scholarly journals A Systematic Literature Review To Identify And Compare Clinical Trials Evaluating Novel Therapeutic Agents In Post-Gemcitabine Advanced Pancreatic Cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. A434 ◽  
Author(s):  
DF Gaddy ◽  
C Becker ◽  
H Li ◽  
R Bennett ◽  
Y Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Advanced Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

Thromboembolic events in advanced pancreatic cancer: A systematic review.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 461-461
Author(s):  
Mann Muhsin ◽  
Omar Dabbous ◽  
Blake Morrison ◽  
Piet Vervaet ◽  
Dimitrios Chondros
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Advanced Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Thromboembolic Events ◽  
Ambulatory Patient

461 Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is highly associated with thromboembolic events (TEs). There is no consensus for prophylaxis of TEs across thromboprophylactic guidelines in ambulatory patient settings. Published ASCO (2014) and ESMO (2011) guidelines recommend use of primary thromboprophylaxis in pancreatic cancer outpatients at high risk of TEs. This systematic review investigated TE rates and prophylaxis among advanced PDA patients. Methods: A literature review identified clinical trials and observational studies reporting TE rates with and without thromboprophylaxis in PDA patients undergoing chemotherapy. A search was conducted using electronic databases including Medline, Medline In-Process, and Embase; limited to English language and publication between 1990 and April 2017. Retrieved articles were cross-referenced and scrutinized to identify additional publications. Results: Seven studies were identified; 2 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and 5 observational/retrospective studies met the stated criteria. The TE rate in PDA in the 5 observational studies without prophylaxis ranged from 9.6% to 36.0%. Thromboprophylaxis was used in the 2 RCTs and was associated with lower TE rates. Conclusions: This comprehensive literature review shows that PDA patients face a substantial risk of TE after chemotherapy. The high rates of TEs in PDA, and the effectiveness of thromboprophylaxis in patients with PDA, highlight the importance of having consensus for prophylaxis of TEs across thromboprophylactic guidelines in ambulatory patient settings as a critical early preventive measure during the treatment of patients with advanced PDA. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Effects of culinary herbs and spices on obesity: A systematic literature review of clinical trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 ◽  
pp. 104449
Author(s):  
Chandana Deekshith ◽  
Markandeya Jois ◽  
Jessica Radcliffe ◽  
Jency Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Culinary Herbs ◽  
Herbs And Spices

scholarly journals Therapeutic Application of Monoclonal Antibodies in Pancreatic Cancer: Advances, Challenges and Future Opportunities

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1781
Author(s):  
Gustavo A. Arias-Pinilla ◽  
Helmout Modjtahedi
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Antibody Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Western World ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

Pancreatic cancer remains as one of the most aggressive cancer types. In the absence of reliable biomarkers for its early detection and more effective therapeutic interventions, pancreatic cancer is projected to become the second leading cause of cancer death in the Western world in the next decade. Therefore, it is essential to discover novel therapeutic targets and to develop more effective and pancreatic cancer-specific therapeutic agents. To date, 45 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been approved for the treatment of patients with a wide range of cancers; however, none has yet been approved for pancreatic cancer. In this comprehensive review, we discuss the FDA approved anticancer mAb-based drugs, the results of preclinical studies and clinical trials with mAbs in pancreatic cancer and the factors contributing to the poor response to antibody therapy (e.g. tumour heterogeneity, desmoplastic stroma). MAb technology is an excellent tool for studying the complex biology of pancreatic cancer, to discover novel therapeutic targets and to develop various forms of antibody-based therapeutic agents and companion diagnostic tests for the selection of patients who are more likely to benefit from such therapy. These should result in the approval and routine use of antibody-based agents for the treatment of pancreatic cancer patients in the future.

Surgical treatment of rectovaginal fistulas (systematic literature review)

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-48
Author(s):  
Andrei Anatolevich Mudrov ◽  
Aleksandr Yur’evich Titov ◽  
Mariyam Magomedovna Omarova ◽  
Sergei Alekseevich Frolov ◽  
Ivan Vasilevich Kostarev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Recurrence Rate ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Rectovaginal Fistulas ◽  
Surgical Treatments

Despite the large number of available surgical interventions aimed at the treatment of rectovaginal fistulas, the results of their use remain extremely disappointing, associated with the high recurrence rate of the disease reaching 80 %, as well as the lack of a single tactic to minimize the risk of anal incontinence and the need for colostomy. Objective: to conduct a systematic literature review in order to summarize information related to the rectovaginal fistulas surgery. The systematic review includes the results of an analysis of 97 clinical trials selected from 756 publications found in databases. Inclusion criteria: a full-text article, the presence of at least 5 patients in the study, as well as data on the outcome of surgery. Clinical trials with different surgical treatments were identified and classified into the following categories: elimination of the rectovaginal septal defect with a displaced flap (rectal and vaginal); Martius surgery; gracilis muscle transposition; transperineal procedure; abdominal procedure including endoscopic and laparoscopic methods; use of biological or biocompatible materials. Treatment outcomes vary significantly from 0 % to > 80 %. None of the studies were randomized. Due to the low quality of the identified studies, comparison of results and meta-analysis conduction were not possible. Conclusion: as a result of the systematic review, data for the analysis and development of any strategic and tactical algorithms for the treatment of RVF were not obtained. The most important questions still remain open: what and when surgical method to choose, is it necessary to form a disconnecting stoma?

Diarrhea in Placebo Arms of Cancer Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 379-385
Author(s):  
BIRTE J. WOLFF ◽  
JOHANNES E. WOLFF
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Oncology Clinical Trials ◽  
Prevention Studies ◽  
Cancer Studies

Background/Aim: Diarrhea is among the most common adverse events in early oncology clinical trials, and drug causality may be difficult to determine. Materials and Methods: This is a systematic literature review of placebo arms of randomized cancer trials. Results: Anemia was reported in 95 of 127 placebo monotherapy cohorts. Publications involving healthy volunteers and cancer prevention studies reported lower frequencies than those with cancer patients. The average reported frequency of diarrhea grade 1 or higher among studies in cancer patients was 15%. The maximal reported frequencies for grades 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 were 56, 24, 6, 2, and 0%, respectively. Conclusion: When higher diarrhea frequencies than those are observed in treatment arms of clinical trials, then drug causality is likely.

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