scholarly journals The DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa may change its population prevalence and prognostic value

2016 ◽  
Vol 77 ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Mustelin ◽  
Yasmina Silén ◽  
Anu Raevuori ◽  
Hans W. Hoek ◽  
Jaakko Kaprio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Population Prevalence

scholarly journals Suicidality in Adolescents With Onset of Anorexia Nervosa: From the Conceptualization of the Symptom to Clinical Practice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberta Mereu ◽  
Teresa Fantoni ◽  
Saverio Caini ◽  
Francesca Monzali ◽  
Elena Roselli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
European Guidelines ◽  
Percentile Curves

Abstract Purpose: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder (ED) that is divided in a restrictive (R-AN) and atypical (A-AN) form depending on the body mass index (BMI). In 100 adolescents with AN, we reviewed the diagnosis (R-AN and A-AN) in relation to different diagnostic criteria (absolute BMI, DSM-5 criteria, European Guidelines and Cacciari percentile curves) and we studied the prevalence of suicidality (suicidal thoughts and behaviours). We also observed the association between suicidality and severity of AN symptoms and psychiatric comorbidities.Methods: We subdivided AN in R-AN and A-AN, considering the four diagnostic criteria previously described. We used the Fisher’s exact test and the Mann-Whitney test for categorical and continuous variables, and we applied multivariate analysis of variance and covariance. Results: Thirty-one % of patients changed diagnosis from R-AN to A-AN depending on which diagnostic criteria was used. Twenty-seven % of patients presented suicidality and they showed greater severity of specific AN psychopathology.Conclusions: Categorization of the AN in childhood can change depending on the diagnostic criteria used. Suicidality is independent from BMI, and seems to be related to specific ED psychopathology and psychiatric comorbidity. These data confirm the need to conceptualize the pathology in a different way and improve the therapeutic intervention. Our findings also highlight the importance of screening for suicidality among children and adolescents at onset of AN to prevent suicide.Level of evidence: level IV

scholarly journals Channeling: A Non-pathological Possession and Dissociative Identity Experience or Something Else?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Pederzoli ◽  
Patrizio Tressoldi ◽  
Helané Wahbeh
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Scientific Investigation ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Mental Experience

AbstractChanneling experiences are often compared with Dissociative Trance/Possession Disorders and Dissociative Identity Disorders and more recent diagnostic criteria presented in the DSM 5 and ICD-11. From this comparison, it emerges quite clearly that, for most cases, channeling can either be considered an exceptional non-ordinary mental experience or a non-pathological Dissociative Trance/Possession experience. If this characterization is valid, the next step is to understand the origin of channeling experiences. Are they an expression of channeler’s unconscious or voluntary mental mechanisms, or real connections with “other discarnate entities”? Given their peculiar characteristics, channeling experiences offer a unique opportunity for a scientific investigation and in particular, the origin of the information received by the channelers.

scholarly journals Overcontrolled, undercontrolled, and resilient personality styles among patients with eating disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Isaksson ◽  
Ata Ghaderi ◽  
Martina Wolf-Arehult ◽  
Mia Ramklint
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Personality Style ◽  
Personality Styles ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Poor Treatment ◽  
Atypical Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Poor Treatment Outcome

Abstract Background Personality has been suggested to be an important factor in understanding onset, maintenance, and recovery from eating disorders (ED). The objective of the current study was to evaluate personality style in different ED diagnostic groups as classified in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth edition (DSM-5). Methods The overcontrolled, undercontrolled, and resilient personality styles were compared in four groups of patients with EDs: anorexia nervosa restricting (ANr) (n = 34), anorexia nervosa binge eating/purging (ANbp) (n = 31), atypical anorexia nervosa (AAN) (n = 29), and bulimia nervosa (BN) (n = 76). These groups were compared with a group of patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) (n = 108), and a non-clinical group (NC) (n = 444). Patient data were collected at two outpatient clinics in Uppsala, Sweden. NC control data were collected through convenience sampling. Participants filled out questionnaires assessing personality style. Results The main findings were more pronounced overcontrol reported by the ANr and AAN groups compared with the BN, BPD, and NC groups, and no significant difference in resilience between the ED and the NC groups. Considerable variability of over- and undercontrol was also found within each group. Conclusions The results replicate previous findings when EDs are classified according to current diagnostic criteria (DSM-5). Taking personality styles into account may improve our understanding of certain characteristics in EDs, such as social deficits and rigidity that are attributed to poor treatment outcome.

Anorexia Nervosa in a Black Zimbabwean

1984 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Buchan ◽  
L. D. Gregory
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Traditional Healer ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
The Social ◽  
Speculative Hypothesis ◽  
African Patients

SummaryIn spite of the comparative rarity of anorexia nervosa in African patients, the case of a young black Zimbabwean woman which fulfils Feighner's diagnostic criteria is presented. Special reference is made to several unusual features which include the social and psychological conflicts engendered by changes of culture, the clinical symptoms, and the role of a traditional healer in her recovery. A speculative hypothesis concerning aetiology is suggested.

scholarly journals B-49 * Neuropsychologists' Preferences for DSM-5 versus ICD-10, NINDS, or Other Diagnostic Criteria

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 554-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Rogers ◽  
B. Evans ◽  
C. Roberts ◽  
A. Cuc ◽  
W. Mittenberg
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Icd 10

scholarly journals Psychometric Evaluation of the NORC Diagnostic Screen for Gambling Problems (NODS) for the Assessment of DSM-5 Gambling Disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad W. Brazeau ◽  
David C. Hodgins
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Gambling Disorder ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Gambling Problem ◽  
Gambling Problems ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Diagnostic Threshold ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Problem Severity

Abstract The National Opinion Research Center (NORC) Diagnostic Screen for Gambling Problems (NODS) is one of the most used outcome measures in gambling intervention trials. However, a screen based on DSM-5 gambling disorder criteria has yet to be developed or validated since the DSM-5 release in 2013. This omission is possibly because the criteria for gambling disorder only underwent minor changes from DSM-IV to DSM-5: the diagnostic threshold was reduced from 5 to 4 criteria, and the illegal activity criterion was removed. Validation of a measure that captures these changes is still warranted. The current study examined the psychometric properties of an online self-report past-year adaptation of the NODS based on DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for gambling disorder. Additionally, the new NODS was evaluated for how well it identifies ICD-10 pathological gambling. A diverse sample of participants (N = 959) was crowdsourced via Amazon’s TurkPrime. Internal consistency and one-week test-retest reliability were good. High correlations (r = .74–.77) with other measures of gambling problem severity were observed in addition to moderate correlations (r = .21–.36) with related but distinct constructs (e.g., gambling expenditures, time spent gambling, other addictive behaviours). All nine of the DSM-5 criteria loaded positively on one principal component, which accounted for 40% of the variance. Classification accuracy (i.e., sensitivity, specificity, predictive power) was generally very good with respect to the PGSI and ICD-10 diagnostic criteria. Future validation studies are encouraged to establish a gold standard measurement of gambling problem severity.

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