Characterization of the thickness of the Tear Film Lipid Layer in Meibomian Gland Dysfunction using high resolution optical microscopy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqiang Bai ◽  
William Ngo ◽  
Safal Khanal ◽  
Jason J. Nichols
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Meibomian Gland Dysfunction ◽  
Lipid Layer

scholarly journals Androgen and meibomian gland dysfunction: from basic molecular biology to clinical applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 915-922
Author(s):  
Li-Xiang Wang ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tear Film ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
The Body ◽  
Meibomian Gland Dysfunction ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Lipid Layer ◽  
Normal Functions ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Eye Symptoms ◽  
Dry Eye Symptoms

Meibomian gland, the largest sebaceous gland of the body, is responsible for the biosynthesis of lipid layer of the tear film to prevent excessive evaporation. The loss of normal functions of meibomian gland, known as meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), is a chronic disease and is the leading cause of dry eye symptoms in the clinics. Studies have found sex hormones, especially androgen, play vital roles in the regulation of the functions of meibomian gland. Recently, androgen has also been preliminarily applied in clinics for the treatment of MGD and showed promising results, especially in people with endogenous androgen deficiency. This review summarized the mechanisms of the function of androgen on meibomian gland based on molecular, animal, and clinical studies, and proposed evidence-based views about its potential applications for the treatment of MGD.

scholarly journals Characterization of the thickness of the tear film lipid layer using high resolution microscopy

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 356-359
Author(s):  
Yuqiang Bai ◽  
William Ngo ◽  
Jason J. Nichols
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Lipid Layer ◽  
High Resolution Microscopy

Human precorneal tear film and lipid layer dynamics in meibomian gland dysfunction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqiang Bai ◽  
William Ngo ◽  
Safal Khanal ◽  
Kelly K. Nichols ◽  
Jason J. Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Tear Film ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Meibomian Gland Dysfunction ◽  
Lipid Layer

scholarly journals Multicenter Study of Intense Pulsed Light for Patients with Refractory Aqueous-Deficient Dry Eye Accompanied by Mild Meibomian Gland Dysfunction

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3467
Author(s):  
Reiko Arita ◽  
Shima Fukuoka ◽  
Takanori Mizoguchi ◽  
Naoyuki Morishige
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Intense Pulsed Light ◽  
Meibomian Gland Dysfunction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pulsed Light ◽  
Lipid Layer ◽  
Film Stability ◽  
Schirmer’S Test

Aqueous-deficient dry eye (ADDE) and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) can be refractory to therapy. Intense pulsed light (IPL) was recently introduced as an effective treatment for MGD. We here evaluated the efficacy of IPL combined with MG expression (MGX) compared with MGX alone (n = 23 and 20, respectively) for patients with refractory ADDE with mild MGD at three sites. Symptom score, visual acuity (VA), noninvasive breakup time (NIBUT) and lipid layer thickness (LLT) of the tear film, lid margin abnormalities, fluorescein BUT (FBUT), fluorescein staining, tear meniscus height (TMH), meibum grade, meiboscore, and Schirmer’s test value were assessed at baseline and 1 and 3 months after treatment. LLT, plugging, vascularity, FBUT and NIBUT were improved only in the IPL-MGX group at three months compared with baseline. All parameters with the exception of VA, meiboscore, TMH, Schirmer’s test value were also improved in the IPL-MGX group compared with the control group at three months, as was VA in patients with central corneal epitheliopathy. Although IPL-MGX does not affect aqueous layer, the induced improvement in quality and quantity of the lipid layer may increase tear film stability and ameliorate symptoms not only for evaporative dry eye but for ADDE.

scholarly journals Assessment of tear film lipid layer thickness in patients with Meibomian gland dysfunction at different ages

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhua Li ◽  
Jiling Ma ◽  
Man Hu ◽  
Jianqin Yu ◽  
Yune Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Young Group ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Meibomian Gland Dysfunction ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Lipid Layer ◽  
Eyelid Margin

