The effects of trainings in soil and water conservation on farming practices, livelihoods, and land-use intensity in the Ethiopian highlands

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 104051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan S. Chesterman ◽  
Julia Entwistle ◽  
Matthew C. Chambers ◽  
Hsiao-Chin Liu ◽  
Arun Agrawal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Soil And Water Conservation ◽  
Land Use Intensity ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Ethiopian Highlands ◽  
Soil And Water

Determinants of smallholder farmers’ decisions on fertilizer use for cereal crops in the Ethiopian highlands

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 677-687
Author(s):  
Tewodros Tefera ◽  
Eyasu Elias ◽  
Christy van Beek
Keyword(s):  
Family Size ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Soil And Water Conservation ◽  
Ethiopian Highlands ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Education Status ◽  
Fertilizer Adoption ◽  
Soil And Water

AbstractThis study identified decision variables influencing fertilizer adoption and optimal fertilizer rates among smallholder farmers in the Ethiopian highlands. The fertilizer adoption and fertilizer use were examined in four regional states using a questionnaire survey, which was administered to 2880 farm households. A double hurdle model was used to analyze factors influencing the two independent decisions of adoption of fertilizers and use of fertilizers. The model estimates of the first hurdle revealed that the probability of fertilizer adoption increased by 1.2% as household education status improved, by 1.4% for an increased number of active family members, by 5.6% with improved access to credit, by 3.4% with cooperative membership, by 3.3% with an increase in farm size, by 4.6% when soil and water conservation practices are employed, and by 3.4% when agroecology of the farm is located in the medium to highland zone. Conversely, the probability of fertilizer adoption reduced by 0.9% for an increase in family size, 0.6% with 1 km distance from all-weather road, 1.6% for a kilometer further to farm plots, and 0.9% for an increase in number of parcels. The intensity of use of fertilizers was influenced by education status of the household head, family size, access to credit, membership to cooperatives, use of crop rotation, annual income, number of farm plots owned, use of soil and water conservation, and agroecology. Therefore, a concerted effort is needed to encourage fertilizer adoption and optimum fertilizer use intensity by improving households’ resource endowment, institutional capacity to deliver services, and infrastructure development.

scholarly journals Effects of land use, slope gradient, and soil and water conservation structures on runoff and soil loss in semi-arid Northern Ethiopia

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gebeyehu Taye ◽  
Jean Poesen ◽  
Bas Van Wesemael ◽  
Matthias Vanmaercke ◽  
Daniel Teka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Soil And Water Conservation ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Slope Gradient ◽  
Runoff And Soil Loss ◽  
Effects Of Land Use ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Soil And Water

Soil and water conservation on the Loess Plateau in China: review and perspective

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liding Chen ◽  
Wei Wei ◽  
Bojie Fu ◽  
Yihe Lü
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Vegetation Restoration ◽  
Soil And Water Conservation ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
The Past ◽  
Soil And Water ◽  
Made In

The Loess Plateau, China, has long been suffering from serious soil erosion. About 2000 years ago, larger areas were used for grain production and soil erosion was thus becoming severe with increase in human activity. Severe soil and water loss led to widespread land degradation. During the past decades, great efforts were made in vegetation restoration to reduce soil erosion. However, the efficiency of vegetation restoration was not as satisfactory as expected due to water shortage. China initiated another state-funded scheme, the `Grain-for-Green' project in 1999, on the Loess Plateau to reduce soil erosion and improve land quality. However, the control of soil erosion effectively by land-use modification raised problems. In this paper, the lessons and experiences regarding soil and water conservation in the Loess Plateau in the past decades are analysed first. Urgent problems are then elaborated, such as the contradiction between land resource and human population, shortage of water both in amount and tempospatial distribution for vegetation growth, weak awareness of the problems of soil conservation by local officials, and poor public participation in soil and water conservation. Finally, suggestions regarding soil and water conservation in the Loess Plateau are given. In order to control soil erosion and improve vegetation, a scientific and detailed land-use plan for the Loess Plateau has to be made, in the first instance, and then planning for wise use of water resources should be undertaken to control mass movement effectively and to improve land productivity. Methods of improving public awareness of environmental conservation and public involvement in vegetation rehabilitation are also important.

