An orally administered magnoloside A ameliorates functional dyspepsia by modulating brain-gut peptides and gut microbiota

Life Sciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 116749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenzhen Xue ◽  
Changxun Wu ◽  
Junying Wei ◽  
Minghua Xian ◽  
Tingting Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Functional Dyspepsia ◽  
Gut Peptides

scholarly journals Intestinal Sensing by Gut Microbiota: Targeting Gut Peptides

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihai Covasa ◽  
Richard W. Stephens ◽  
Roxana Toderean ◽  
Claudiu Cobuz
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Peptides

scholarly journals Resistant Starch Regulates Gut Microbiota: Structure, Biochemistry and Cell Signalling

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 306-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoping Yang ◽  
Kwame Oteng Darko ◽  
Yanjun Huang ◽  
Caimei He ◽  
Huansheng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Cell Signalling ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Regulatory Effect ◽  
Gut Peptides ◽  
Remarkable Progress ◽  
Unique Chemical

Starch is one of the most popular nutritional sources for both human and animals. Due to the variation of its nutritional traits and biochemical specificities, starch has been classified into rapidly digestible, slowly digestible and resistant starch. Resistant starch has its own unique chemical structure, and various forms of resistant starch are commercially available. It has been found being a multiple-functional regulator for treating metabolic dysfunction. Different functions of resistant starch such as modulation of the gut microbiota, gut peptides, circulating growth factors, circulating inflammatory mediators have been characterized by animal studies and clinical trials. In this mini-review, recent remarkable progress in resistant starch on gut microbiota, particularly the effect of structure, biochemistry and cell signaling on nutrition has been summarized, with highlights on its regulatory effect on gut microbiota.

Shen-Ling-Bai-Zhu-San alleviates functional dyspepsia in rats and modulates the composition of the gut microbiota

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 89-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaobao Zhang ◽  
Lei Lin ◽  
Wen Liu ◽  
Baorong Zou ◽  
Ying Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Functional Dyspepsia

scholarly journals Targeting the gut microbiota with inulin-type fructans: preclinical demonstration of a novel approach in the management of endothelial dysfunction

Gut ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie Catry ◽  
Laure B Bindels ◽  
Anne Tailleux ◽  
Sophie Lestavel ◽  
Audrey M Neyrinck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gut Peptides ◽  
Novel Approach

ObjectiveTo investigate the beneficial role of prebiotics on endothelial dysfunction, an early key marker of cardiovascular diseases, in an original mouse model linking steatosis and endothelial dysfunction.DesignWe examined the contribution of the gut microbiota to vascular dysfunction observed in apolipoprotein E knockout (Apoe−/−) mice fed an n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-depleted diet for 12 weeks with or without inulin-type fructans (ITFs) supplementation for the last 15 days. Mesenteric and carotid arteries were isolated to evaluate endothelium-dependent relaxation ex vivo. Caecal microbiota composition (Illumina Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene) and key pathways/mediators involved in the control of vascular function, including bile acid (BA) profiling, gut and liver key gene expression, nitric oxide and gut hormones production were also assessed.ResultsITF supplementation totally reverses endothelial dysfunction in mesenteric and carotid arteries of n-3 PUFA-depleted Apoe−/− mice via activation of the nitric oxide (NO) synthase/NO pathway. Gut microbiota changes induced by prebiotic treatment consist in increased NO-producing bacteria, replenishment of abundance in Akkermansia and decreased abundance in bacterial taxa involved in secondary BA synthesis. Changes in gut and liver gene expression also occur upon ITFs suggesting increased glucagon-like peptide 1 production and BA turnover as drivers of endothelium function preservation.ConclusionsWe demonstrate for the first time that ITF improve endothelial dysfunction, implicating a short-term adaptation of both gut microbiota and key gut peptides. If confirmed in humans, prebiotics could be proposed as a novel approach in the prevention of metabolic disorders-related cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Effect of Artemisia rupestris L. Extract on Gastrointestinal Hormones and Brain-Gut Peptides in Functional Dyspepsia Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Chun Wang ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
Maimaiti Aili ◽  
Shixia Huo ◽  
Meng-ting Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Dyspepsia ◽  
Gastrointestinal Hormones ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Gastrointestinal Hormone ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Gut Peptides ◽  
Blank Group

Artemisia rupestris L. is the perennial herb of rupestris belonging to Artemisia (Compositae), which is wildly distributed in Xinjiang (China), middle Asia, and Europe. It is known to have anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, immune function regulation, and gastrointestinal function regulation effects. AR is used to treat digestive diseases, but the effects of AR on antifunctional dyspepsia (FD) activity have not yet been reported. In this study, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Artemisia rupestris L. extract (ARE) on gastrointestinal hormones and brain-gut peptide in functional dyspepsia (FD) rats. Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups. An FD rat model was established by irregular tail clamp stimulation for 14 days except the blank group. After FD rat models, the blank group and model group were given menstruum, and the medicated rats were given corresponding medicine for 14 days. The general observations, bodyweight, and food intake were observed, and the content of serum gastrin (GAS), plasma motilin (MTL), plasma vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and plasma somatostatin (SS) by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was observed. The content of plasma VIP and plasma SS in the ARE group was significantly lower than in the model group, and the content of serum GAS and plasma MTL was increased in the ARE group; the GAS expression of antrum and hypothalamus was increased in the ARE group, and SS expression of antrum and hypothalamus was decreased in the ARE group by immunohistochemical detection; the results of semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) indicate that ARE inhibits the mRNA expression of VIP. Our results suggest that ARE can recover gastrointestinal hormone levels and regulation of the peripheral and central nervous system and alter gut peptide levels, which confirm the therapeutic effect of ARE on functional dyspepsia.

Gastric Activity and Gut Peptides in Patients With Functional Dyspepsia

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Russo ◽  
Guglielmina Chimienti ◽  
Caterina Clemente ◽  
Giuseppe Riezzo ◽  
Benedetta D’Attoma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Dyspepsia ◽  
Gut Peptides

scholarly journals Role of Gut Microbiota in Neuroendocrine Regulation of Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism via the Microbiota-Gut-Brain-Liver Axis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Zhi Wang ◽  
Yi-Jing Yu ◽  
Khosrow Adeli
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Neuroendocrine Regulation ◽  
Gut Peptides ◽  
Nutrient Metabolism ◽  
Vagal Afferent ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Gut microbiota play an important role in maintaining intestinal health and are involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids. Recent studies have shown that the central nervous system (CNS) and enteric nervous system (ENS) can interact with gut microbiota to regulate nutrient metabolism. The vagal nerve system communicates between the CNS and ENS to control gastrointestinal tract functions and feeding behavior. Vagal afferent neurons also express receptors for gut peptides that are secreted from enteroendocrine cells (EECs), such as cholecystokinin (CCK), ghrelin, leptin, peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; serotonin). Gut microbiota can regulate levels of these gut peptides to influence the vagal afferent pathway and thus regulate intestinal metabolism via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. In addition, bile acids, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), and Immunoglobulin A (IgA) can also exert metabolic control through the microbiota-gut-liver axis. This review is mainly focused on the role of gut microbiota in neuroendocrine regulation of nutrient metabolism via the microbiota-gut-brain-liver axis.

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