Abstract Background To evaluate the correlations between lipid layer thickness (LLT) and morphology and function of the meibomian glands in patients who were diagnosed as meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) in different age groups. Methods Patients who have diagnosed as obstructive MGD were included in this prospective, cross-sectional study. Patients were divided into three groups: young (ages 20–39 years), middle-aged (ages 40–59 years), and older (aged ≥60 years). All patients completed an Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire and were evaluated for LLT, tear meniscus height (TMH), noninvasive tear film break-up time (NI-BUT) measurement, invasive TBUT (ITBUT), corneal fluoresceinstaining (CFS) score, eyelid margin abnormalities, Schirmer I test, and MG function and morphology, by using the Keratograph 5 and LipiView interferometer. Results Two hundred and nine patients (209 eyes) were included. The median LLT of all patient was 57 nm (IQR, 36.5 nm), and the LLT values were significantly different among the young group (median, 51 nm; IQR, 23.5 nm), middle-aged group (median, 59.5 nm; IQR 46.5 nm) and older group (median, 62 nm; IQR, 42.5 nm) (P = 0.033, Kruskal-Wallis test). In regression analyses controlling for confounder factors sex and MG loss, the LLT was positively correlated with age (β = 5.539, P = 0.001). There was a negative correlation between LLT and MG dropout in the all (r = − 0.527, P < 0.001), young (r = − 0.536, P < 0.001), middle-aged (r = − 0.576, P < 0.001), and older (r = − 0.501, P < 0.001) groups. LLT was positively correlated with the MG expressibility in the all (r = 0.202, P = 0.003), middle-aged (r = 0.280, P = 0.044) and older (r = 0.452, p < 0.001) groups, but it was no statistical significance in the young group (r = 0.007, P = 0.949). Conclusions The thickness of LLT was increased with age and significantly correlated with both MG secretion and morphology in middle-aged and older patients with obstructive MGD. LLT measurement is a useful screening tool for detecting obstructive MGD and age as an influential factor should be accounted for when interpreting the meaning of the LLT value. Trial registration NCT02481167; Registered 25 June, 2015.

scholarly journals Tear Film Instability and Meibomian Gland Dysfunction Correlate with the Pterygium Size and Thickness Pre- and Postexcision in Patients with Pterygium

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Li ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Ruixue Wang ◽  
Xuanchu Duan
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Meibomian Gland Dysfunction ◽  
Clinical Implementation ◽  
Lipid Layer ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽  
Pterygium Excision

Purpose. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of excision on dry eye and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) in individuals with pterygium, before and after surgery. It also aimed to investigate how these effects correlate with the size and thickness of the pterygium. Subjects and Methods. 63 eyes from 63 patients with primary nasal pterygium and 45 eyes from 45 healthy volunteers without ocular pathologies were enrolled in this study. 63 eyes from 63 patients underwent pterygium surgery. ImageJ software was used to calculate the pterygium size based on images of the anterior segments. Anterior segment spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was performed preoperatively to measure the thickness of the pterygium 1 mm anterior to the nasal scleral spur. The ocular surface disease index (OSDI), Schirmer I Test (SIT), and MGD grade were used to evaluate the eyes, and the eyes were imaged using the noninvasive keratograph average tear film breakup time (NIBUTav), tear meniscus height (TMH), meiboscore, and lipid layer grading tools of the Oculus® Keratograph 5M, preoperatively and at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. Results. The OSDI, NIBUTav, lid margin abnormality, meiboscore, and lipid layer grading values differed significantly in the pterygium patients in comparison with the controls (p<0.01 for all scores). However, the SIT and TMH values were unchanged between the two groups (all p>0.05). Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that the NIBUTav, meiboscore, and lipid layer grading score was significantly correlated with the pterygium parameters, such as size and thickness. The postoperative OSDI, NIBUTav, lid margin abnormality, and lipid layer grading values improved significantly (p<0.05 for all scores). The SIT, TMH, and meiboscore results did not differ significantly between the pre- and postoperative values (p>0.05). Among the conventional and automated indexes, at 1 month postoperatively, SIT and TMH were significantly correlated with the pterygium parameters, but no correlation was observed at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. The OSDI, NIBUTav, meiboscore, and lipid layer grading values at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively were significantly correlated with the pterygium parameters. Conclusion. Abnormal tear film and meibomian gland (MG) function improved following pterygium excision in the patients with primary pterygium, which was associated with uncomfortable ocular symptoms. Pterygium parameters, such as size and thickness, correlated with the dry eye and MGD indexes in patients pre- and postoperatively, potentially offering a novel strategy for clinical implementation of pterygium excision surgery.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document