Mitigating the risks of indirect land use change (ILUC) related deforestation from industrial palm oil expansion by sharing land access with displaced crop and cattle farmers

2021 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 105498
Author(s):  
Badrul Azhar ◽  
Frisco Nobilly ◽  
Alex M. Lechner ◽  
Kamil Azmi Tohiran ◽  
Thomas M.R. Maxwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Land Access ◽  
Indirect Land Use Change

scholarly journals Observing European Union Rejection of Indonesia's Crude Palm Oil Exports from the Most Favored Nation and Quantitative Restriction Principles

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 905
Author(s):  
Atik KRUSTIYATI ◽  
Sylvia JANISRIWATI ◽  
Novela CHRISTINE ◽  
Mokhamad Khoirul HUDA
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
European Union ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Most Favored Nation ◽  
Quantitative Restriction ◽  
Indirect Land Use Change

Crude palm oil is one of the main commodities exported by Indonesia to several countries, including European Union. The European Union has pushed through several laws regarding climate change, including the Renewable Energy Directive II. The regulation supplementing the Renewable Energy Directive II has also been adopted by the European Commission, making the criteria for determining the high indirect land-use change-risk feedstock in Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/807. The objective of this paper is to observe if the measure taken by European Union on determining the indirect land-use change-risk feedstock has satisfied the existing WTO trade principles, the principle of most favored nation and the principle of quantitative restriction. The determining criteria in Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/807 is trade restrictive and discriminating to the export of crude palm oil, as crude palm oil is the only feedstock that falls under the criteria of high indirect land-use change-risk feedstock. The regulation has impact for the consumption of crude palm oil in Member states of European Union should be gradually reduced 0% by 2030 at the latest.  As the provision on General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade embodies the principle of non-discrimination, the result of the study shows the Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/807 has violated the international trade principles. Furthermore, the general exceptions of GATT 1994 contained in Article XX (b) also doesn’t justify the measure.

An analysis of iLUC and biofuels – Regional quantification of climate-relevant land use change and options for combating it

2011 ◽  
pp. 224-228
Author(s):  
Uwe Lahl
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Regional Model ◽  
Specific Region ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Regional Approach ◽  
Indirect Land Use Change

The study proposes a regional approach to calculating indirect land use change (iLUC). The goal is to determine the greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) of biofuels brought about by iLUC in a specific region. A regional approach can be based on the conditions specific to the respective region and the data for this region which is contained in country statistics. This makes the results more resilient. It also appears that LUC is mainly caused locally or regionally. Relevant policy scenarios for different regions were calculated with a regional model. The calculations show reliable results. It is possible to introduce such a regional model in regulations for combating iLUC. The analysis of the policy options for combating iLUC shows that a regional approach would have a much more effective steering effect.

scholarly journals Methods to Assess the Impacts and Indirect Land Use Change Caused by Telecoupled Agricultural Supply Chains: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Parra Paitan ◽  
Peter Verburg
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Hybrid Methods ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
Indirect Land Use Change ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
Agricultural Supply

The increasing international trade of agricultural products has contributed to a larger diversity of food at low prices and represents an important economic value. However, such trade can also cause social, environmental and economic impacts beyond the limits of the countries directly involved in the exchange. Agricultural systems are telecoupled because the impacts caused by trade can generate important feedback loops, spillovers, rebound effects, time lags and non-linearities across multiple geographical and temporal scales that make these impacts more difficult to identify and mitigate. We make a comparative review of current impact assessment methods to analyze their suitability to assess the impacts of telecoupled agricultural supply chains. Given the large impacts caused by agricultural production on land systems, we focus on the capacity of methods to account for and spatially allocate direct and indirect land use change. Our analysis identifies trade-offs between methods with respect to the elements of the telecoupled system they address. Hybrid methods are a promising field to navigate these trade-offs. Knowledge gaps in assessing indirect land use change should be overcome in order to improve the accuracy of assessments.

scholarly journals Progress and barriers in understanding and preventing indirect land‐use change

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 924-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vassilis Daioglou ◽  
Geert Woltjer ◽  
Bart Strengers ◽  
Berien Elbersen ◽  
Goizeder Barberena Ibañez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Indirect Land Use Change

Indirect land use change: review of existing models and strategies for mitigation

Biofuels ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birka Wicke ◽  
Pita Verweij ◽  
Hans van Meijl ◽  
Detlef P van Vuuren ◽  
Andre PC Faaij
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Indirect Land Use Change

scholarly journals Land Use Change from Biofuels Derived from Forest Residue: A Case of Washington State

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Brent ◽  
Sergey Rabotyagov
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
The United States ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Spatially Explicit ◽  
Biofuel Policy ◽  
Indirect Land Use Change ◽  
Forest Residue ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Processing Plants

Biofuel policy in the United States is transitioning away from corn towards second-generation biofuels in part because of the debate over environmental damages from indirect land use change. We combine a spatially explicit parcel level model for land use change in Washington State with simulations for biofuel policy aimed at utilizing forest residue as feedstock. Using a spatially explicit model provides greater precision in measuring net returns to forestland and development and indicates which areas will be most impacted by biofuel policy. The effect of policy is simulated via scenarios of increasing net returns to forestry and of siting feedstock-processing plants. Our results suggest that forestland will increase from such a policy, leading to a net reduction in atmospheric carbon from indirect land use change. This is in contrast to the experience of corn ethanol where the change in carbon emissions is potentially positive and large in magnitude.

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