, X-ray diffraction analyses, it has shown that when the zeolite adsorbent is treated with an acid, an equivalent exchange of extra framework cations for a hydrogen ion and dealumination occurs and silanol groups are formed at the same time. The increase in the adsorption activity of mordenite as a result of its treatment with acid is associated with an increase in the pore size due to the unblocking of the adsorbent aluminosilicate framework channels during dealumination.

New understanding of electrical activity brought by surface potential of cardiomyocytes

Aiming at the problem encountered in the previous research: during the electrical activity of cardiomyocytes, the influent ions do not seem to be directly derived from the extracellular fluid. We chose to cut in from the colloidal properties of the cells, follow the basic principles of physical chemistry, and establish hypotheses along the derivation of the structural characteristics of cardiomyocytes. Through the surface ion adsorption experiment and patch clamp experiment of living cells, under the condition of sequentially reducing the concentration of Na+ in the extracellular fluid, we observed the exchange and diffusion of adsorbed ions on the cell surface; the changes of inflow INa, ICa-L and action potential; and correlation between results. The results showed that the hypothesis is true. The observed parameter changes were consistent with the fact that during depolarization of cardiomyocytes, the ions of influx were derived from the inference of adsorbed ions on the cell surface; at the same time, it also provided an objective and realistic explanation for the generation of electrocardiogram.