The Social Distribution of Health: Estimating Quality-Adjusted Life Expectancy in England

There have always been people who cannot take care of their daily needs and are reliant on care. However, due to higher life expectancy and low birth rates, changes in lifestyle and increased mobility, reliance on long-term care is becoming a general risk in life. Therefore, it must be provided with social protection. In this respect, the criteria for shaping the (new) social risk of reliance on long-term care are also fulfilled. Although different benefits are already provided within different parts of the social security system, the paper discusses that the best option is to define reliance on long-term care as an independent social risk. Furthermore, we must ensure that providing long-term care will not turn out to be a double social risk. The issue has to be addressed at the national and at the EU level.

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Social Inequality and the Future of US Life Expectancy

Annual Review of Sociology ◽

10.1146/annurev-soc-072320-100249 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Iliya Gutin ◽

Robert A. Hummer

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Life Expectancy ◽

Social Inequality ◽

Population Health ◽

The United States ◽

Annual Review ◽

Publication Date ◽

The Social ◽

The Future ◽

Extreme Longevity

Despite decades of progress, the future of life expectancy in the United States is uncertain due to widening socioeconomic disparities in mortality, continued disparities in mortality across racial/ethnic groups, and an increase in extrinsic causes of death. These trends prompt us to scrutinize life expectancy in a high-income but enormously unequal society like the United States, where social factors determine who is most able to maximize their biological lifespan. After reviewing evidence for biodemographic perspectives on life expectancy, the uneven diffusion of health-enhancing innovations throughout the population, and the changing nature of threats to population health, we argue that sociology is optimally positioned to lead discourse on the future of life expectancy. Given recent trends, sociologists should emphasize the importance of the social determinants of life expectancy, redirecting research focus away from extending extreme longevity and toward research on social inequality with the goal of improving population health for all. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Sociology, Volume 47 is July 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

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Cohort Changes in the Social Distribution of Tolerant Sexual Attitudes

Social Forces ◽

10.1093/sf/sow069 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 95 (2) ◽

pp. 753-777 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Fred C. Pampel

Keyword(s):

Sexual Attitudes ◽

The Social ◽

Social Distribution

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Social justice and administrative justice

The Oxford Handbook of Administrative Justice ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190903084.013.14 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jackie Gulland

Keyword(s):

Social Justice ◽

Health Education ◽

Life Expectancy ◽

United Nations ◽

Material Wealth ◽

Community Activists ◽

The Social ◽

The Right ◽

The Relationship ◽

Administrative Justice

Social justice is a popular concept, used by academic theorists, international bodies such as the United Nations, politicians on both the left and the right and by community activists. This chapter considers how the term ‘social justice’ may or may not be useful in the context of ‘administrative justice’ by looking at the relationship between administrative justice and structural inequalities. Administrative justice scholars usually focus on procedures. By contrast, social justice scholars are more concerned with substantive outcomes. They draw attention to the major rifts in society which lead to huge inequalities of outcome in terms of material wealth, health, education and life expectancy. Administrative justice, with its emphasis on rule following and fair procedures, can often seem divorced from these inequalities. This is where the concept of social justice can help administrative justice scholars. Administrative justice scholars, often dismiss outcomes as being beyond the reach of law, as being about politics. The emphasis on the ‘social’ in social justice compels us to look at this broader context and to show us how the great schisms in society create and enforce inequality.

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