scholarly journals Prediction of soil and water conservation structure impacts on runoff and erosion processes using SWAT model in the northern Ethiopian highlands

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1743-1755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigus Demelash Melaku ◽  
Chris S. Renschler ◽  
Hubert Holzmann ◽  
Stefan Strohmeier ◽  
Wondimu Bayu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Soil And Water Conservation ◽  
Ethiopian Highlands ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Soil And Water

scholarly journals ANALISIS RESPON HIDROLOGI DAN SIMULASI TEKNIK KONSERVASI TANAH DAN AIR SUB DAS CIMANUK HULU

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Gilang Munggaran ◽  
Yayat Hidayat ◽  
Surya Darma Tarigan ◽  
Dwi Putro Tejo Baskoro
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Base Flow ◽  
Soil And Water Conservation ◽  
Flow Discharge ◽  
Hydrology Model ◽  
Land Use Scenarios ◽  
Soil And Water

Cimanuk Watershed is a priority catchment in West Java Province. The objective of study is to analyze various land use scenarios to improve base flow and lateral flow. The analysis use SWAT Hydrology model. The study showed that model has a good performance in predicting flow discharge produced NSE 0.56 (satisfactorily) and R2 0.70. There are four scenarios to be analyzed. The best base flow and lateral flow analyses is from the first scenario with soil and water conservation techniques. The scenario resulted the river regime coefficient by 78 (moderat), reduce direct runoff by 40.76% and increase lateral by 536.95 mm. Keywords: Base flow, landuse, lateral flow, soil and water conservation techniques, SWAT model 

scholarly journals PERENCANAAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN MELALUI PENDEKATAN PREDIKSI EROSI DAN KLASIFIKASI KEMAMPUAN LAHAN DI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI KOLOH PASIRAN LOMBOK TIMUR

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Sulastri Sulastri ◽  
I Wayan Sandi Adnyana ◽  
I Nyoman Merit
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Erosion Rate ◽  
Soil And Water Conservation ◽  
Land Capability ◽  
Classification Approach ◽  
Land Unit ◽  
Severe Erosion ◽  
Soil And Water ◽  
Land Use Maps

Erosion is a form of land degradation is very serious in Koloh Pasiran watershed. This condition perceived more severe by the fact that the understanding of the process of saving the natural resources of forest, soil and water have not received maximum attention. This is evidenced by the presence of illegal logging, forest fires around the area of the watershed during the dry season and flooding during every rainy season. Therefore, the research conducted with the aim to: 1) determine the level of erosion and soil and water conservation planning in the Koloh Pasiran watershed, 2) determine the land capability class in Koloh Pasiran watershed and 3) to plan land use capability classes based on erosion rate. Observations and sampling of soil samples for prediction of erosion, soil conservation and classification approach according, planning based on common land unit. This land unit maps obtained from the land use maps overlay by slope, soil and land use maps done by estimating the magnitude of the erosion equation USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) of Wischmeier and Smit (1978). Determine land capability class with land capability classification approach according Arsyad (1989). Land use planning and soil and water conservation in addition to using USLE equation also uses land capability classification according Arsyad (1989). The results show the level of erosion prediction calculation slight to very severe erosion. Mixture of garden soil with a 2% slope erosion rates relatively slight. Dry land with a slope of 2% classified as severe erosion and the shrub land with a slope of 2-3% erosion classified as severe to very severe. While in secondary forest land and primary forests with a slope of 2-25% relatively slight erosion. Land capability class in Koloh Pasiran watershed can be classified into class IV (3 units of land), class V (5 units of land), class VI (1 unit of land) and VIII (2 units of land). The limiting factors are: (e) the slopes are steep and severe erosion rate and (s) low water holding capacity. Direction of land use for high density mixed garden with bench terrace with good construction, dry with good bench terrace construction and given a booster plants around the lip of land, shrub land used for community forestry, agroporestry and natural forests, while for secondary forests and forest maintained primary sustainability

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